學(xué)習(xí)演示項(xiàng)目dodge_the_creeps，發(fā)現(xiàn)里面多了一個(gè)Path2D與PathFollow2D
?研究GDScript代碼發(fā)現(xiàn)，它主要用于隨機(jī)生成Mob
var mob_spawn_location = get_node(^"MobPath/MobSpawnLocation")
mob_spawn_location.progress = randi()
# Set the mob's direction perpendicular to the path direction.
var direction = mob_spawn_location.rotation + PI / 2
# Set the mob's position to a random location.
mob.position = mob_spawn_location.position
# Add some randomness to the direction.
direction += randf_range(-PI / 4, PI / 4)
mob.rotation = direction
# Choose the velocity for the mob.
var velocity = Vector2(randf_range(150.0, 250.0), 0.0)
mob.linear_velocity = velocity.rotated(direction)這個(gè)有這么大的作用，不明覺(jué)厲
但不知道如何下手
查看源碼，有編輯器及類源碼
先從應(yīng)用角度，到B站上找找有沒(méi)有視頻，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)
Godot塔防游戲 - 01 -核心路徑制作 Path2D_嗶哩嗶哩_bilibili
看了之后，就知道使用方法了：
- 添加Path2D
- 在編輯器中設(shè)置路徑各關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)，形成路徑
- 在Path2D下增加PathFollow2D
這就OK了。剩下的就是使用
所謂使用，輸入為PathFollow2D的progress，輸出為路徑上的點(diǎn)信息(position, rotation...)，然后用戶再根據(jù)這些信息去確定相應(yīng)的屬性
比如演示項(xiàng)目中，Path2D定制了一個(gè)外框路徑(左上角 >?右上角 >?右下角 >?左下角 >?左上角)，在生成MOB時(shí)，隨機(jī)指定其下的PathFollow2D的progress值為randi()，即為0 ~ 2^32 - 1的隨機(jī)整數(shù)。因?yàn)槁窂绞怯虚L(zhǎng)度的，本例中為2400，randi()值將按2400取模得到最終的隨機(jī)值0 - 2399，當(dāng)然也可以歸一化，設(shè)置其progress_ratio值為0.0 - 1.0，意思一樣。
查看源碼，set_progress的邏輯不只是取模，還有限制范圍。即PathFollow2D還有一個(gè)Loop屬性，如果Loop為真，才會(huì)取模，為false時(shí)，會(huì)直接限制在路徑長(zhǎng)度范圍內(nèi)?progress = CLAMP(progress, 0, path_length);?之后統(tǒng)一更新_update_transform
void PathFollow2D::set_progress(real_t p_progress) {
ERR_FAIL_COND(!isfinite(p_progress));
progress = p_progress;
if (path) {
if (path->get_curve().is_valid()) {
real_t path_length = path->get_curve()->get_baked_length();
if (loop && path_length) {
progress = Math::fposmod(progress, path_length);
if (!Math::is_zero_approx(p_progress) && Math::is_zero_approx(progress)) {
progress = path_length;
}
} else {
progress = CLAMP(progress, 0, path_length);
}
}
_update_transform();
}
}
void PathFollow2D::_update_transform() {
if (!path) {
return;
}
Ref<Curve2D> c = path->get_curve();
if (!c.is_valid()) {
return;
}
real_t path_length = c->get_baked_length();
if (path_length == 0) {
return;
}
if (rotates) {
Transform2D xform = c->sample_baked_with_rotation(progress, cubic);
xform.translate_local(v_offset, h_offset);
set_rotation(xform[1].angle());
set_position(xform[2]);
} else {
Vector2 pos = c->sample_baked(progress, cubic);
pos.x += h_offset;
pos.y += v_offset;
set_position(pos);
}
}從PathFollow2D代碼來(lái)看，它派生于Node2D，所以具備transform屬性：Position、Rotation、Scale、Skew，對(duì)于路徑上的點(diǎn)使用而言，這些信息就足夠了，能夠確定這些點(diǎn)的位置、方向，其實(shí)就是一個(gè)矢量?
