前言：? ? ? ??

????????這個(gè)框架最近自己終于補(bǔ)充完成了，使用文檔和源碼已經(jīng)放在了Github上，可以在之前的文章中找到：

[Unity] 使用GraphView實(shí)現(xiàn)一個(gè)可視化節(jié)點(diǎn)的事件行為樹系統(tǒng)（序章/Github下載）_Sugarzo的博客-CSDN博客_unity graphview

????????

正文：

????????本文將開始介紹Runtime部分的事件節(jié)點(diǎn)邏輯。在本框架中，因?yàn)镚rapview的節(jié)點(diǎn)圖屬于Editor部分，在游戲運(yùn)行時(shí)是不會(huì)被加載進(jìn)來(lái)的。因此首先我們需要一個(gè)離開節(jié)點(diǎn)圖，也可以在游戲?qū)崟r(shí)運(yùn)行中執(zhí)行邏輯的節(jié)點(diǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)。文章涉及的事件觸發(fā)思想其實(shí)已經(jīng)在我之前寫過(guò)的一篇文章中了，也可以算作之前思想的延續(xù)。如果沒看過(guò)的可以淺看一下：

[Unity] 狀態(tài)機(jī)事件流程框架 (一)（C#事件系統(tǒng)，Trigger與Action）_Sugarzo的博客-CSDN博客_c# 事件系統(tǒng)

? ? ? ?在半年前自己的文章中，自己曾介紹了一種事件觸發(fā)的框架：將每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)作為一個(gè)游戲物品（GameObject GO），使用父子物品的結(jié)構(gòu)作為執(zhí)行順序來(lái)觸發(fā)事件。

? ? ? ? ?這種方式因?yàn)橹苯邮褂昧烁缸佑螒蛭锲纷鳛榻M織方式，當(dāng)大規(guī)模使用起來(lái)還是有點(diǎn)約束，因?yàn)橛|發(fā)器節(jié)點(diǎn)和事件節(jié)點(diǎn)形成的是一對(duì)一的關(guān)系，子物品也只能按照順序執(zhí)行事件下去，當(dāng)需要處理一些分支/循環(huán)邏輯的時(shí)候就不太方便了，而且游戲物品太多也會(huì)對(duì)性能優(yōu)化產(chǎn)生一定的影響。但是里面的設(shè)計(jì)思想我們還是可以保留的。

? ? ? ? 從實(shí)際圖中，可以看到在新版本里，節(jié)點(diǎn)可以執(zhí)行進(jìn)行分支和多輸入邏輯了。

? ? ? ? 在本框架中，我們依然延續(xù)之前的思想，所有的節(jié)點(diǎn)都是繼承自MonoBehaviour，節(jié)點(diǎn)作為一個(gè)Component附加在游戲物品上。這里選用Component當(dāng)然這自然不是理論上的最高效率。這里設(shè)計(jì)有幾個(gè)權(quán)衡，一是該節(jié)點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)成員都是由Unity自帶的Inspector繪制，在Unity給我們提供的API中，Editor.CreateEditor只支持UnityEngine.Object的派生類。（當(dāng)然使用ScriptableObject也是可以的，但是就對(duì)比Mono少了生命周期函數(shù)了）

[ExcludeFromDocs]
public static Editor CreateEditor(UnityEngine.Object targetObject)
{
    Type editorType = null;
    return CreateEditor(targetObject, editorType);
}

????????首先是事件節(jié)點(diǎn)狀態(tài)的基類部分

?

? ? ? ? 在狀態(tài)基類里，需要表示的結(jié)構(gòu)有：

? ? ? ? 1.當(dāng)前節(jié)點(diǎn)的狀態(tài)機(jī)狀態(tài)

? ? ? ? 2.一些狀態(tài)行為的虛函數(shù)

? ? ? ? 3.該節(jié)點(diǎn)指向的下一節(jié)點(diǎn)（流，flow）

? ? ? ? 4.這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)在節(jié)點(diǎn)圖中的位置（Vector2，僅Editor數(shù)據(jù)，將在后面章節(jié)運(yùn)用）

