Form 表單：日常業(yè)務中很常見，由輸入框、選擇器、單選框、多選框等控件組成，用以收集、校驗、提交數(shù)據(jù)，常見于表單請求、登錄，數(shù)據(jù)校驗等業(yè)務操作中
1.如何使用？
包括各種表單項，比如輸入框、選擇器、開關、單選框、多選框等。
/*在 Form 組件中，每一個表單域由一個 Form-Item 組件構成，表單域中可以放置各種類型的表單控件，包括 Input、Select、Checkbox、Radio、Switch、DatePicker、TimePicker*/
<el-form ref="form" :model="form" label-width="80px">
<el-form-item label="活動名稱">
<el-input v-model="form.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動區(qū)域">
<el-select v-model="form.region" placeholder="請選擇活動區(qū)域">
<el-option label="區(qū)域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
<el-option label="區(qū)域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動時間">
<el-col :span="11">
<el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="選擇日期" v-model="form.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
</el-col>
<el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-time-picker placeholder="選擇時間" v-model="form.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
</el-col>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="即時配送">
<el-switch v-model="form.delivery"></el-switch>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動性質(zhì)">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="form.type">
<el-checkbox label="美食/餐廳線上活動" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="地推活動" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="線下主題活動" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="單純品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="特殊資源">
<el-radio-group v-model="form.resource">
<el-radio label="線上品牌商贊助"></el-radio>
<el-radio label="線下場地免費"></el-radio>
</el-radio-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動形式">
<el-input type="textarea" v-model="form.desc"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">立即創(chuàng)建</el-button>
<el-button>取消</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
form: {
name: '',
region: '',
date1: '',
date2: '',
delivery: false,
type: [],
resource: '',
desc: ''
}
}
},
methods: {
onSubmit() {
console.log('submit!');
}
}
}
</script>W3C 標準中有如下規(guī)定：
When there is only one single-line text input field in a form, the user agent should accept Enter in that field as a request to submit the form.
即：當一個 form 元素中只有一個輸入框時，在該輸入框中按下回車應提交該表單。如果希望阻止這一默認行為，可以在?
<el-form>?標簽上添加?@submit.native.prevent。
2.行內(nèi)表單
當垂直方向空間受限且表單較簡單時，可以在一行內(nèi)放置表單。
設置 inline 屬性可以讓表單域變?yōu)樾袃?nèi)的表單域
<el-form :inline="true" :model="formInline" class="demo-form-inline">
<el-form-item label="審批人">
<el-input v-model="formInline.user" placeholder="審批人"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動區(qū)域">
<el-select v-model="formInline.region" placeholder="活動區(qū)域">
<el-option label="區(qū)域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
<el-option label="區(qū)域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">查詢</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
formInline: {
user: '',
region: ''
}
}
},
methods: {
onSubmit() {
console.log('submit!');
}
}
}
</script>3.對齊方式
根據(jù)具體目標和制約因素，選擇最佳的標簽對齊方式。
//通過設置 label-position 屬性可以改變表單域標簽的位置，可選值為 top、left，當設為 top 時標簽會置于表單域的頂部
<el-radio-group v-model="labelPosition" size="small">
<el-radio-button label="left">左對齊</el-radio-button>
<el-radio-button label="right">右對齊</el-radio-button>
<el-radio-button label="top">頂部對齊</el-radio-button>
</el-radio-group>
<div style="margin: 20px;"></div>
<el-form :label-position="labelPosition" label-width="80px" :model="formLabelAlign">
<el-form-item label="名稱">
<el-input v-model="formLabelAlign.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動區(qū)域">
<el-input v-model="formLabelAlign.region"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動形式">
<el-input v-model="formLabelAlign.type"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
labelPosition: 'right',
formLabelAlign: {
name: '',
region: '',
type: ''
}
};
}
}
</script>4.表單驗證
在防止用戶犯錯的前提下，盡可能讓用戶更早地發(fā)現(xiàn)并糾正錯誤
//Form 組件提供了表單驗證的功能，只需要通過 rules 屬性傳入約定的驗證規(guī)則，并將 Form-Item 的 prop 屬性設置為需校驗的字段名即可。
<el-form :model="ruleForm" :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
<el-form-item label="活動名稱" prop="name">
<el-input v-model="ruleForm.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動區(qū)域" prop="region">
<el-select v-model="ruleForm.region" placeholder="請選擇活動區(qū)域">
<el-option label="區(qū)域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
<el-option label="區(qū)域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動時間" required>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-form-item prop="date1">
<el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="選擇日期" v-model="ruleForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
</el-form-item>
</el-col>
<el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-form-item prop="date2">
<el-time-picker placeholder="選擇時間" v-model="ruleForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
</el-form-item>
</el-col>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="即時配送" prop="delivery">
