微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試

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feign是ribbon +hystrix 的整合
01.新建 sp09-feign 項目
第一步：
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試
第二步：選擇依賴：

pom.xml
需要添加 sp01-commons 依賴：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
	<parent>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
		<version>2.3.1.RELEASE</version>
		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
	</parent>
	<groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
	<artifactId>sp09-feign</artifactId>
	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<name>sp09-feign</name>
	<description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
	<properties>
		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
		<spring-cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring-cloud.version>
	</properties>
	<dependencies>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
			<scope>test</scope>
			<exclusions>
				<exclusion>
					<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
					<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
				</exclusion>
			</exclusions>
		</dependency>
		<dependency>
			<groupId>cn.tedu</groupId>
			<artifactId>sp01-commons</artifactId>
			<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
	<dependencyManagement>
		<dependencies>
			<dependency>
				<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
				<version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
				<type>pom</type>
				<scope>import</scope>
			</dependency>
		</dependencies>
	</dependencyManagement>

	<build>
		<plugins>
			<plugin>
				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
			</plugin>
		</plugins>
	</build>

</project>

第三步：修改sp09-feign項目的application.yml

spring:
  application:
    name: feign
    
server:
  port: 3001
  
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka, http://eureka2:2002/eureka

第四步：sp09-feign的主程序添加 @EnableDiscoveryClient 和 @EnableFeignClients

package cn.tedu.sp09;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@EnableFeignClients
@SpringBootApplication
public class Sp09FeignApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Sp09FeignApplication.class, args);
	}

}

02.feign 聲明式客戶端

feign 利用了我們熟悉的 spring mvc 注解來對接口方法進行設置，降低了我們的學習成本。
通過這些設置,feign可以拼接后臺服務的訪問路徑和提交的參數(shù)

例如：

@GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, @RequestParam Integer score);

當這樣調(diào)用該方法：

service.addScore(7, 100);

那么 feign 會向服務器發(fā)送請求：

http://用戶微服務/7/score?score=100

注意：如果 score 參數(shù)名與變量名不同，需要添加參數(shù)名設置：
@GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, @RequestParam("score") Integer s);

第一步：聲明三個代理接口

微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試
這里的三個Feign類型service接口，就好像是ribbon中的ribbonController（但是沒有注解controller，并不能接受客戶端的request請求，所以只是類似），只是調(diào)用service中的方法。具體方法的實現(xiàn)還是要在原來的service中去完成。
@FeignClient(“item-service”)，中的item-service是在service服務中的application.yml文件中的spring.application.name來確定的

ItemFeignService：

package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@FeignClient("item-service")
public interface ItemFeignService {
	@GetMapping("/{orderId}")
	JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId);

	@PostMapping("/decreaseNumber")
	JsonResult decreaseNumber(@RequestBody List<Item> items);
}

UserFeignService
注意,如果請求參數(shù)名與方法參數(shù)名不同,@RequestParam不能省略,并且要指定請求參數(shù)名:
@RequestParam(“score”) Integer s

package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@FeignClient("user-service")
public interface UserFeignService {
	@GetMapping("/{userId}")
	JsonResult<User> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId);

    // 拼接路徑 /{userId}/score?score=新增積分
	@GetMapping("/{userId}/score") 
	JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, @RequestParam Integer score);
}

OrderFeignService：

package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.FeignClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@FeignClient("order-service")
public interface OrderFeignService {
	@GetMapping("/{orderId}")
	JsonResult<Order> getOrder(@PathVariable String orderId);

	@GetMapping("/")
	JsonResult addOrder();

}

第二步：編寫FeignController，這個是用來接受web請求的，是真正的controller
FeignController：

package cn.tedu.sp09.controller;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.sp09.service.ItemFeignService;
import cn.tedu.sp09.service.OrderFeignService;
import cn.tedu.sp09.service.UserFeignService;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@RestController
public class FeignController {
	@Autowired
	private ItemFeignService itemService;
	@Autowired
	private UserFeignService userService;
	@Autowired
	private OrderFeignService orderService;
	
	@GetMapping("/item-service/{orderId}")
	public JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(@PathVariable String orderId) {
		return itemService.getItems(orderId);
	}

	@PostMapping("/item-service/decreaseNumber")
	public JsonResult decreaseNumber(@RequestBody List<Item> items) {
		return itemService.decreaseNumber(items);
	}

	
	@GetMapping("/user-service/{userId}")
	public JsonResult<User> getUser(@PathVariable Integer userId) {
		return userService.getUser(userId);
	}

	@GetMapping("/user-service/{userId}/score") 
	public JsonResult addScore(@PathVariable Integer userId, Integer score) {
		return userService.addScore(userId, score);
	}
	
	
	@GetMapping("/order-service/{orderId}")
	public JsonResult<Order> getOrder(@PathVariable String orderId) {
		return orderService.getOrder(orderId);
	}

	@GetMapping("/order-service")
	public JsonResult addOrder() {
		return orderService.addOrder();
	}
}

為什么可以直接在@GetMapping(“/order-service”)中直接寫order-service，因為feign有ribbon技術，可以直接調(diào)用服務的服務名
調(diào)用流程
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試
第三步：啟動服務，并訪問測試

http://eureka1:2001
http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

http://localhost:3001/item-service/decreaseNumber
使用postman，POST發(fā)送以下格式數(shù)據(jù)：
[{“id”:1, “name”:“abc”, “number”:23},{“id”:2, “name”:“def”, “number”:11}]

http://localhost:3001/user-service/7

http://localhost:3001/user-service/7/score?score=100

http://localhost:3001/order-service/123abc

http://localhost:3001/order-service/

03.配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試
無需額外配置，feign 默認已啟用了 ribbon 負載均衡和重試機制?？梢酝ㄟ^配置對參數(shù)進行調(diào)整

