- 一、簡介
-
二、環(huán)境搭建
- 1、下載安裝包
- 2、服務(wù)啟動(dòng)
-
三、工程搭建
- 1、工程結(jié)構(gòu)
- 2、依賴管理
- 3、配置文件
-
四、基礎(chǔ)用法
- 1、實(shí)體類
- 2、初始化索引
- 3、倉儲(chǔ)接口
- 4、查詢語法
- 五、參考源碼
標(biāo)簽:ElasticSearch8.Kibana8;
一、簡介
Elasticsearch是一個(gè)分布式、RESTful風(fēng)格的搜索和數(shù)據(jù)分析引擎,適用于各種數(shù)據(jù)類型,數(shù)字、文本、地理位置、結(jié)構(gòu)化數(shù)據(jù)、非結(jié)構(gòu)化數(shù)據(jù);
在實(shí)際的工作中,歷經(jīng)過Elasticsearch從6.0
到7.0
的版本升級(jí),而這次SpringBoot3和ES8.0的集成,雖然腳本的語法變化很小,但是Java客戶端的API語法變化很大;
二、環(huán)境搭建
1、下載安裝包
需要注意的是,這些安裝包的版本要選擇對(duì)應(yīng)的,不然容易出問題;
軟件包:elasticsearch-8.8.2-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
分詞器工具:elasticsearch-analysis-ik-8.8.2.zip
可視化工具:kibana-8.8.2-darwin-x86_64.tar.gz
2、服務(wù)啟動(dòng)
不論是ES還是Kibana,在首次啟動(dòng)后,會(huì)初始化很多配置文件,可以根據(jù)自己的需要做相關(guān)的配置調(diào)整,比如常見的端口調(diào)整,資源占用,安全校驗(yàn)等;
1、啟動(dòng)ES
elasticsearch-8.8.2/bin/elasticsearch
本地訪問:localhost:9200
2、啟動(dòng)Kibana
kibana-8.8.2/bin/kibana
本地訪問:http://localhost:5601
# 3、查看安裝的插件
http://localhost:9200/_cat/plugins -> analysis-ik 8.8.2
三、工程搭建
1、工程結(jié)構(gòu)
2、依賴管理
在starter-elasticsearch
組件中,實(shí)際上依賴的是elasticsearch-java
組件的8.7.1
版本;
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
<version>${spring-boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
3、配置文件
在上面環(huán)境搭建的過程中,已經(jīng)禁用了用戶和密碼的登錄驗(yàn)證,配置ES服務(wù)地址即可;
spring:
# ElasticSearch配置
elasticsearch:
uris: localhost:9200
四、基礎(chǔ)用法
1、實(shí)體類
通過Document
和Field
注解描述ES索引結(jié)構(gòu)的實(shí)體類,注意這里JsonIgnoreProperties
注解,解決索引中字段和實(shí)體類非一一對(duì)應(yīng)的而引起的JSON解析問題;
@JsonIgnoreProperties(ignoreUnknown = true)
@Document(indexName = "contents_index", createIndex = false)
public class ContentsIndex implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID=1L;
@Field(type= FieldType.Integer)
private Integer id;
@Field(type= FieldType.Keyword)
private String title;
@Field(type= FieldType.Keyword)
private String intro;
@Field(type= FieldType.Text)
private String content;
@Field(type= FieldType.Integer)
private Integer createId;
@Field(type= FieldType.Keyword)
private String createName;
@Field(type= FieldType.Date,format = DateFormat.date_hour_minute_second)
private Date createTime;
}
2、初始化索引
基于ElasticsearchTemplate
類和上述實(shí)體類,實(shí)現(xiàn)索引結(jié)構(gòu)的初始化,并且將tb_contents
表中的數(shù)據(jù)同步到索引中,最后通過ID查詢一條測試數(shù)據(jù);
@Service
public class ContentsIndexService {
private static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ContentsIndexService.class);
@Resource
private ContentsService contentsService ;
@Resource
private ElasticsearchTemplate template ;
/**
* 初始化索引結(jié)構(gòu)和數(shù)據(jù)
*/
public void initIndex (){
// 處理索引結(jié)構(gòu)
IndexOperations indexOps = template.indexOps(ContentsIndex.class);
if (indexOps.exists()){
boolean delFlag = indexOps.delete();
log.info("contents_index exists,delete:{}",delFlag);
indexOps.createMapping(ContentsIndex.class);
} else {
log.info("contents_index not exists");
indexOps.createMapping(ContentsIndex.class);
}
// 同步數(shù)據(jù)庫表記錄
List<Contents> contentsList = contentsService.queryAll();
if (contentsList.size() > 0){
List<ContentsIndex> contentsIndexList = new ArrayList<>() ;
contentsList.forEach(contents -> {
ContentsIndex contentsIndex = new ContentsIndex() ;
BeanUtils.copyProperties(contents,contentsIndex);
contentsIndexList.add(contentsIndex);
});
template.save(contentsIndexList);
}
// ID查詢
ContentsIndex contentsIndex = template.get("10",ContentsIndex.class);
log.info("contents-index-10:{}",contentsIndex);
}
}
3、倉儲(chǔ)接口
繼承ElasticsearchRepository
接口,可以對(duì)ES這種特定類型的存儲(chǔ)庫進(jìn)行通用增刪改查操作;在測試類中對(duì)該接口的方法進(jìn)行測試;
// 1、接口定義
public interface ContentsIndexRepository extends ElasticsearchRepository<ContentsIndex,Long> {
}
// 2、接口測試
public class ContentsIndexRepositoryTest {
@Autowired
private ContentsIndexRepository contentsIndexRepository;
@Test
public void testAdd (){
// 單個(gè)新增
contentsIndexRepository.save(buildOne());
// 批量新增
contentsIndexRepository.saveAll(buildList()) ;
}
@Test
public void testUpdate (){
// 根據(jù)ID查詢后再更新
Optional<ContentsIndex> contentsOpt = contentsIndexRepository.findById(14L);
if (contentsOpt.isPresent()){
ContentsIndex contentsId = contentsOpt.get();
System.out.println("id=14:"+contentsId);
contentsId.setContent("update-content");
contentsId.setCreateTime(new Date());
contentsIndexRepository.save(contentsId);
}
}