<el-switch v-model="ruleForm.delivery"></el-switch>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動性質(zhì)" prop="type">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="ruleForm.type">
<el-checkbox label="美食/餐廳線上活動" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="地推活動" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="線下主題活動" name="type"></el-checkbox>
<el-checkbox label="單純品牌曝光" name="type"></el-checkbox>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="特殊資源" prop="resource">
<el-radio-group v-model="ruleForm.resource">
<el-radio label="線上品牌商贊助"></el-radio>
<el-radio label="線下場地免費"></el-radio>
</el-radio-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動形式" prop="desc">
<el-input type="textarea" v-model="ruleForm.desc"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">立即創(chuàng)建</el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
ruleForm: {
name: '',
region: '',
date1: '',
date2: '',
delivery: false,
type: [],
resource: '',
desc: ''
},
rules: {
name: [
{ required: true, message: '請輸入活動名稱', trigger: 'blur' },
{ min: 3, max: 5, message: '長度在 3 到 5 個字符', trigger: 'blur' }
],
region: [
{ required: true, message: '請選擇活動區(qū)域', trigger: 'change' }
],
date1: [
{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '請選擇日期', trigger: 'change' }
],
date2: [
{ type: 'date', required: true, message: '請選擇時間', trigger: 'change' }
],
type: [
{ type: 'array', required: true, message: '請至少選擇一個活動性質(zhì)', trigger: 'change' }
],
resource: [
{ required: true, message: '請選擇活動資源', trigger: 'change' }
],
desc: [
{ required: true, message: '請?zhí)顚懟顒有问?, trigger: 'blur' }
]
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
}
}
}
</script>5.自定義校驗規(guī)則
這個例子中展示了如何使用自定義驗證規(guī)則來完成密碼的二次驗證。
本例還使用status-icon屬性為輸入框添加了表示校驗結(jié)果的反饋圖標。
<el-form :model="ruleForm" status-icon :rules="rules" ref="ruleForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
<el-form-item label="密碼" prop="pass">
<el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm.pass" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="確認密碼" prop="checkPass">
<el-input type="password" v-model="ruleForm.checkPass" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="年齡" prop="age">
<el-input v-model.number="ruleForm.age"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('ruleForm')">提交</el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('ruleForm')">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
var checkAge = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (!value) {
return callback(new Error('年齡不能為空'));
}
setTimeout(() => {
if (!Number.isInteger(value)) {
callback(new Error('請輸入數(shù)字值'));
} else {
if (value < 18) {
callback(new Error('必須年滿18歲'));
} else {
callback();
}
}
}, 1000);
};
var validatePass = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (value === '') {
callback(new Error('請輸入密碼'));
} else {
if (this.ruleForm.checkPass !== '') {
this.$refs.ruleForm.validateField('checkPass');
}
callback();
}
};
var validatePass2 = (rule, value, callback) => {
if (value === '') {
callback(new Error('請再次輸入密碼'));
} else if (value !== this.ruleForm.pass) {
callback(new Error('兩次輸入密碼不一致!'));
} else {
callback();
}
};
return {
ruleForm: {
pass: '',
checkPass: '',
age: ''
},
rules: {
pass: [
{ validator: validatePass, trigger: 'blur' }
],
checkPass: [
{ validator: validatePass2, trigger: 'blur' }
],
age: [
{ validator: checkAge, trigger: 'blur' }
]
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
}
}
}
</script>
6.?動態(tài)增減表單項
//除了在 Form 組件上一次性傳遞所有的驗證規(guī)則外還可以在單個的表單域上傳遞屬性的驗證規(guī)則
<el-form :model="dynamicValidateForm" ref="dynamicValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-dynamic">
<el-form-item
prop="email"
label="郵箱"
:rules="[
{ required: true, message: '請輸入郵箱地址', trigger: 'blur' },
{ type: 'email', message: '請輸入正確的郵箱地址', trigger: ['blur', 'change'] }
]"
>
<el-input v-model="dynamicValidateForm.email"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item
v-for="(domain, index) in dynamicValidateForm.domains"
:label="'域名' + index"
:key="domain.key"
:prop="'domains.' + index + '.value'"
:rules="{
required: true, message: '域名不能為空', trigger: 'blur'
}"
>
<el-input v-model="domain.value"></el-input><el-button @click.prevent="removeDomain(domain)">刪除</el-button>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('dynamicValidateForm')">提交</el-button>
<el-button @click="addDomain">新增域名</el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('dynamicValidateForm')">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
dynamicValidateForm: {
domains: [{
value: ''
}],
email: ''
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
},
removeDomain(item) {
var index = this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.indexOf(item)
if (index !== -1) {
this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.splice(index, 1)
}
},
addDomain() {
this.dynamicValidateForm.domains.push({
value: '',
key: Date.now()
});
}
}
}
</script>7.數(shù)字類型驗證
數(shù)字類型的驗證需要在?