重試的默認配置參數(shù):
ConnectTimeout=1000
ReadTimeout=1000
MaxAutoRetries=0
MaxAutoRetriesNextServer=1

第一步：可以在sp09-feign 項目的application.yml 配置 ribbon 超時和重試
ribbon.xxx 全局配置
item-service.ribbon.xxx 對特定服務實例的配置

spring:
  application:
    name: feign
    
server:
  port: 3001
  
eureka:
  client:
    service-url:
      defaultZone: http://eureka1:2001/eureka, http://eureka2:2002/eureka
ribbon:
  ConnectTimeout: 1000
  ReadTimeOut: 1000
  MaxAutoRetries: 1
  MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 2
item-service:
  ribbon:
    ConnectTimeout: 1000
    ReadTimeOut: 1000
    MaxAutoRetries: 2
    MaxAutoRetriesNextServer: 1

啟動服務，訪問測試
http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

04.feign + hystrix 降級
feign 啟用 hystrix
第一步：feign 默認沒有啟用 hystrix，添加配置，啟用 hystrix
feign.hystrix.enabled=true
application.yml 添加配置

feign:
  hystrix:
    enabled: true

第二步：降級類
降級類需要實現(xiàn)遠程接口
ItemFeignServiceFB

package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Item;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class ItemFeignServiceFB implements ItemFeignService{

	@Override
	public JsonResult<List<Item>> getItems(String orderId) {
		return JsonResult.err("獲取訂單失敗");
	}

	@Override
	public JsonResult decreaseNumber(List<Item> items) {
		return JsonResult.err("減少庫存失敗");
	}
}

UserFeginServiceFB

package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.User;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class UserFeignServiceFB implements UserFeignService {

	@Override
	public JsonResult<User> getUser(Integer userId) {
		return JsonResult.err("獲取用戶失敗");
	}

	@Override
	public JsonResult addScore(Integer userId, Integer score) {
		return JsonResult.err("增加積分失敗");
	}

}

OrderFeignServiceFB

package cn.tedu.sp09.service;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import cn.tedu.sp01.pojo.Order;
import cn.tedu.web.util.JsonResult;

@Component
public class OrderFeignServiceFB implements OrderFeignService {

	@Override
	public JsonResult<Order> getOrder(String orderId) {
		return JsonResult.err("獲取訂單失敗");
	}

	@Override
	public JsonResult addOrder() {
		return JsonResult.err("保存訂單失敗");
	}

}

第三步：在代理接口（ItemFeignService）中去聲明降級類
遠程調(diào)用失敗, 會執(zhí)行降級類中的代碼，在注解@FeignClient中去添加屬性fallback
ItemFeignService

@FeignClient(name="item-service",fallback = ItemFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface ItemFeignService {

UserFeignService

@FeignClient(name="user-service",fallback = UserFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface UserFeignService {

OrderFeignService

@FeignClient(name="order-service",fallback = OrderFeignServiceFB.class)
public interface OrderFeignService {

04.feign + hystrix 監(jiān)控和熔斷測試
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試第一步：修改sp09-feign項目
pom.xml 添加 hystrix 起步依賴，feign 沒有包含完整的 hystrix 依賴
右鍵點擊項目,編輯起步依賴,添加hystrix依賴
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試

<dependency>
	  <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
	  <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-hystrix</artifactId>
</dependency>

第二步：主程序添加 @EnableCircuitBreaker

package cn.tedu.sp09;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.SpringCloudApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.circuitbreaker.EnableCircuitBreaker;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient;
import org.springframework.cloud.openfeign.EnableFeignClients;

//@EnableCircuitBreaker
//@EnableDiscoveryClient
//@SpringBootApplication
@SpringCloudApplication
@EnableFeignClients
public class Sp09FeignApplication {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		SpringApplication.run(Sp09FeignApplication.class, args);
	}

}

第三步：sp09-feign 配置 actuator，暴露 hystrix.stream 監(jiān)控端點
actuator 依賴
查看pom.xml, 確認已經(jīng)添加了 actuator 依賴

<dependency>
		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
</dependency>

application.yml 暴露 hystrix.stream 端點

management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: hystrix.stream

第四步：啟動服務，查看監(jiān)控端點
http://localhost:3001/actuator
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試
第五步：啟動hystrix dashboard
啟動 hystrix dashboard 服務，填入feign監(jiān)控路徑，開啟監(jiān)控
訪問 http://localhost:4001/hystrix

在其中填入 feign 監(jiān)控路徑:
http://localhost:3001/actuator/hystrix.stream

訪問微服務，以產(chǎn)生監(jiān)控數(shù)據(jù)

http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

http://localhost:3001/user-service/7
http://localhost:3001/user-service/7/score?score=100

http://localhost:3001/order-service/123abc
http://localhost:3001/order-service/
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試
第六步：熔斷測試
用ab工具，以并發(fā)50次，來發(fā)送20000個請求


ab -n 20000 -c 50 http://localhost:3001/item-service/35

斷路器狀態(tài)為 Open，所有請求會被短路，直接降級執(zhí)行fallback方法
微服務springcloud 06.feign框架，配合ribbon 負載均衡和重試，配合hystrix 降級，監(jiān)控和熔斷測試文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-497056.html

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