Loop屬性值的含義前面已明確，Rotates、Cubic、H Offsets、V Offsets都是在_update_transform中起作用，具體算法可以不深究。但lookahead沒(méi)找到具體用處，感覺(jué)影響不大。
class PathFollow2D : public Node2D {
GDCLASS(PathFollow2D, Node2D);
public:
private:
Path2D *path = nullptr;
real_t progress = 0.0;
Timer *update_timer = nullptr;
real_t h_offset = 0.0;
real_t v_offset = 0.0;
real_t lookahead = 4.0;
bool cubic = true;
bool loop = true;
bool rotates = true;
void _update_transform();
protected:
void _validate_property(PropertyInfo &p_property) const;
void _notification(int p_what);
static void _bind_methods();
public:
void path_changed();
void set_progress(real_t p_progress);
real_t get_progress() const;
void set_h_offset(real_t p_h_offset);
real_t get_h_offset() const;
void set_v_offset(real_t p_v_offset);
real_t get_v_offset() const;
void set_progress_ratio(real_t p_ratio);
real_t get_progress_ratio() const;
void set_lookahead(real_t p_lookahead);
real_t get_lookahead() const;
void set_loop(bool p_loop);
bool has_loop() const;
void set_rotates(bool p_rotates);
bool is_rotating() const;
void set_cubic_interpolation(bool p_enable);
bool get_cubic_interpolation() const;
PackedStringArray get_configuration_warnings() const override;
PathFollow2D() {}
};
void PathFollow2D::path_changed() {
if (update_timer && !update_timer->is_stopped()) {
update_timer->start();
} else {
_update_transform();
}
}
void PathFollow2D::_update_transform() {
if (!path) {
return;
}
Ref<Curve2D> c = path->get_curve();
if (!c.is_valid()) {
return;
}
real_t path_length = c->get_baked_length();
if (path_length == 0) {
return;
}
if (rotates) {
Transform2D xform = c->sample_baked_with_rotation(progress, cubic);
xform.translate_local(v_offset, h_offset);
set_rotation(xform[1].angle());
set_position(xform[2]);
} else {
Vector2 pos = c->sample_baked(progress, cubic);
pos.x += h_offset;
pos.y += v_offset;
set_position(pos);
}
}
void PathFollow2D::_notification(int p_what) {
switch (p_what) {
case NOTIFICATION_READY: {
if (Engine::get_singleton()->is_editor_hint()) {
update_timer = memnew(Timer);
update_timer->set_wait_time(0.2);
update_timer->set_one_shot(true);
update_timer->connect("timeout", callable_mp(this, &PathFollow2D::_update_transform));
add_child(update_timer, false, Node::INTERNAL_MODE_BACK);
}
} break;
case NOTIFICATION_ENTER_TREE: {
path = Object::cast_to<Path2D>(get_parent());
if (path) {
_update_transform();
}
} break;
case NOTIFICATION_EXIT_TREE: {
path = nullptr;
} break;
}
}
void PathFollow2D::set_cubic_interpolation(bool p_enable) {
cubic = p_enable;
}
bool PathFollow2D::get_cubic_interpolation() const {
return cubic;
}
void PathFollow2D::_validate_property(PropertyInfo &p_property) const {
if (p_property.name == "offset") {
real_t max = 10000.0;
if (path && path->get_curve().is_valid()) {
max = path->get_curve()->get_baked_length();
}
p_property.hint_string = "0," + rtos(max) + ",0.01,or_less,or_greater";
}
}
PackedStringArray PathFollow2D::get_configuration_warnings() const {
PackedStringArray warnings = Node::get_configuration_warnings();
if (is_visible_in_tree() && is_inside_tree()) {
if (!Object::cast_to<Path2D>(get_parent())) {
warnings.push_back(RTR("PathFollow2D only works when set as a child of a Path2D node."));
}
}
return warnings;
}
void PathFollow2D::_bind_methods() {
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_progress", "progress"), &PathFollow2D::set_progress);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_progress"), &PathFollow2D::get_progress);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_h_offset", "h_offset"), &PathFollow2D::set_h_offset);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_h_offset"), &PathFollow2D::get_h_offset);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_v_offset", "v_offset"), &PathFollow2D::set_v_offset);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_v_offset"), &PathFollow2D::get_v_offset);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_progress_ratio", "ratio"), &PathFollow2D::set_progress_ratio);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_progress_ratio"), &PathFollow2D::get_progress_ratio);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_rotates", "enable"), &PathFollow2D::set_rotates);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("is_rotating"), &PathFollow2D::is_rotating);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_cubic_interpolation", "enable"), &PathFollow2D::set_cubic_interpolation);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_cubic_interpolation"), &PathFollow2D::get_cubic_interpolation);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_loop", "loop"), &PathFollow2D::set_loop);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("has_loop"), &PathFollow2D::has_loop);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_lookahead", "lookahead"), &PathFollow2D::set_lookahead);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_lookahead"), &PathFollow2D::get_lookahead);