v-model?處加上?.number?的修飾符，這是?Vue?自身提供的用于將綁定值轉(zhuǎn)化為?number?類型的修飾符。
<el-form :model="numberValidateForm" ref="numberValidateForm" label-width="100px" class="demo-ruleForm">
<el-form-item
label="年齡"
prop="age"
:rules="[
{ required: true, message: '年齡不能為空'},
{ type: 'number', message: '年齡必須為數(shù)字值'}
]"
>
<el-input type="age" v-model.number="numberValidateForm.age" autocomplete="off"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item>
<el-button type="primary" @click="submitForm('numberValidateForm')">提交</el-button>
<el-button @click="resetForm('numberValidateForm')">重置</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
numberValidateForm: {
age: ''
}
};
},
methods: {
submitForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].validate((valid) => {
if (valid) {
alert('submit!');
} else {
console.log('error submit!!');
return false;
}
});
},
resetForm(formName) {
this.$refs[formName].resetFields();
}
}
}
</script>
嵌套在?
el-form-item?中的?el-form-item?標簽寬度默認為零，不會繼承?el-form?的?label-width。如果需要可以為其單獨設置?label-width?屬性。
8.表單內(nèi)組件尺寸控制
通過設置 Form 上的?
size?屬性可以使該表單內(nèi)所有可調(diào)節(jié)大小的組件繼承該尺寸。Form-Item 也具有該屬性。文章來源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-709534.html
//如果希望某個表單項或某個表單組件的尺寸不同于 Form 上的size屬性，直接為這個表單項或表單組件設置自己的size即可。
<el-form ref="form" :model="sizeForm" label-width="80px" size="mini">
<el-form-item label="活動名稱">
<el-input v-model="sizeForm.name"></el-input>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動區(qū)域">
<el-select v-model="sizeForm.region" placeholder="請選擇活動區(qū)域">
<el-option label="區(qū)域一" value="shanghai"></el-option>
<el-option label="區(qū)域二" value="beijing"></el-option>
</el-select>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動時間">
<el-col :span="11">
<el-date-picker type="date" placeholder="選擇日期" v-model="sizeForm.date1" style="width: 100%;"></el-date-picker>
</el-col>
<el-col class="line" :span="2">-</el-col>
<el-col :span="11">
<el-time-picker placeholder="選擇時間" v-model="sizeForm.date2" style="width: 100%;"></el-time-picker>
</el-col>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="活動性質(zhì)">
<el-checkbox-group v-model="sizeForm.type">
<el-checkbox-button label="美食/餐廳線上活動" name="type"></el-checkbox-button>
<el-checkbox-button label="地推活動" name="type"></el-checkbox-button>
<el-checkbox-button label="線下主題活動" name="type"></el-checkbox-button>
</el-checkbox-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item label="特殊資源">
<el-radio-group v-model="sizeForm.resource" size="medium">
<el-radio border label="線上品牌商贊助"></el-radio>
<el-radio border label="線下場地免費"></el-radio>
</el-radio-group>
</el-form-item>
<el-form-item size="large">
<el-button type="primary" @click="onSubmit">立即創(chuàng)建</el-button>
<el-button>取消</el-button>
</el-form-item>
</el-form>
<script>
export default {
data() {
return {
sizeForm: {
name: '',
region: '',
date1: '',
date2: '',
delivery: false,
type: [],
resource: '',
desc: ''
}
};
},
methods: {
onSubmit() {
console.log('submit!');
}
}
};
</script>?Form表單組件的大致內(nèi)容就是這些，若想深入淺出可以前往表單組件文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-709534.html
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