??Nacas可以用于實(shí)現(xiàn)Spring Cloud Gateway中網(wǎng)關(guān)動(dòng)態(tài)路由功能，也可以基于Nacos來實(shí)現(xiàn)對后端服務(wù)的負(fù)載均衡，前者利用Nacos配置中心功能，后者利用Nacos服務(wù)注冊功能。

接下來我們來看下Gateway集成Nacos實(shí)現(xiàn)負(fù)載均衡的架構(gòu)圖

一. 環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備

1. 版本環(huán)境

• Jdk: <java.version>1.8</java.version>

• SpringBoot: <version>2.4.2</version>

• SpringCloud: <spring.cloud.version>2020.0.1</spring.cloud.version>

• SpringCloudAlibaba: <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>

2. 服務(wù)環(huán)境

• spring-cloud-user-center : 獨(dú)立用戶服務(wù)（2個(gè)）

• spring-cloud-gateway： 獨(dú)立的網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)

二. 實(shí)戰(zhàn)

1. 創(chuàng)建用戶服務(wù)

為了演示請求負(fù)載，將spring-cloud-user-center部署兩份分別開放8005和8006端口

1. 引入相關(guān)依賴

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>

2. yml配置

server:
  port: 8085

spring:
  application:
    name: spring-cloud-user-center
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
        ip: 127.0.0.1
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

3. 編寫測試類

測試類1

/**
 * @author gf
 * @date 2023/2/14
 */
@Slf4j
@RestController
public class UserController {
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public String user(){
        log.info("hello Mr gateway,this is user server");
        return "hello Mr gateway,this is user server";
    }
}

重復(fù)以上1，2步驟重新創(chuàng)建一個(gè)服務(wù)，記得將配置文件中的端口號區(qū)分一下，然后

spring.application.name不變，依舊是spring-cloud-user-center。

測試類2

我們這里為了演示方便只是將之前的訂單服務(wù)改造了一下，可以參考以下鏈接

SpringBoot整合Gateway+Nacos

@Slf4j
@RestController
public class OrderController {


    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public String getOrder(){
        log.info("hello Mr gateway,this is order server");
        return "hello Mr gateway,this is order server";
    }
}

4. 啟動(dòng)類

由于我們要將服務(wù)注冊倒注冊中心，所以我們在以內(nèi)nacos依賴后要在啟動(dòng)類上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解

@EnableDiscoveryClient
@SpringBootApplication
public class SpringCloudUserCenterApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(SpringCloudUserCenterApplication.class, args);
    }

}

2.創(chuàng)建網(wǎng)關(guān)服務(wù)

1. 引入相關(guān)依賴

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.4.2</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.scg</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-cloud-nacos</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>spring-cloud-gateway</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <spring.cloud.version>2020.0.1</spring.cloud.version>
        <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.1</spring-cloud-alibaba.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-gateway</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--得不加上這個(gè)配置，不然會(huì)報(bào)503-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

2. 配置yml文件

server:
  port: 8082
spring:
  application:
    name: gateway_server
  cloud:
    nacos:
      discovery:
        server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848
    gateway:
      discovery:
        locator:
          #開啟從注冊中心動(dòng)態(tài)創(chuàng)建路由的功能，利用微服務(wù)名進(jìn)行路由
          enabled: true
          #開啟小寫驗(yàn)證，默認(rèn)feign根據(jù)服務(wù)名查找都是用的全大寫
          lowerCaseServiceId: true
      routes:
        - id: spring-cloud-user-center
          uri: lb://spring-cloud-user-center
          # 斷言,路徑相匹配的進(jìn)行路由
          predicates:
            - Path=/user-center/**
          filters:
            - StripPrefix=1
management:
  endpoints:
    web:
      exposure:
        include: "*"

3. 測試

nacos可視化界面請參考：SpringCloud Alibaba 之 Nacos注冊中心實(shí)戰(zhàn)

同時(shí)啟動(dòng)三臺服務(wù)，我們可以看到這三者服役已經(jīng)注冊到了nacos注冊中心中

按照我們的配置，訪問http://localhost:8082/user-center/user，查看接口訪問情況

可以看到，調(diào)用了兩次，兩次請求的服務(wù)不同文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-494772.html