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "progress", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,10000,0.01,or_less,or_greater,suffix:px"), "set_progress", "get_progress");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "progress_ratio", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0,1,0.0001,or_less,or_greater", PROPERTY_USAGE_EDITOR), "set_progress_ratio", "get_progress_ratio");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "h_offset"), "set_h_offset", "get_h_offset");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "v_offset"), "set_v_offset", "get_v_offset");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "rotates"), "set_rotates", "is_rotating");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "cubic_interp"), "set_cubic_interpolation", "get_cubic_interpolation");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::BOOL, "loop"), "set_loop", "has_loop");
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::FLOAT, "lookahead", PROPERTY_HINT_RANGE, "0.001,1024.0,0.001"), "set_lookahead", "get_lookahead");
}
void PathFollow2D::set_progress(real_t p_progress) {
ERR_FAIL_COND(!isfinite(p_progress));
progress = p_progress;
if (path) {
if (path->get_curve().is_valid()) {
real_t path_length = path->get_curve()->get_baked_length();
if (loop && path_length) {
progress = Math::fposmod(progress, path_length);
if (!Math::is_zero_approx(p_progress) && Math::is_zero_approx(progress)) {
progress = path_length;
}
} else {
progress = CLAMP(progress, 0, path_length);
}
}
_update_transform();
}
}
void PathFollow2D::set_h_offset(real_t p_h_offset) {
h_offset = p_h_offset;
if (path) {
_update_transform();
}
}
real_t PathFollow2D::get_h_offset() const {
return h_offset;
}
void PathFollow2D::set_v_offset(real_t p_v_offset) {
v_offset = p_v_offset;
if (path) {
_update_transform();
}
}
real_t PathFollow2D::get_v_offset() const {
return v_offset;
}
real_t PathFollow2D::get_progress() const {
return progress;
}
void PathFollow2D::set_progress_ratio(real_t p_ratio) {
if (path && path->get_curve().is_valid() && path->get_curve()->get_baked_length()) {
set_progress(p_ratio * path->get_curve()->get_baked_length());
}
}
real_t PathFollow2D::get_progress_ratio() const {
if (path && path->get_curve().is_valid() && path->get_curve()->get_baked_length()) {
return get_progress() / path->get_curve()->get_baked_length();
} else {
return 0;
}
}
void PathFollow2D::set_lookahead(real_t p_lookahead) {
lookahead = p_lookahead;
}
real_t PathFollow2D::get_lookahead() const {
return lookahead;
}
void PathFollow2D::set_rotates(bool p_rotates) {
rotates = p_rotates;
_update_transform();
}
bool PathFollow2D::is_rotating() const {
return rotates;
}
void PathFollow2D::set_loop(bool p_loop) {
loop = p_loop;
}
bool PathFollow2D::has_loop() const {
return loop;
}
從代碼與用途來(lái)看，Path2D就沒(méi)啥看頭了，就負(fù)責(zé)提供一條曲線路徑
class Path2D : public Node2D {
GDCLASS(Path2D, Node2D);
Ref<Curve2D> curve;
void _curve_changed();
protected:
void _notification(int p_what);
static void _bind_methods();
public:
#ifdef TOOLS_ENABLED
virtual Rect2 _edit_get_rect() const override;
virtual bool _edit_use_rect() const override;
virtual bool _edit_is_selected_on_click(const Point2 &p_point, double p_tolerance) const override;
#endif
void set_curve(const Ref<Curve2D> &p_curve);
Ref<Curve2D> get_curve() const;
Path2D() {}
};
#ifdef TOOLS_ENABLED
Rect2 Path2D::_edit_get_rect() const {
if (!curve.is_valid() || curve->get_point_count() == 0) {
return Rect2(0, 0, 0, 0);
}
Rect2 aabb = Rect2(curve->get_point_position(0), Vector2(0, 0));
for (int i = 0; i < curve->get_point_count(); i++) {
for (int j = 0; j <= 8; j++) {
real_t frac = j / 8.0;
Vector2 p = curve->sample(i, frac);
aabb.expand_to(p);
}
}
return aabb;
}
bool Path2D::_edit_use_rect() const {
return curve.is_valid() && curve->get_point_count() != 0;
}
bool Path2D::_edit_is_selected_on_click(const Point2 &p_point, double p_tolerance) const {
if (curve.is_null()) {
return false;
}
for (int i = 0; i < curve->get_point_count(); i++) {
Vector2 s[2];
s[0] = curve->get_point_position(i);
for (int j = 1; j <= 8; j++) {
real_t frac = j / 8.0;
s[1] = curve->sample(i, frac);
Vector2 p = Geometry2D::get_closest_point_to_segment(p_point, s);
if (p.distance_to(p_point) <= p_tolerance) {
return true;
}
s[0] = s[1];
}
}
return false;
}
#endif
void Path2D::_notification(int p_what) {
switch (p_what) {
// Draw the curve if path debugging is enabled.
