在需要權(quán)限控制的頁(yè)面，往往存在根據(jù)用戶來(lái)顯示菜單的情況，單獨(dú)根據(jù)用戶類型判斷顯然不是很好，如果后面用戶類型發(fā)生變化，項(xiàng)目修改維護(hù)可能就會(huì)比較麻煩，所以比較好的做法是根據(jù)后端返回的菜單動(dòng)態(tài)生成頁(yè)面路由，以達(dá)到完全權(quán)限控制的目的，并且若權(quán)限發(fā)生變化，僅需該配置數(shù)據(jù)即可
1.創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目
首先用vue-cli3創(chuàng)建好項(xiàng)目
2.新建文件
創(chuàng)建好項(xiàng)目后，新建我們需要的文件。結(jié)構(gòu)如圖
在這里插入圖片描述文章來(lái)源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-847019.html
下載相關(guān)依賴包 ：element-ui（菜單樣式用） 和 axios（獲取菜單用）
npm i element-ui axios --save
3.到main.js中
import Vue from 'vue'
import App from './App.vue'
import router from './router'
import elementUi from 'element-ui'
import 'element-ui/lib/theme-chalk/index.css'
Vue.use(elementUi)
Vue.config.productionTip = false
new Vue({
router,
render: h => h(App)
}).$mount('#app')
4.先把菜單組件寫(xiě)好，到menu.vue中
這里使用element-ui的el-menu組件
<template>
<div class="menulist-inner">
<el-menu
default-active="/project"
:default-openeds="openedMenu"
background-color="rgba(44,55,71,1)"
text-color="#A7BAC6"
active-text-color="#FFFFFF"
@select="select"
unique-opened
@open="open">
<el-submenu :index="menu.path" v-for="(menu,index) in menus" :key="index">
<template #title>
<div class="menuTitlBox">
<div class="rowBtween menuTitle">
<div class="rowStart">
<div class="iconBox" style="margin-right:10px;">
<i v-if="/icon/.test(menu.icon)" class="iconfont" :class="menu.icon" style="
color:#A7BAC6;font-size:16px;"></i>
</div>
<span class="font16" :class="{whiteText:(!menu.children || !menu.children.length) && new RegExp(menu.path).test($route.path)}">{{menu.label}}</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="firstMenuBk" v-if="(!menu.children || !menu.children.length) && new RegExp(menu.path).test($route.path)"></div>
</div>
</template>
<div class="menuItemBox rowEnd"
v-for="(cMenu,cIndex) in menu.children"
:key="cIndex"
:class="{activeMenu:RegExp(cMenu.path).test($route.path)}"
@click="select(cMenu)"
>
<span class="rowStart font14">{{cMenu.label}}</span>
</div>
</el-submenu>
</el-menu>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {mapState}from 'vuex'
export default {
name: "Menu",
data() {
return{
menuMinHeight:0,//
openedMenu:[],//展開(kāi)的菜單
}
},
computed:{
...mapState(['menus'])
},
created(){
let pathArr=this.$route.path.split('/')
this.openedMenu=[`/${pathArr[1]}`]
},
async mounted() {
},
methods: {
//中菜單
select(cMenu){
// console.log(cMenu)
let {routeName}=cMenu
this.$router.push({
name:routeName
})
},
//菜單展開(kāi)
open(index,indexPath){
// console.log(indexPath)
this.openedMenu=indexPath
let menu=this.menus.filter(item=>item.path===index)
// console.log(menu)
let routeMenuInfo={}
let time=0
if(!menu[0] || !menu[0].children || !menu[0].children.length){
routeMenuInfo=menu[0]
}else{
routeMenuInfo=menu[0].children[0]
time=500
}
let {path,}=routeMenuInfo
// console.log(path)
setTimeout(()=>{
this.$router.push(path)
},time)
},
}
}
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.menulist-inner{
min-height:calc(100vh - 50px);
.menuItemBox{
height:36px;
&:hover{
background:rgba(62,70,120,.4);
&>span{
color: #fff;
}
}
span{
color:#ffffff;
flex-wrap:nowrap;
width:150px;
cursor:pointer;
}
}
.activeMenu{
background:rgba(62,70,120,1);
}
}
.menuTitlBox{
.menuTitle{
position: relative;
z-index: 10;
}
.firstMenuBk{