? ? ? ? 在Runtime中，只需有123點(diǎn)就可以運(yùn)行節(jié)點(diǎn)邏輯了。

using UnityEngine;
using Sirenix.OdinInspector;
using System.Collections.Generic;

namespace SugarFrame.Node
{
    public enum EState
    {
        [LabelText("未執(zhí)行")]
        None,
        [LabelText("正在進(jìn)入")]
        Enter,
        [LabelText("正在執(zhí)行")]
        Running,
        [LabelText("正在退出")]
        Exit,
        [LabelText("執(zhí)行完成")]
        Finish,
    }
    public interface IStateEvent
    {
        void Execute();
        void OnEnter();
        void OnRunning();
        void OnExit();
    }

    public abstract class NodeState : MonoBehaviour
    {
#if UNITY_EDITOR
        [HideInInspector]
        public Vector2 nodePos;
#endif
        //流向下一節(jié)點(diǎn)的流
        public MonoState nextFlow;
    }

    public abstract class MonoState : NodeState, IStateEvent
    {
        [SerializeField,Space]
        protected EState state;

        [TextArea,Space]
        public string note;

        protected void TransitionState(EState _state)
        {
            state = _state;

            switch (state)
            {
                case EState.Enter:
                    OnEnter();
                    break;
                case EState.Running:
                    OnRunning();
                    break;
                case EState.Exit:
                    OnExit();
                    break;
            }
        }

        public virtual void Execute()
        {
            TransitionState(EState.Enter);
        }
        public virtual void OnEnter()
        {
            TransitionState(EState.Running);
        }
        public virtual void OnRunning()
        {
            TransitionState(EState.Exit);
        }
        public virtual void OnExit()
        {
            TransitionState(EState.Finish);
        }
    }
}

? ? ? ? 接著設(shè)計(jì)觸發(fā)器節(jié)點(diǎn)和事件節(jié)點(diǎn)基類邏輯，在之前的文章中，有寫到過(guò)這兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)思想。這里其實(shí)設(shè)計(jì)起來(lái)也差不多：

using System.Collections;
using UnityEngine;
using Sirenix.OdinInspector;

namespace SugarFrame.Node
{
    public enum ExecutePeriod
    {
        None,
        Awake,
        Enable,
        Start,
        Update,
        DisEnable,
        Destroy,
    }

    public interface ITriggerEvent
    {
        void RegisterSaveTypeEvent();
        void DeleteSaveTypeEvent();
    }

    public abstract class BaseTrigger : MonoState,ITriggerEvent
    {
        
        [LabelText("生命周期執(zhí)行")]
        public ExecutePeriod executePeriod = ExecutePeriod.None;
        [Header("允許狀態(tài)未結(jié)束時(shí)依然可以執(zhí)行")]
        public bool canExecuteOnRunning = false;
        [Header("只執(zhí)行一次")]
        public bool runOnlyOnce = false;

        //(可選)在子類中實(shí)現(xiàn)下面兩個(gè)方法
        public virtual void RegisterSaveTypeEvent()
        {
            //EventManager.StartListening("");
        }
        public virtual void DeleteSaveTypeEvent()
        {
            //EventManager.StopListening("");
        }

        [Button]
        public override void Execute()
        {
            if(!canExecuteOnRunning)
                if (state == EState.Enter || state == EState.Running || state == EState.Exit)
                    return;

            base.Execute();

            if (runOnlyOnce)
                Destroy(this);
        }

        public override void OnEnter()
        {
            base.OnEnter();

            if (nextFlow != null)
            {
                if (nextFlow is BaseAction nextAction)
                    nextAction.Execute(this);
                else
                    nextFlow.Execute();
            }
                
        }

        public override void OnRunning()
        {
            //Trigger不需要實(shí)現(xiàn)OnRunning,由Action回調(diào)OnExit退出
            //base.OnRunning();
        }

        public override void OnExit()
        {
            base.OnExit();

        }

        protected virtual void Awake()
        {
            if (executePeriod == ExecutePeriod.Awake)
                Execute();
        }

        Coroutine updateCoroutine = null;

        protected virtual void OnEnable()
        {
            if (executePeriod == ExecutePeriod.Enable)
                Execute();

            RegisterSaveTypeEvent();

            //使用協(xié)程模擬update，優(yōu)化不選擇ExecutePeriod.Update時(shí)的性能
            if (executePeriod == ExecutePeriod.Update)
                updateCoroutine = StartCoroutine(IEUpdate());
        }

        protected virtual void Start()
        {
            if (executePeriod == ExecutePeriod.Start)
                Execute();
        }

        protected virtual IEnumerator IEUpdate()
        {
            while(true)
            {
                yield return null;
                if (gameObject.activeSelf)
                    Execute();
                else
                    yield break;
            }
        }

        protected virtual void OnDisable()
        {
            if (executePeriod == ExecutePeriod.DisEnable)
                Execute();