@Test
public void testQuery (){
// 單個(gè)ID查詢
Optional<ContentsIndex> contentsOpt = contentsIndexRepository.findById(1L);
if (contentsOpt.isPresent()){
ContentsIndex contentsId1 = contentsOpt.get();
System.out.println("id=1:"+contentsId1);
}
// 批量ID查詢
Iterator<ContentsIndex> contentsIterator = contentsIndexRepository
.findAllById(Arrays.asList(10L,12L)).iterator();
while (contentsIterator.hasNext()){
ContentsIndex contentsIndex = contentsIterator.next();
System.out.println("id="+contentsIndex.getId()+":"+contentsIndex);
}
}
@Test
public void testDelete (){
contentsIndexRepository.deleteById(15L);
contentsIndexRepository.deleteById(16L);
}
}
4、查詢語法
無論是ElasticsearchTemplate
類還是ElasticsearchRepository
接口,都是對(duì)ES常用的簡單功能進(jìn)行封裝,在實(shí)際使用時(shí),復(fù)雜的查詢語法還是依賴ElasticsearchClient
和原生的API封裝;文章來源:http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-650358.html
這里主要演示七個(gè)查詢方法,主要涉及:ID查詢,字段匹配,組合與范圍查詢,分頁與排序,分組統(tǒng)計(jì),最大值查詢和模糊匹配;更多的查詢API還是要多看文檔中的案例才行;文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-650358.html
public class ElasticsearchClientTest {
@Autowired
private ElasticsearchClient client ;
@Test
public void testSearch1 () throws IOException {
// ID查詢
GetResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.get(
getReq ->getReq.index("contents_index").id("7"), ContentsIndex.class);
if (resp.found()){
ContentsIndex contentsIndex = resp.source() ;
System.out.println("contentsIndex-7:"+contentsIndex);
}
}
@Test
public void testSearch2 () throws IOException {
// 指定字段匹配
SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")
.query(query -> query.match(field -> field
.field("createName").query("張三"))),ContentsIndex.class);
printResp(resp);
}
@Test
public void testSearch3 () throws IOException {
// 組合查詢:姓名和時(shí)間范圍
Query byName = MatchQuery.of(field -> field.field("createName").query("王五"))._toQuery();
Query byTime = RangeQuery.of(field -> field.field("createTime")
.gte(JsonData.of("2023-07-10T00:00:00"))
.lte(JsonData.of("2023-07-12T00:00:00")))._toQuery();
SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")
.query(query -> query.bool(boolQuery -> boolQuery.must(byName).must(byTime))),ContentsIndex.class);
printResp(resp);
}
@Test
public void testSearch4 () throws IOException {
// 排序和分頁,在14條數(shù)據(jù)中,根據(jù)ID倒序排列,從第5條往后取4條數(shù)據(jù)
SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")
.from(5).size(4)
.sort(sort -> sort.field(sortField -> sortField.field("id").order(SortOrder.Desc))),ContentsIndex.class);
printResp(resp);
}
@Test
public void testSearch5 () throws IOException {
// 根據(jù)createId分組統(tǒng)計(jì)
SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")
.aggregations("createIdGroup",agg -> agg.terms(term -> term.field("createId"))),ContentsIndex.class);
Aggregate aggregate = resp.aggregations().get("createIdGroup");
LongTermsAggregate termsAggregate = aggregate.lterms();
Buckets<LongTermsBucket> buckets = termsAggregate.buckets();
for (LongTermsBucket termsBucket : buckets.array()) {
System.out.println(termsBucket.key() + " : " + termsBucket.docCount());
}
}
@Test
public void testSearch6 () throws IOException {
// 查詢最大的ID
SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index")
.aggregations("maxId",agg -> agg.max(field -> field.field("id"))),ContentsIndex.class);
for (Map.Entry<String, Aggregate> entry : resp.aggregations().entrySet()){
System.out.println(entry.getKey()+":"+entry.getValue().max().value());
}
}
@Test
public void testSearch7 () throws IOException {
// 模糊查詢title字段,允許1個(gè)誤差
Query byContent = FuzzyQuery.of(field -> field.field("title").value("設(shè)計(jì)").fuzziness("1"))._toQuery();
SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp = client.search(
searchReq -> searchReq.index("contents_index").query(byContent),ContentsIndex.class);
printResp(resp);
}
private void printResp (SearchResponse<ContentsIndex> resp){
TotalHits total = resp.hits().total();
System.out.println("total:"+total);
List<Hit<ContentsIndex>> hits = resp.hits().hits();
for (Hit<ContentsIndex> hit: hits) {
ContentsIndex contentsIndex = hit.source();
System.out.println(hit.id()+":"+contentsIndex);
}
}
}
五、參考源碼
文檔倉庫:
https://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-java-note
源碼倉庫:
https://gitee.com/cicadasmile/butte-spring-parent
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