position: absolute;
left:0;
top:50%;
width:200px;
height:56px;
background:#3e4678;
-webkit-transform: translateY(-50%);
-moz-transform: translateY(-50%);
-ms-transform: translateY(-50%);
-o-transform: translateY(-50%);
transform: translateY(-50%);
}
.whiteText{
color:#ffffff;
}
}
</style>
<style>
.el-submenu{
position: relative;
}
.el-menu{
border:none !important;
}
.el-submenu__icon-arrow{
width:0;
height:0;
color:transparent;
}
.el-submenu__icon-arrow:before{
content:'' !important;
}
.el-submenu__icon-arrow:before{
content:'' !important;
}
.el-submenu__title{
background:rgba(44,55,71,1) !important;
margin-bottom:5px;
height:46px !important;
line-height: 46px !important;
}
.el-menu.el-menu--inline{
background-color: rgba(0,0,0,.2) !important;
}
.menulist-inner .menuItemBox.rowEnd span{
color: #A7BAC6;
}
.menulist-inner .menuItemBox.rowEnd.activeMenu span{
color: #fff;
}
</style>
5.注冊(cè)全局組件
將menu組件注冊(cè)為全局組件，方便需要的地方直接引入
到global-components.js文件中
/*
全局組件引入注冊(cè)
*/
import Menu from "../global-components/menu" //菜單
export default {
install(Vue) {
Vue.component('Menu',Menu)
}
};
6.到router文件夾寫(xiě)好路由模塊
6.1 base-router.js中寫(xiě)好我們需要的固定的路由
/**
* 頁(yè)面上固定路由
*/
import Layout from '../views/layout/layout'
import Login from '../views/login/login'
import Loading from '../views/loading/loading'
const routes = [
{
path: '/',
redirect: '/loading',
},
{
path: '/layout',
component:Layout,
redirect: '/loading',
},
{
path: '/login',
name: 'Login',
component: Login
},
{
path: '/loading',
name: 'Loading',
component: Loading
},
]
export default routes
6.2 lm-router.js中寫(xiě)動(dòng)態(tài)配置路由的方法
import {setUserRoutesData} from "../utils/global-methods";
const RouterPlugin = function() {
this.$router = null
this.$store = null
}
RouterPlugin.install = function(router, store) {
this.$router = router
this.$store = store
this.$router.$lmRouter = {
// 全局配置
safe: this,
// 動(dòng)態(tài)路由
formatRoutes:function (routes) {
let routers=setUserRoutesData(routes)
this.safe.$router.addRoutes(routers)
return routers
}
}
}
export default RouterPlugin
6.3 index.js中寫(xiě)路由入口
import Vue from 'vue'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import baseRoutes from './base-router'
import store from '../store'
import LmRouter from './lm-router'
Vue.use(VueRouter)
const createRouter = () => {
return new VueRouter({
scrollBehavior (to, from, savedPosition) {
if (savedPosition) {
return savedPosition
} else {
return {
x: 0,
y: to.meta.savedPosition || 0
}
}
},
routes: [...baseRoutes],
mode:'history',//
})
}
let router = createRouter()
/**
resetRouter函數(shù)用于重置路由，每一次動(dòng)態(tài)配置路由之前要先重置路由
**/
export function resetRouter() {
const newRouter = createRouter()
router.matcher = newRouter.matcher // reset router
LmRouter.install(router, store)
}
/**
當(dāng)用戶刷新頁(yè)面時(shí)，路由數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)丟失，如果已經(jīng)登錄，需要重新渲染路由。渲染的路由數(shù)據(jù)在登錄時(shí)存在瀏覽器本地
**/
if(sessionStorage.getItem('hasLogin')){
let sessionMenus=localStorage.getItem('menus')
sessionMenus=sessionMenus ? JSON.parse(sessionMenus) : []
let sessionRoutes=localStorage.getItem('userRoutes')
LmRouter.install(router, store)
sessionRoutes=sessionRoutes ? JSON.parse(sessionRoutes) : []
router.$lmRouter.formatRoutes(sessionRoutes, true)
store.dispatch('setUserRoutes',sessionRoutes)
