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又是一年一度的圣誕節(jié)快到了,作為程序猿那必須露一手,最終效果圖如下:
目錄
1.turtle庫(kù)?
2.實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟?
(1)導(dǎo)入庫(kù)
(2)定義基本繪圖方法
(3)畫(huà)樹(shù)身
(4)畫(huà)裝飾小物件
(5)祝福語(yǔ)
3.完整代碼
1.turtle庫(kù)?
turtle(海龜)是Python重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)庫(kù)之一,它能夠進(jìn)行基本的圖形繪制,其概念誕生于1969年。turtle是最有價(jià)值的程序設(shè)計(jì)入門實(shí)踐庫(kù),它是程序設(shè)計(jì)入門層面最常用的基本繪圖庫(kù)。
turtle的繪圖原理:
- 有一只海龜處于畫(huà)布正中心,由程序控制在畫(huà)布上游走;
- 海龜走過(guò)的軌跡形成了繪制的圖形
- 海龜由程序控制,可改變其大小,顏色等
?
2.實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟?
(1)導(dǎo)入庫(kù)
from turtle import *
from random import *
import math
(2)定義基本繪圖方法
def Rightdraw(Range,Fd,Right):
for i in range(Range): # Range循環(huán)次數(shù)
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd個(gè)距離
right(Right) #在當(dāng)前行進(jìn)方向再向右偏轉(zhuǎn)Right度
def Leftdraw(Range,Fd,Left):
for i in range(Range): # Range循環(huán)次數(shù)
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd個(gè)距離
left(Left) #在當(dāng)前行進(jìn)方向再向右偏轉(zhuǎn)Right度
def changeMypos(x,y,range=heading(),Fd=0):
penup()
goto(x, y)
seth(range)
fd(Fd)
pendown()
def drawBranch(x,y,size=1):
changeMypos(x,y)
Leftdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
Rightdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
fd(6)
(3)畫(huà)樹(shù)身
# 樹(shù)頂層
seth(-120)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(0,185,-60)
Leftdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-150,10)
# 第一層的波浪
for i in range(4):
Rightdraw(5,7,15)
seth(-150)
penup()
fd(2)
pendown()
# 二層
changeMypos(-55,70,-120)
Rightdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(50,73,-60)
Leftdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
pendown()
# 第二層的波浪
for i in range(5):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152.5)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 樹(shù)三層
changeMypos(-100,0,-120)
Rightdraw(10,6.5,4.5)
changeMypos(80,0,-50)
Leftdraw(10,6,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
# 第三次的波浪
for i in range(6):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 樹(shù)四層
changeMypos(-120,-55,-130)
Rightdraw(7,10,4)
changeMypos(100,-55,-50)
Leftdraw(7,10,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-155)
# 第四層的波浪
for i in range(7):
Rightdraw(5,9,13)
seth(-155)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 樹(shù)根
changeMypos(-70,-120,-85)
Leftdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(70,-120,-95)
Rightdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-170,10)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
# 畫(huà)樹(shù)枝
drawBranch(45,-80)
drawBranch(-70,-25)
drawBranch(-20,40)
(4)畫(huà)裝飾小物件
五角星
# 畫(huà)五角星
def drawStar(x,y,Range,size):
pensize(1)
color("red","yellow")
begin_fill()
changeMypos(x,y,Range)
for i in range(5): #畫(huà)五角星
forward(10*size)
right(144) #五角星的角度
forward(10*size)
left(72) #繼續(xù)換角度
end_fill()
right(126)
雪花
# 繪制雪花
def drawSnow():
hideturtle()
speed(0)
pencolor("white")
pensize(2)
for i in range(80): # 雪花數(shù)量
changeMypos(randint(-248,248),randint(-100,248))
petalNumber = 6 # 雪花花瓣數(shù)為6
snowSize = int(randint(2,10))
for j in range(petalNumber):
fd(snowSize)
backward(snowSize)
right(360/petalNumber)
圣誕襪子
# 圣誕襪子
def drawSock(x,y,range,size=1):
# 繪制襪子的白邊
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("black","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 繪制襪子的下半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range-90)
fd(20*size) # 圓弧距離白邊40
seth(180+range)
fd(5*size) # 向襪子頭延伸10
circle(7*size,180) #襪子頭處的半圓形
fd(21*size) #襪子寬42