case NOTIFICATION_DRAW: {
if (!curve.is_valid()) {
break;
}
if (!Engine::get_singleton()->is_editor_hint() && !get_tree()->is_debugging_paths_hint()) {
return;
}
if (curve->get_point_count() < 2) {
return;
}
#ifdef TOOLS_ENABLED
const real_t line_width = get_tree()->get_debug_paths_width() * EDSCALE;
#else
const real_t line_width = get_tree()->get_debug_paths_width();
#endif
real_t interval = 10;
const real_t length = curve->get_baked_length();
if (length > CMP_EPSILON) {
const int sample_count = int(length / interval) + 2;
interval = length / (sample_count - 1); // Recalculate real interval length.
Vector<Transform2D> frames;
frames.resize(sample_count);
{
Transform2D *w = frames.ptrw();
for (int i = 0; i < sample_count; i++) {
w[i] = curve->sample_baked_with_rotation(i * interval, false);
}
}
const Transform2D *r = frames.ptr();
// Draw curve segments
{
PackedVector2Array v2p;
v2p.resize(sample_count);
Vector2 *w = v2p.ptrw();
for (int i = 0; i < sample_count; i++) {
w[i] = r[i].get_origin();
}
draw_polyline(v2p, get_tree()->get_debug_paths_color(), line_width, false);
}
// Draw fish bones
{
PackedVector2Array v2p;
v2p.resize(3);
Vector2 *w = v2p.ptrw();
for (int i = 0; i < sample_count; i++) {
const Vector2 p = r[i].get_origin();
const Vector2 side = r[i].columns[0];
const Vector2 forward = r[i].columns[1];
// Fish Bone.
w[0] = p + (side - forward) * 5;
w[1] = p;
w[2] = p + (-side - forward) * 5;
draw_polyline(v2p, get_tree()->get_debug_paths_color(), line_width * 0.5, false);
}
}
}
} break;
}
}
void Path2D::_curve_changed() {
if (!is_inside_tree()) {
return;
}
if (!Engine::get_singleton()->is_editor_hint() && !get_tree()->is_debugging_paths_hint()) {
return;
}
queue_redraw();
for (int i = 0; i < get_child_count(); i++) {
PathFollow2D *follow = Object::cast_to<PathFollow2D>(get_child(i));
if (follow) {
follow->path_changed();
}
}
}
void Path2D::set_curve(const Ref<Curve2D> &p_curve) {
if (curve.is_valid()) {
curve->disconnect("changed", callable_mp(this, &Path2D::_curve_changed));
}
curve = p_curve;
if (curve.is_valid()) {
curve->connect("changed", callable_mp(this, &Path2D::_curve_changed));
}
_curve_changed();
}
Ref<Curve2D> Path2D::get_curve() const {
return curve;
}
void Path2D::_bind_methods() {
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("set_curve", "curve"), &Path2D::set_curve);
ClassDB::bind_method(D_METHOD("get_curve"), &Path2D::get_curve);
ADD_PROPERTY(PropertyInfo(Variant::OBJECT, "curve", PROPERTY_HINT_RESOURCE_TYPE, "Curve2D", PROPERTY_USAGE_DEFAULT | PROPERTY_USAGE_EDITOR_INSTANTIATE_OBJECT), "set_curve", "get_curve");
}
當(dāng)然，也不是啥用處沒(méi)有，比如動(dòng)態(tài)指定路徑的時(shí)候，就可以設(shè)置一條Curve2D，然后賦給Path2D，后面就照此行事。
比如，該演示項(xiàng)目中，
var curve = Curve2D.new()
curve.add_point(Vector2i(100, 100))
curve.add_point(Vector2i(400, 600))
$MobPath.curve = curve然后，玩家呆在右上角，這就是那些MOB的死角，玩家可以活到把用戶送走
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