            DeleteSaveTypeEvent();

            if (updateCoroutine != null)
            {
                StopCoroutine(updateCoroutine);
                updateCoroutine = null;
            }
                
        }

        protected virtual void OnDestroy()
        {
            if (executePeriod == ExecutePeriod.Destroy)
                Execute();
        }
    }
}

using Sirenix.OdinInspector;
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

namespace SugarFrame.Node
{
    public abstract class BaseAction : MonoState
    {
        [Header("進(jìn)入時(shí)等待一幀")]
        public bool wait1Frame = false;
        
        //在派生類中填寫邏輯，并回調(diào)Runover()
        public abstract void RunningLogic(BaseTrigger emitTrigger);

        [Button]
        public override void Execute()
        {
            Execute(null);
        }

        public void Execute(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            TransitionState(EState.Running);

            if (wait1Frame && gameObject.activeInHierarchy)
            {
                StartCoroutine(DelayFrame(RunningLogic, emitTrigger));
            }
            else
            {
                RunningLogic(emitTrigger);
            }  
        }

        public virtual void RunOver(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            OnExitEvent?.Invoke();
            OnExitEvent = null;

            if (nextFlow)
            {
                //繼續(xù)執(zhí)行下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)
                if (nextFlow is BaseAction nextAction)
                    nextAction.Execute(emitTrigger);
                else
                    nextFlow.Execute();
            }
            else
            {
                //最后一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)了，切換Trigger狀態(tài)
                emitTrigger?.OnExit();
            }
            TransitionState(EState.Exit);
        }

        public override void OnRunning()
        {
            //不執(zhí)行任何操作，由RunOver觸發(fā)OnExit
        }

        [HideInInspector]
        public event Action OnExitEvent;

        IEnumerator DelayFrame(Action<BaseTrigger> action,BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            yield return null;
            action?.Invoke(emitTrigger);
        }
    }
}

?????????在這里，我們?cè)诨愔斜┞秲蓚€(gè)API給Trigger和Action的派生類編輯。BaseAction節(jié)點(diǎn)是RunningLogic函數(shù)，在新建事件節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)只需要重寫這個(gè)就可定義節(jié)點(diǎn)邏輯，RunOver決定函數(shù)何時(shí)結(jié)束。BaseTrigger是RegisterSaveTypeEvent和DeleteSaveTypeEvent，只需要拓展時(shí)自己決定什么時(shí)候調(diào)用Execute執(zhí)行即可，當(dāng)然也可以自己override GameObject的生命周期去實(shí)現(xiàn)觸發(fā)器邏輯。

????????以下是拓展這兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的腳本模板。

public class #TTT# : BaseAction
    {
        [Header("#TTT#")]
        public string content;

        public override void RunningLogic(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            //Write Logic

            RunOver(emitTrigger);
        }
    }

public class #TTT# : BaseTrigger
    {
        //Called on Enable
        public override void RegisterSaveTypeEvent()
        {
            //EventManager.StartListening("",Execute);
        }

        //Called on DisEnable
        public override void DeleteSaveTypeEvent()
        {
            //EventManager.StopListening("",Execute);
        }
    }

????????在沒有設(shè)計(jì)出節(jié)點(diǎn)圖框架前，我們可以手動(dòng)在Inspector窗口連接觸發(fā)器節(jié)點(diǎn)和事件節(jié)點(diǎn)的nextFlow屬性，就可以看到Runtime部分的節(jié)點(diǎn)邏輯正常運(yùn)行了。這里拿ButtonTrigger和DebugAction節(jié)點(diǎn)做示范：

????????(調(diào)整nextFlow，按下Button，執(zhí)行邏輯)

?????????其中兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)寫法：

using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;

namespace SugarFrame.Node
{
    public class ButtonTrigger : BaseTrigger
    {
        public List<Button> buttons;

        //Called on Enable
        public override void RegisterSaveTypeEvent()
        {
            foreach (var btn in buttons)
                btn?.onClick.AddListener(Execute);
        }

        //Called on DisEnable
        public override void DeleteSaveTypeEvent()
        {
            foreach (var btn in buttons)
                btn?.onClick.RemoveListener(Execute);
        }
    }
}

using UnityEngine;

namespace SugarFrame.Node
{
    public class DebugAction : BaseAction
    {
        [Header("Debug Action")]
        public string content;

        public override void RunningLogic(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            Debug.Log(content);