seth(90+range)
d = distance(finalx,finaly) #找到襪子底部與白邊的距離
fd(d)
seth(range+180)
fd(16*size)
end_fill()
圣誕帽
# 圣誕帽
def drawHat(x,y,range,size=1):
# 繪制帽白邊
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 繪制帽子上半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
seth(190)
Leftdraw(9,2*size,8)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 繪制圣誕帽上的小球
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
begin_fill()
color("white","white")
circle(-2.5*size)
end_fill()
彩帶
# 繪制彩帶
def drawRibbon(x,y,range,size):
begin_fill()
color("red","red")
seth(range+40)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range+90)
fd(20/3*size)
seth(range-140)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range-90)
fd(20/3*size)
end_fill()
糖果文章來(lái)源:http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-762491.html
# 圣誕糖果
def drawCandy(x,y,range,size):
# 繪制糖體
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+8*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+8*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-40/3*size,180)
circle(-8/3*size,180)
circle(22/3*size,180)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 繪制下面三條彩帶
color("white")
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
fd(10/3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
# 繪制弧線段的彩帶
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-13.3*size,55)
x1 =xcor()
y1 =ycor()
begin_fill()
circle(-13.3*size,80)
right(75)
fd(6.3*size)
right(115)
circle(7*size,85)
goto(x1,y1)
end_fill()
(5)祝福語(yǔ)
# 祝福語(yǔ)
color("dark red","red") #定義字體顏色
penup()
goto(0,-230)
write("Merry Christmas",align ="center",font=("Comic Sans MS",40,"bold"))#定義文字、位置、字體、大小
3.完整代碼
from turtle import *
from random import *
import math
# 繪圖方法
def Rightdraw(Range,Fd,Right):
for i in range(Range): # Range循環(huán)次數(shù)
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd個(gè)距離
right(Right) #在當(dāng)前行進(jìn)方向再向右偏轉(zhuǎn)Right度
def Leftdraw(Range,Fd,Left):
for i in range(Range): # Range循環(huán)次數(shù)
fd(Fd) # 向前Fd個(gè)距離
left(Left) #在當(dāng)前行進(jìn)方向再向右偏轉(zhuǎn)Right度
# 背景改為黑色
screensize(bg='black')
# 重設(shè)海龜位置
def changeMypos(x,y,range=heading(),Fd=0):
penup()
goto(x, y)
seth(range)
fd(Fd)
pendown()
def drawBranch(x,y,size=1):
changeMypos(x,y)
Leftdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
Rightdraw(6,3,9)
seth(0)
fd(6)
# 畫(huà)五角星
def drawStar(x,y,Range,size):
pensize(1)
color("red","yellow")
begin_fill()
changeMypos(x,y,Range)
for i in range(5): #畫(huà)五角星
forward(10*size)
right(144) #五角星的角度
forward(10*size)
left(72) #繼續(xù)換角度
end_fill()
right(126)
# 繪制雪花
def drawSnow():
hideturtle()
speed(0)
pencolor("white")
pensize(2)
for i in range(80): # 雪花數(shù)量
changeMypos(randint(-248,248),randint(-100,248))
petalNumber = 6 # 雪花花瓣數(shù)為6
snowSize = int(randint(2,10))
for j in range(petalNumber):
fd(snowSize)
backward(snowSize)
right(360/petalNumber)
# 圣誕襪子
def drawSock(x,y,range,size=1):
# 繪制襪子的白邊
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("black","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 繪制襪子的下半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range-90)
fd(20*size) # 圓弧距離白邊40
seth(180+range)
fd(5*size) # 向襪子頭延伸10
circle(7*size,180) #襪子頭處的半圓形
fd(21*size) #襪子寬42
seth(90+range)
d = distance(finalx,finaly) #找到襪子底部與白邊的距離
fd(d)
seth(range+180)
fd(16*size)
end_fill()
# 圣誕帽
def drawHat(x,y,range,size=1):
# 繪制帽白邊
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
fd(20*size)
circle(-3*size,180)
end_fill()
# 繪制帽子上半部分
color("white","red")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+18*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+18*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