store.dispatch('setMenus',sessionMenus)
}
router.beforeEach((to, from, next) => {
let hasLogin = sessionStorage.getItem('hasLogin')
// console.log(to, from)
if(to.name===from.name){
return
}
console.log(hasLogin)
if(to.name==='Login'){
sessionStorage.clear()
localStorage.clear()
store.state.userRoutes=[]
store.state.menus=[]
next({replace:true})
resetRouter()
return
}
if (!hasLogin) {
next({path: '/login',replace:true})
return
}
next()
})
/**
* 解決element-ui點(diǎn)擊同一個(gè)菜單報(bào)錯(cuò)
* @type {VueRouter.push|*}
*/
const originalPush = VueRouter.prototype.push
VueRouter.prototype.push = function push(location) {
return originalPush.call(this, location).catch(err => err)
}
export default router
7.容器頁(yè)和加載頁(yè)
大部分有二級(jí)菜單的頁(yè)面，父級(jí)頁(yè)面通常只需要路由跳轉(zhuǎn)功能，代碼一致，為了精簡(jiǎn)代碼，我們新建通用的路由容器頁(yè)面layout.vue，二級(jí)菜單路由頁(yè)面經(jīng)layout頁(yè)面跳轉(zhuǎn)
為避免用戶在瀏覽器直接輸入、粘貼路徑時(shí)，或者直接訪問(wèn)頁(yè)面根路徑時(shí)找不到路由（因?yàn)橛脩艨赡芤呀?jīng)登錄了，但這是沒(méi)有已經(jīng)登錄界面），我們新建loading.vue，當(dāng)用戶粘貼路徑，或者訪問(wèn)根路徑時(shí)，在loading.vue中渲染路由
7.1 layout.vue
<!--Layout-->
<template>
<div>
<header class="header">頭部</header>
<div class="main">
<div class="aside">
<Menu/>
</div>
<div class="mainRight columnStart">
<router-view></router-view>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
name: 'Layout',
}
</script>
7.2 loading.vue
<!--加載頁(yè)面-->
<template>
<div class="loadingBox">
<div class="loadingContentbox columnCenter">
<i class="el-icon-loading gray999"></i>
<div class="gray999 font16">頁(yè)面加載中...</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {reqUserRoutes} from "../../api/common";
import {setUserRoutesData,getAndFilterMenus,} from "../../utils/global-methods";
export default {
name: 'Loading',
data() {
return {}
},
computed: {},
created(){
let hasLogin = sessionStorage.getItem('hasLogin')
if(!hasLogin){
this.$router.replace('/login')
}else{
let menus=localStorage.getItem('menus')
let userRoutes=localStorage.getItem('userRoutes')
userRoutes=userRoutes ? JSON.parse(userRoutes) : []
menus=menus ? JSON.parse(menus) : []
if(!menus.length || !userRoutes.length){
this.getMenuRoutes()
return
}
let userInfo=getUserInfoFromLocalStorage()
this.$store.dispatch('setUserInfo',userInfo)
let {permissions=[]}=userInfo
this.$store.dispatch('setPermissions',permissions)
this.$router.replace((userRoutes[0] && userRoutes[0].path) ? userRoutes[0].path : '/404')
}
},
methods: {
//獲取菜單和路由
async getMenuRoutes(){
let userRoutes=await reqUserRoutes()
console.log(userRoutes)
let menus=getAndFilterMenus(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(userRoutes)))
if(!menus.length){
this.$router.replace('/login')
return
}
localStorage.setItem('userRoutes',JSON.stringify(userRoutes))
localStorage.setItem('menus',JSON.stringify(menus))
userRoutes=setUserRoutesData([...userRoutes])
this.$store.dispatch('setUserRoutes',userRoutes)
this.$store.dispatch('setMenus',menus)
this.$router.addRoutes([...userRoutes])
this.$router.replace((userRoutes[0] && userRoutes[0].path) ? userRoutes[0].path : '/404')
}
},
}
</script>
<style scoped lang="scss">
.loadingBox{
.loadingContentbox{
position: absolute;
left:50%;
top:50%;
-webkit-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
-moz-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
-ms-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
