MATLAB GUI界面設(shè)計(jì)教程可以幫助用戶創(chuàng)建交互式的圖形用戶界面，以簡化與MATLAB程序的交互過程。以下是一個(gè)簡化的教程，指導(dǎo)你如何進(jìn)行MATLAB GUI界面設(shè)計(jì)：
1. 啟動(dòng)GUIDE或App Designer
-
GUIDE：在MATLAB命令窗口中輸入
guide命令，然后按Enter鍵啟動(dòng)GUIDE。 - App Designer：在MATLAB的“Apps”標(biāo)簽下選擇“App Designer”來啟動(dòng)。
2. 選擇模板或新建空白GUI
- 在GUIDE或App Designer中，你可以選擇現(xiàn)有的模板作為基礎(chǔ)，或者選擇新建一個(gè)空白GUI開始設(shè)計(jì)，其中GUIDE給我們提供了以下四種模板。
- ?App Designer我們提供了以下五種模板。
3. 添加和布局組件?
- 從組件面板中選擇所需的控件，如按鈕、文本框、滑動(dòng)條等，并拖拽到GUI界面上。
- 調(diào)整控件的大小和位置，以創(chuàng)建所需的界面布局。
- 常見的控件有以下10種：可編程文本是動(dòng)態(tài)文本，靜態(tài)文本不會(huì)變化；axes1是坐標(biāo)區(qū)，用于繪制圖像；滑塊用于查看長文本或者長圖形。
- ?將所需控件組裝成以下模樣，最上方的文本框是可編輯文本，下方的按鈕都是普通按鈕：
4. 設(shè)置組件屬性
- 雙擊控件或選擇它，并在屬性編輯器中設(shè)置其屬性，如字體、顏色、標(biāo)簽文本等。
- BackgroundColor——背景顏色
- FontAngle——字體傾斜角度
- FontName——字體名稱
- FontSize——字體大小
- FontUnits——字體單元
- ForegroundColor——字體顏色
- Position——控件位置
- String——控件顯示名稱
- Tag——控件真實(shí)名稱?
5. 編寫回調(diào)函數(shù)
- 回調(diào)函數(shù)定義了當(dāng)用戶與GUI中的控件交互時(shí)應(yīng)該執(zhí)行的操作。
- 在GUIDE中，你可以雙擊控件并選擇“Create Callback”來生成一個(gè)空的回調(diào)函數(shù)框架。
- 在App Designer中，選擇控件并在右側(cè)的代碼編輯器中編寫或修改回調(diào)函數(shù)。
%清空功能
set(handles.edit1,'String','');
%標(biāo)簽功能(0-9，小數(shù)點(diǎn)，+-*/)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String'); %獲取可編輯文本的字符串
textString =strcat(textString,'1');%拼接
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
%等號功能
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
answer=eval(textString);%求解表達(dá)式
set(handles.edit1,'String',answer); - 將上述代碼寫入回調(diào)函數(shù)可獲得完整代碼，可以根據(jù)需求添加小數(shù)點(diǎn)、開方等操作。
function varargout = myapp2(varargin)
% MYAPP2 MATLAB code for myapp2.fig
% MYAPP2, by itself, creates a new MYAPP2 or raises the existing
% singleton*.
%
% H = MYAPP2 returns the handle to a new MYAPP2 or the handle to
% the existing singleton*.
%
% MYAPP2('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
% function named CALLBACK in MYAPP2.M with the given input arguments.
%
% MYAPP2('Property','Value',...) creates a new MYAPP2 or raises the
% existing singleton*. Starting from the left, property value pairs are
% applied to the GUI before myapp2_OpeningFcn gets called. An
% unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
% stop. All inputs are passed to myapp2_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
% *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu. Choose "GUI allows only one
% instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES
% Edit the above text to modify the response to help myapp2
% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 11-Apr-2024 12:06:28
% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name', mfilename, ...
'gui_Singleton', gui_Singleton, ...
'gui_OpeningFcn', @myapp2_OpeningFcn, ...
'gui_OutputFcn', @myapp2_OutputFcn, ...
'gui_LayoutFcn', [] , ...
'gui_Callback', []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})
gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
end
if nargout
[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
else
gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
% --- Executes just before myapp2 is made visible.
function myapp2_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin command line arguments to myapp2 (see VARARGIN)
% Choose default command line output for myapp2
handles.output = hObject;
% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);
% UIWAIT makes myapp2 wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);
% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = myapp2_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject handle to figure
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'1');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'2');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'4');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton4.
function pushbutton4_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'5');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton4 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton5.
function pushbutton5_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'7');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton5 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton6.
function pushbutton6_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'8');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton6 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton7.
function pushbutton7_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'0');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton7 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton8.
function pushbutton8_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
set(handles.edit1,'String','');
% hObject handle to pushbutton8 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton9.
function pushbutton9_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'3');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton9 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton10.
function pushbutton10_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'6');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton10 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton11.
function pushbutton11_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'9');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton11 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton12.
function pushbutton12_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
answer = eval(textString,'3');%計(jì)算表達(dá)式
set(handles.edit1,'String',answer);
% hObject handle to pushbutton12 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton13.
function pushbutton13_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'+');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton13 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton14.
function pushbutton14_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'-');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton14 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton15.
function pushbutton15_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'*');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton15 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton16.
function pushbutton16_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
textString = get(handles.edit1,'String');
textString = strcat(textString,'/');
set(handles.edit1,'String',textString);
% hObject handle to pushbutton16 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
% str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double
% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called
% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
% See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))
set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
6. 保存和運(yùn)行GUI
- 在GUIDE中，保存你的GUI，它將生成一個(gè)
.fig文件（保存布局信息）和一個(gè).m文件（包含初始化代碼和回調(diào)函數(shù)）。 - 在App Designer中，直接保存并運(yùn)行你的App。
- 運(yùn)行
.m文件或App，以查看和測試你的GUI。
7. 調(diào)試和優(yōu)化
- 使用MATLAB的調(diào)試工具來識(shí)別和修復(fù)任何錯(cuò)誤或問題。
- 根據(jù)需要調(diào)整布局、顏色、字體等，以優(yōu)化GUI的用戶體驗(yàn)。?
gui視頻文章來源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-856324.html
注意事項(xiàng)：
- 命名規(guī)范：為控件和回調(diào)函數(shù)選擇描述性的名稱，以提高代碼的可讀性。
- 注釋：在代碼中添加注釋，解釋每個(gè)控件和回調(diào)函數(shù)的作用，以便于后期維護(hù)和修改。
- 用戶體驗(yàn)：考慮界面的易用性和美觀性，確保用戶能夠輕松理解和使用你的GUI。
通過遵循以上步驟和注意事項(xiàng)，你可以使用MATLAB創(chuàng)建功能強(qiáng)大且用戶友好的GUI界面。文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-856324.html
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