seth(190)
Leftdraw(9,2*size,8)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 繪制圣誕帽上的小球
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
Rightdraw(18,2*size,7)
begin_fill()
color("white","white")
circle(-2.5*size)
end_fill()
# 繪制彩帶
def drawRibbon(x,y,range,size):
begin_fill()
color("red","red")
seth(range+40)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range+90)
fd(20/3*size)
seth(range-140)
fd(15*size*math.tan(math.radians(range+40)))
seth(range-90)
fd(20/3*size)
end_fill()
# 圣誕糖果
def drawCandy(x,y,range,size):
# 繪制糖體
pensize(1)
changeMypos(x,y,range)
color("white","white")
begin_fill()
startx = x+2*size*math.cos(math.radians(range))
starty = y+2*size*math.sin(math.radians(range))
finalx = x+8*size*(math.cos(math.radians(range)))
finaly = y+8*size*(math.sin(math.radians(range)))
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-40/3*size,180)
circle(-8/3*size,180)
circle(22/3*size,180)
goto(finalx,finaly)
goto(startx,starty)
end_fill()
# 繪制下面三條彩帶
color("white")
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90)
fd(10/3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),range+90,13.3*size)
drawRibbon(xcor(),ycor(),range,size)
# 繪制弧線段的彩帶
changeMypos(startx,starty,range+90,40*size)
circle(-13.3*size,55)
x1 =xcor()
y1 =ycor()
begin_fill()
circle(-13.3*size,80)
right(75)
fd(6.3*size)
right(115)
circle(7*size,85)
goto(x1,y1)
end_fill()
setup(500,500,startx = None,starty = None)
title("Merry Christmas")
speed(0)
pencolor("green")
pensize(10)
hideturtle()
changeMypos(0,185,0)
# 樹(shù)頂層
seth(-120)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(0,185,-60)
Leftdraw(10,12,2)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-150,10)
# 第一層的波浪
for i in range(4):
Rightdraw(5,7,15)
seth(-150)
penup()
fd(2)
pendown()
# 二層
changeMypos(-55,70,-120)
Rightdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(50,73,-60)
Leftdraw(10,8,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
pendown()
# 第二層的波浪
for i in range(5):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152.5)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 樹(shù)三層
changeMypos(-100,0,-120)
Rightdraw(10,6.5,4.5)
changeMypos(80,0,-50)
Leftdraw(10,6,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-145)
# 第三次的波浪
for i in range(6):
Rightdraw(5,9,15)
seth(-152)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 樹(shù)四層
changeMypos(-120,-55,-130)
Rightdraw(7,10,4)
changeMypos(100,-55,-50)
Leftdraw(7,10,5)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-120,10)
seth(-155)
# 第四層的波浪
for i in range(7):
Rightdraw(5,9,13)
seth(-155)
penup()
fd(3)
pendown()
# 樹(shù)根
changeMypos(-70,-120,-85)
Leftdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(70,-120,-95)
Rightdraw(3,8,3)
changeMypos(xcor(),ycor(),-170,10)
Rightdraw(10,12,2)
# 畫(huà)樹(shù)枝
drawBranch(45,-80)
drawBranch(-70,-25)
drawBranch(-20,40)
# 添加掛件
drawHat(-25,175,-10,2.5)
drawCandy(-75,-50,-10,1)
drawCandy(10,40,-10,1.2)
drawStar(110,-90,80,1)
drawStar(-120,-100,50,1)
drawStar(-90,-50,20,1)
drawStar(90,-25,30,1)
drawSock(10,-35,-10,2)
drawSock(-40,100,10,1)
drawStar(-20,40,30,1)
drawStar(10,120,90,1)
# 打印祝福語(yǔ)
color("dark red","red") #定義字體顏色
penup()
goto(0,-230)
write("Merry Christmas",align ="center",font=("Comic Sans MS",40,"bold"))#定義文字、位置、字體、大小
# 調(diào)用下雪的函數(shù)
drawSnow()
done()
以上就是本次圣誕樹(shù)的畫(huà)法教程,其中里面的一些文字、顏色、參數(shù)等大家可自行調(diào)整繪制出自己喜歡的圣誕樹(shù)~文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-762491.html
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