Alibaba spring cloud Dubbo使用（基于Zookeeper或者基于Nacos+泛化調(diào)用完整代碼一鍵啟動）

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Quick Start

Dubbo！用更優(yōu)雅的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)RPC調(diào)用吧 - 掘金

dubbo+zookeeper demo

項(xiàng)目結(jié)構(gòu)：

dubbo nacos服務(wù)啟動,后端開發(fā),Java,spring&springboot&springcloud,spring cloud,dubbo,zookeeper

RpcService

僅僅是提供服務(wù)的接口：

public interface HelloService {
    String sayHello(String name);
}

DubboServer

pom：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>DubboServer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>DubboServer</name>
    <description>DubboServer</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Context Extras -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.spring</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.12</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>RpcService</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <!-- 這是個編譯java代碼的 -->
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>compile</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>compile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

DubboServerApplication:

package com.example.dubboserver;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo(scanBasePackages = {"com.example.dubboserver"})
public class DubboServerApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DubboServerApplication.class, args);
    }

}

HelloServiceImpl實(shí)現(xiàn)dubbo服務(wù)：

package com.example.dubboserver;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Service;
import com.example.rpcservice.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Service
public class HelloServiceImpl implements HelloService {
    @Override
    public String sayHello(String name) {
        return "hello " + name + "!";
    }
}

配置文件application.yaml:

dubbo:
  application:
    name: example-provider
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://43.143.229.22:2181
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
    port: 20880

zookeeper是我的一臺云服務(wù)器，zookeeper需要先部署好。

DubboClient

pom文件與Server相似：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.5</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>DubboClient</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>DubboClient</name>
    <description>DubboClient</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>8</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>RpcService</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>0.2.0</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- Dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>dubbo</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- Spring Context Extras -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.spring</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>1.0.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.zookeeper</groupId>
            <artifactId>zookeeper</artifactId>
            <version>3.4.12</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

DubboClientApplication：

package com.example.dubboclient;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.spring.context.annotation.EnableDubbo;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableDubbo(scanBasePackages = {"com.example.dubboclient"})
public class DubboClientApplication {

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(DubboClientApplication.class, args);
    }

}

RpcService:

package com.example.dubboclient;

import com.alibaba.dubbo.config.annotation.Reference;
import com.example.rpcservice.HelloService;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

@Service
public class RpcService {
    @Reference
    private HelloService helloService;

    public String getHelloServiceResponse(String name) {
        return helloService.sayHello(name);
    }
}

通過Reference注解標(biāo)識這是一個dubbo服務(wù)接口。

TriggerController：（通過get方法觸發(fā)dubbo調(diào)用，debug用）

package com.example.dubboclient;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/demo/dubbo")
public class TriggerController {
    @Autowired
    private RpcService rpcService;

    @GetMapping("/{name}")
    public String getTime(@PathVariable("name") String name) {
        return rpcService.getHelloServiceResponse(name);
    }

}

配置文件：

server:
  port: 8081
dubbo:
  application:
    name: example-consumer
  registry:
    address: zookeeper://43.143.229.22:2181
    client: curator
  protocol:
    name: dubbo
  server: false
  consumer:
    timeout: 3000

dubbo使用nacos作為注冊中心

dubbo也可以用nacos作為注冊中心。使用docker一鍵啟動nacos2: docker run --name nacos-quick -e MODE=standalone -p 8848:8848 -p 9848:9848 -p 9849:9849 -d nacos/nacos-server:2.0.2 ,如果是部署在云服務(wù)器上的話記得防火墻暴露接口。

client和server的代碼與上面zookeeper的一致，但是依賴和配置換了，依賴采用alibaba-spring-cloud來提供。這里我為了方便沒有創(chuàng)建父項(xiàng)目寫dependencyManagement，而是直接在子項(xiàng)目寫來管理包版本，這種做法不是很規(guī)范。

Server

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.3</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>DubboServer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>DubboServer</name>
    <description>DubboServer</description>
    <properties>
        <spring-cloud-clibaba.version>2021.0.1.0</spring-cloud-clibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- spring cloud 版本控制 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring cloud alibaba 版本控制 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-clibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- nacos 配置 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>RpcService</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
            <plugin>
                <!-- 這是個編譯java代碼的 -->
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.2</version>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.8</source>
                    <target>1.8</target>
                    <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <phase>compile</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>compile</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yaml:

spring:
  main:
    # spring boot 2.6.3默認(rèn)不允許循環(huán)依賴, dubbo的這個版本存在循環(huán)依賴
    allow-circular-references: true
  application:
    name: demo-server
  cloud:
    nacos:
      config:
        enable: false
      discovery:
        server-addr: 123.56.98.228:8848
        namespace: public