-o-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
.el-icon-loading{
font-size: 40px;
margin-bottom:10px;
}
}
}
</style>
8.寫(xiě)篩選菜單和路由的方法
到utils，global-methods.js中寫(xiě)菜單篩選和路由數(shù)據(jù)方法
首先我們假設(shè)后端返回的數(shù)據(jù)為如下結(jié)構(gòu)（僅列出關(guān)鍵字段）
[
{
label:'人員管理',
path:'/person',
isLeftMenu:1,
routeName:'Person',
isContainer:1,
children:[
{
label:'人員列表',
path:'/person/person-list',
routeName:'PersonList',
isLeftMenu:1,
component:'/person/person-list',
},
{
label:'新增人員',
path:'/person/person-add',
routeName:'PersonAdd',
component:'/person/person-add',
isLeftMenu:0
}
]
},
{
label:'訂單管理',
path:'/order',
isLeftMenu:1,
routeName:'Order',
component:'/order/order',
isContainer:0,
}
]
其中 label 為菜單顯示標(biāo)題，path 是路由路徑，isLeftMenu用于區(qū)分是否為菜單，這里isLeftMenu=1表示是菜單，routeName路由名,isContainer用于區(qū)分路由是否經(jīng)過(guò)容器組件layout，這里isContainer=1表示使用layout容器,component用于指定組件引入的路徑
根據(jù)上面的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)，我們新建好對(duì)應(yīng)得vue文件
結(jié)構(gòu)如下圖：
在這里插入圖片描述
// 公共函數(shù)模塊,用import引用
// 根據(jù)日期時(shí)間值獲取字符串各是日期
import Layout from '../views/layout/layout'
//獲取并篩選菜單
export const getAndFilterMenus=(menus)=> {
// console.log(menus)
menus=hanldeChildAppRoute(menus)
for(let i=0;i<menus.length;i++){
delete menus[i].component
//只有l(wèi)eLeftMeu=1的是菜單
if(!parseInt(menus[i].isLeftMenu)){
menus.splice(i,1)
i--
}
if(menus[i] && menus[i].children){
getAndFilterMenus(menus[i].children)
}
}
return menus
}
//處理用戶路由數(shù)據(jù)
export const setUserRoutesData=(routes,isChild)=>{
// console.log(routes)
!isChild && (routes=hanldeChildAppRoute(routes))
for(let i=0;i<routes.length;i++){
let {component,isContainer,routeName,keepAlive}=routes[i]
// console.log(routes[i])
//如果指定使用路由容器組件layout，即isContainer=1，那么路由的component值就是Layout組件
if(parseInt(isContainer)){
routes[i].component=Layout
}else{
//不使用容器組件的，根據(jù)component用Import動(dòng)態(tài)引入
routes[i].component= () => import( `../views${component}`)
}
routes[i].name=routeName
/**
如果有子路由，那就用遞歸繼續(xù)生成路由
**/
if((routes[i].children instanceof Array) && routes[i].children.length){
setUserRoutesData(routes[i].children,isChild)
}
}
return routes
}
9. 登錄成功后生成路由
最后看下登錄頁(yè)，我們將在登錄成功后獲取菜單數(shù)據(jù)，然后動(dòng)態(tài)生成頁(yè)面路由，并且通過(guò)Vue路由的addRoutes方法將路由添加到VueRouter中文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-847019.html
<template>
<div class="login-wrap">
<div class="loginContent">
<div class="rowBtween loginFormBox">
<el-form :model="loginForm" :rules="rules" ref="loginForm" class="loginForm">
<el-row class="loginTitleBox">
<span class="loginTitle font20">登錄/Login</span>
</el-row>
<el-row>
<lm-form-item-col :span="24" v-model.number="loginForm.username" prefix-icon="el-icon-user" placeholder="請(qǐng)輸入用戶名" prop="username" width="300"/>
</el-row>
<el-row>
<lm-form-item-col :span="24" type="password" v-model="loginForm.password" prefix-icon="el-icon-lock" placeholder="請(qǐng)輸入登錄密碼" prop="password" width="300"/>
</el-row>
<div class="rowCenter loginBtnBox" >
<div class="loginBtn rowCenter font16" @click="submitForm">
<span>登錄</span>
<div v-if="showLoading">
<span>中</span>
<i class="el-icon-loading"></i>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</el-form>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</template>
<script>
import {mapState} from 'vuex'