            RunOver(emitTrigger);
        }
    }

}

? ? ? ? 接著，我們把分支節(jié)點(diǎn)和序列節(jié)點(diǎn)這兩個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)也實(shí)現(xiàn)了。在分支節(jié)點(diǎn)邏輯中，我們給派生類流一個(gè)判斷虛函數(shù)的接口，根據(jù)判斷結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)置nextFlow的流向即可。

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

namespace SugarFrame.Node
{
    public abstract class BaseBranch : BaseAction
    {
        //流向下一節(jié)點(diǎn)的流
        [HideInInspector]
        public MonoState trueFlow;
        [HideInInspector]
        public MonoState falseFlow;

        //在派生類中實(shí)現(xiàn)該邏輯
        public abstract bool IfResult();

        public override void RunningLogic(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            RunOver(emitTrigger);
        }

        public override void RunOver(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            //判斷下一節(jié)點(diǎn)的流向
            nextFlow = IfResult() ? trueFlow : falseFlow;

            if (nextFlow)
            {
                //繼續(xù)執(zhí)行下一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)
                if (nextFlow is BaseAction nextAction)
                    nextAction.Execute(emitTrigger);
                else
                    nextFlow.Execute();
            }
            else
            {
                //最后一個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)了，切換Trigger狀態(tài)
                emitTrigger?.OnExit();
            }
            TransitionState(EState.Finish);
        }
    }
}

????????序列節(jié)點(diǎn)：可以負(fù)責(zé)多個(gè)流向的節(jié)點(diǎn)。這里就需要List<MonoState>了。因?yàn)楫?dāng)邏輯結(jié)束時(shí)，我們需要回調(diào)Trigger切換條件。而Sequence可能由多個(gè)觸發(fā)器節(jié)點(diǎn)同時(shí)調(diào)用，每個(gè)流向的邏輯執(zhí)行完時(shí)間就可能存在不同。這里的處理就復(fù)雜一點(diǎn)。借用了委托和緩存的思想，每次觸發(fā)這個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)都使用lambda注冊(cè)一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)標(biāo)記這個(gè)sequence后續(xù)所有流向有沒有被完成，只有當(dāng)所有的流向都執(zhí)行完成時(shí)才回調(diào)Trigger。

public abstract class BaseSequence : BaseAction
    {

        [HideInInspector]
        public List<MonoState> nextflows = new List<MonoState>();
        [Header("每個(gè)行為之間是否等待x秒,輸入-1時(shí)等待1幀")]
        public float waitTimeEachAction = 0;
        [ReadOnly]
        public int runningAction = 0;

        public override void OnEnter()
        {           
            base.OnEnter();
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 向下執(zhí)行所有節(jié)點(diǎn)
        /// </summary>
        public override void RunningLogic(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            if (nextflows != null && nextflows.Count > 0)
            {
                runningAction = nextflows.Count;
                StartCoroutine(StartActions(emitTrigger));
            }
            else
            {
                //Sequence節(jié)點(diǎn)輸出為空，直接切換到結(jié)束狀態(tài)
                RunOver(emitTrigger);
            }
        }

        private IEnumerator StartActions(BaseTrigger emitTrigger)
        {
            DataCache cache = new DataCache();
            cache.count = nextflows.Count;
            cache.trigger = emitTrigger;

            //繼續(xù)所有節(jié)點(diǎn)
            foreach (var nextFlow in nextflows)
            {
                if (nextFlow is BaseAction nextAction)
                    nextAction.Execute();
                else
                    nextFlow.Execute();

                //依賴注入,當(dāng)所有Action執(zhí)行完成時(shí)回調(diào)Trigger
                if (nextFlow is BaseAction action)
                    action.OnExitEvent += delegate ()
                    {
                        cache.count--;
                        if(cache.count == 0)
                        {
                            cache.trigger?.OnExit();
                        }
                    };

                nextFlow.Execute();

                if (waitTimeEachAction > 0)
                    yield return new WaitForSeconds(waitTimeEachAction);
                if (waitTimeEachAction == -1)
                    yield return null;
            }
            yield return null;
        }


        private class DataCache
        {
            public BaseTrigger trigger;
            public int count;
        }
    }

? ? ? ? 好了，在這里就已經(jīng)講完了Runtime部分的Node框架了。下一章節(jié)就會(huì)進(jìn)入Editor部分的UI? Toolkit篇。文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-731891.html

到了這里，關(guān)于[Unity] GraphView 可視化節(jié)點(diǎn)的事件行為樹(一) Runtime Node的文章就介紹完了。如果您還想了解更多內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)?jiān)谟疑辖撬阉鱐OY模板網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板網(wǎng)！