dubbo:
  consumer:
    retries: 5
  protocol:
    port: -1
    name: dubbo
  scan:
    # 掃描實(shí)現(xiàn)類的包路徑(可配置多個或數(shù)組)
    base-packages: com.example.dubboserver # 更改為自己dubbo實(shí)現(xiàn)類的路徑
  registry:
    address: nacos://${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.server-addr}?namespace=${spring.cloud.nacos.discovery.namespace}
  cloud:
    # 默認(rèn)*訂閱所有, 所以在此處寫一個不存在的提供者
    # (可訂閱多個用,隔開或者用數(shù)組的配置方式 -: name)
    subscribed-services: "-"

client

pom.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.6.3</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
        <artifactId>DubboClient</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
        <name>DubboClient</name>
    <description>DubboClient</description>

    <properties>
        <spring-cloud-clibaba.version>2021.0.1.0</spring-cloud-clibaba.version>
        <spring-cloud.version>2021.0.1</spring-cloud.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencyManagement>
        <dependencies>
            <!-- spring cloud 版本控制 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
            <!-- spring cloud alibaba 版本控制 -->
            <dependency>
                <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId>
                <version>${spring-cloud-clibaba.version}</version>
                <type>pom</type>
                <scope>import</scope>
            </dependency>
        </dependencies>
    </dependencyManagement>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.example</groupId>
            <artifactId>RpcService</artifactId>
            <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
            <scope>compile</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- nacos 配置 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-config</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!-- dubbo -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-dubbo</artifactId>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>

        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

application.yaml:

spring:
  main:
    # spring boot 2.6.3默認(rèn)不允許循環(huán)依賴, dubbo的這個版本存在循環(huán)依賴
    allow-circular-references: true
  application:
    name: demo-client
  cloud:
    nacos:
      config:
        enable: false
      discovery:
        server-addr: 123.56.98.228:8848
        namespace: public

dubbo:
  consumer:
    retries: 5
  protocol:
    port: -1
    name: dubbo # 協(xié)議名稱

測試

先上nacos看看服務(wù) ip:8848/nacos：

dubbo nacos服務(wù)啟動,后端開發(fā),Java,spring&springboot&springcloud,spring cloud,dubbo,zookeeper

其中有一個是dubbo自己的服務(wù)，剩下三個一個是client應(yīng)用，一個是server應(yīng)用，一個是暴露的RpcService服務(wù)。

瀏覽器輸入：http://localhost:8080/demo/dubbo/dsasdfaasdf

響應(yīng)：

dubbo nacos服務(wù)啟動,后端開發(fā),Java,spring&springboot&springcloud,spring cloud,dubbo,zookeeper

沒啥問題。

dubbo泛化調(diào)用

dubbo泛化調(diào)用即在調(diào)用方不引入服務(wù)方接口包的情況下直接調(diào)用服務(wù)接口。

適用場景：

比如你做了一個網(wǎng)關(guān)項(xiàng)目，網(wǎng)關(guān)需要調(diào)用后端的多個服務(wù)的多個接口，這些接口假如都是dubbo，網(wǎng)關(guān)需要引入所有服務(wù)的接口包才能調(diào)用，這顯然不太合理，網(wǎng)關(guān)的代碼應(yīng)該和后端服務(wù)解耦。

那如何實(shí)現(xiàn)泛化調(diào)用呢？

服務(wù)方不需要更改配置。
調(diào)用方更改rpc調(diào)用的代碼。

不使用泛化調(diào)用的代碼：

@Service
public class RpcService {
    @Reference
    private HelloService helloService; // 普通調(diào)用

    public String getHelloServiceResponse(String name) {
        return helloService.sayHello(name); // 普通調(diào)用
    }
}

改為泛化調(diào)用：

@Service
public class RpcService {

    @DubboReference(interfaceName = "com.example.rpcservice.HelloService", generic = true)
    private GenericService genericService;

    public String getHelloServiceResponse(String name) {
        Object res = genericService.$invoke("sayHello" , new String[]{"java.lang.String"},
                new Object[]{name});
        return (String) res;
    }
}

可以看到將原本的具體的Service接口改為了GenericService， @DubboReference中寫明了調(diào)用的接口全限定名稱，并且generic打開為true。

至此完成泛化調(diào)用改動，還是挺簡單的。文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-850615.html

到了這里，關(guān)于Alibaba spring cloud Dubbo使用（基于Zookeeper或者基于Nacos+泛化調(diào)用完整代碼一鍵啟動）的文章就介紹完了。如果您還想了解更多內(nèi)容，請?jiān)谟疑辖撬阉鱐OY模板網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板網(wǎng)！