import axios from 'axios'
import {reqUserRoutes} from "../../api/common";
import {setUserRoutesData,getAndFilterMenus,} from "../../utils/global-methods";
import {resetRouter} from '../../router'
import baseRoutes from '../../router/base-router'
export default {
data() {
return {
loginForm: {},
rules: {
username: [ { required: true, message: '請(qǐng)輸入用戶名', trigger: 'blur' } ],
password: [ { required: true, message: '請(qǐng)輸入密碼', trigger: 'blur' }, ],
},//規(guī)則
showLoading:false,//是否顯示加載
}
},
methods: {
//登錄
async submitForm() {
sessionStorage.clear()//清除所有緩存
localStorage.clear()
await this.$refs.loginForm.validate()
this.showLoading=true
axios({
url:`/login`,
method:'POST',
data:this.loginForm
}).then(async response=>{
console.log(response)
if(response){
let userRoutes=await reqUserRoutes()
localStorage.setItem(userRoutes,JSON.stringify(userRoutes))
userRoutes=setUserRoutesData(JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(userRoutes)))
console.log(userRoutes)
this.$store.dispatch('setUserRoutes',JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(userRoutes)))
let menus=getAndFilterMenus([...baseRoutes,...JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(userRoutes))])
localStorage.setItem(menus,JSON.stringify(menus))
//重置路由
resetRouter()
// console.log(router)
//通過(guò)addRoutes方法添加路由
this.$router.addRoutes([...userRoutes])
// console.log(router)
將菜單存到vuex
this.$store.dispatch('setMenus',menus)
if(!menus.length || !userRoutes.length){
return
}
setTimeout(()=>{
router.replace(path)
},500)
}
}).catch(error=>{
console.error(error)
this.showLoading=false
})
},
},
};
</script>
<style lang="scss" scoped>
.login-wrap{
position: relative;
background:#111111;
height:100vh;
overflow: hidden;
.loginContent{
.loginFormBox{
position: absolute;
left:50%;
top:50%;
-webkit-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
-moz-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
-ms-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
-o-transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
transform: translate(-50%,-50%);
.loginForm{
width:300px;
padding:20px;
.loginTitleBox{
margin-bottom:36px;
.loginTitle{
color:#ffffff;
}
}
.loginBtnBox{
width:100%;
margin-top:5vh;
.loginBtn{
width:100%;
height:40px;
background:linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(15,70,193,1),rgba(0,147,168,1));
border-radius:4px;
color:#ffffff;
cursor:pointer;
}
}
}
}
}
}
</style>
<style>
.login-wrap .el-input{
border-bottom: 1px solid;
border-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(1,233,189,1) 0%,rgba(0,124,222,1) 100%) 30 30;
border-image: -moz-linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(1,233,189,1) 0%,rgba(0,124,222,1) 100%) 30 30;
border-image: linear-gradient(90deg,rgba(1,233,189,1) 0%,rgba(0,124,222,1) 100%) 30 30;
}
.login-wrap .el-input__inner{
background:transparent;
-webkit-border-radius: 0;
-moz-border-radius: 0;
border-radius: 0;
border:none;
color:#ffffff;
}
.login-wrap .el-input-group__append{
padding:0 !important;
border:none !important;
background:transparent !important;
}
</style>
到了這里，關(guān)于前端之vue 根據(jù)菜單自動(dòng)生成路由（動(dòng)態(tài)配置前端路由）的文章就介紹完了。如果您還想了解更多內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)?jiān)谟疑辖撬阉鱐OY模板網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板網(wǎng)！
