安裝Oracle Database 19c 的 VagrantBox ，非常順利，耗時(shí)如下：

real    30m36.783s
user    0m0.000s
sys     0m0.047s

前面一切順利，但是vagrant ssh和vagrant putty均不能登錄虛機(jī)。我的環(huán)境是Windows 11，Vagrant 2.4和VirtualBox 7.0。

這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤肯定是和ssh相關(guān)的，以下命令顯示了vagrant中ssh的配置。其中IdentityFile就是私鑰文件：

$ vagrant ssh-config
Host oracle-19c-vagrant
  HostName 127.0.0.1
  User vagrant
  Port 2222
  UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null
  StrictHostKeyChecking no
  PasswordAuthentication no
  IdentityFile C:/Users/****/Desktop/WORKSPACE/vagrant-projects/OracleDatabase/19.3.0/.vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/private_key
  IdentitiesOnly yes
  LogLevel FATAL
  PubkeyAcceptedKeyTypes +ssh-rsa
  HostKeyAlgorithms +ssh-rsa

利用上面的信息，就可以用ssh直接登錄來(lái)測(cè)試了。

vagrant ssh不能登錄虛機(jī)

$ vagrant ssh
vagrant@127.0.0.1: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic).

沒(méi)有權(quán)限這個(gè)報(bào)錯(cuò)真是太抽象了，誤導(dǎo)了我很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。

如果用ssh直接登錄，錯(cuò)誤類似，但會(huì)多一個(gè)Load key的信息：

$ ssh -l vagrant -p 2222 -i "C:/Users/XiaoYu/Desktop/WORKSPACE/vagrant-projects/OracleDatabase/19.3.0/.vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/private_key" 127.0.0.1
The authenticity of host '[127.0.0.1]:2222 ([127.0.0.1]:2222)' can't be established.
ED25519 key fingerprint is SHA256:WnMw/1XuV9GuqSxZfkP239KEN4bVrONP61AtVVzqvk0.
This key is not known by any other names.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes
Warning: Permanently added '[127.0.0.1]:2222' (ED25519) to the list of known hosts.
Load key "C:/Users/XiaoYu/Desktop/WORKSPACE/vagrant-projects/OracleDatabase/19.3.0/.vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/private_key": error in libcrypto
vagrant@127.0.0.1: Permission denied (publickey,gssapi-keyex,gssapi-with-mic).

最終是這個(gè)帖子提供了解決方法，原因是私鑰文件的格式不對(duì)。

I would double check that your private key secret has a newline character at the end of the file, because for some reason libcrypto requires it to be a “valid format”

因?yàn)槲沂窃趃itbash下運(yùn)行vagrant ssh命令的，gitbash需要Linux格式的密鑰文件，而此時(shí)的秘鑰文件為DOS格式。因此，用gitbash下提供dos2unix命令轉(zhuǎn)換就好：

$ dos2unix.exe C:/Users/XiaoYu/Desktop/WORKSPACE/vagrant-projects/OracleDatabase/19.3.0/.vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/private_key
dos2unix: converting file C:/Users/XiaoYu/Desktop/WORKSPACE/vagrant-projects/OracleDatabase/19.3.0/.vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/private_key to Unix format...

如果你用vi查看文件，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)底部有dos的顯示，轉(zhuǎn)換后就變?yōu)閡nix了：

以下是成功的登錄：

$ vagrant ssh
Last login: Wed Jan 10 21:01:16 2024 from 10.0.2.2

Welcome to Oracle Linux Server release 7.9 (GNU/Linux 5.4.17-2136.325.5.el7uek.x86_64)

The Oracle Linux End-User License Agreement can be viewed here:

  * /usr/share/eula/eula.en_US

For additional packages, updates, documentation and community help, see:

  * https://yum.oracle.com/

[vagrant@oracle-19c-vagrant ~]$

vagrant putty 不能登錄虛機(jī)

錯(cuò)誤如下：

$ vagrant putty
C:/Users/XiaoYu/.vagrant.d/gems/3.1.3/gems/vagrant-multi-putty-1.6.0/lib/vagrant-multi-putty/command.rb:114:in `read': Could not parse PKey: unsupported (OpenSSL::PKey::PKeyError)
        from C:/Users/XiaoYu/.vagrant.d/gems/3.1.3/gems/vagrant-multi-putty-1.6.0/lib/vagrant-multi-putty/command.rb:114:in `block in get_putty_key_file'
        from <internal:kernel>:90:in `tap'
        from C:/Users/XiaoYu/.vagrant.d/gems/3.1.3/gems/vagrant-multi-putty-1.6.0/lib/vagrant-multi-putty/command.rb:112:in `get_putty_key_file'
        from C:/Users/XiaoYu/.vagrant.d/gems/3.1.3/gems/vagrant-multi-putty-1.6.0/lib/vagrant-multi-putty/command.rb:94:in `putty_connect'
        from C:/Users/XiaoYu/.vagrant.d/gems/3.1.3/gems/vagrant-multi-putty-1.6.0/lib/vagrant-multi-putty/command.rb:53:in `block in execute'
        from C:/Program Files/Vagrant/embedded/gems/gems/vagrant-2.4.0/lib/vagrant/plugin/v2/command.rb:249:in `block in with_target_vms'
        from C:/Program Files/Vagrant/embedded/gems/gems/vagrant-2.4.0/lib/vagrant/plugin/v2/command.rb:238:in `each'
        from C:/Program Files/Vagrant/embedded/gems/gems/vagrant-2.4.0/lib/vagrant/plugin/v2/command.rb:238:in `with_target_vms'
        from C:/Users/XiaoYu/.vagrant.d/gems/3.1.3/gems/vagrant-multi-putty-1.6.0/lib/vagrant-multi-putty/command.rb:51:in `execute'
        from C:/Program Files/Vagrant/embedded/gems/gems/vagrant-2.4.0/lib/vagrant/cli.rb:67:in `execute'
        from C:/Program Files/Vagrant/embedded/gems/gems/vagrant-2.4.0/lib/vagrant/environment.rb:319:in `cli'
        from C:/Program Files/Vagrant/embedded/gems/gems/vagrant-2.4.0/bin/vagrant:248:in `<main>'

如果putty直接登錄：

putty -l vagrant -P 2222 -i "C:/Users/XiaoYu/Desktop/WORKSPACE/vagrant-projects/OracleDatabase/19.3.0/.vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/private_key" 127.0.0.1

報(bào)錯(cuò)如下：

這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的原因在于，putty需要的密鑰是PPK格式，而在密鑰目錄下，這個(gè)PPK文件不存在（原因尚不知道），但openssh格式的密鑰文件private_key是存在的。

$ cd .vagrant/machines/oracle-19c-vagrant/virtualbox/

$ ls *key*
private_key

$ cat private_key
-----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----
b3BlbnNzaC1r...
bucpF2j40j3P6HpKqZaLac+gSYPHu42dSjSRObH7jgFltC8FwlslPuVAvY4W
AAAAB3ZhZ3JhbnQBAgMEBQY=
-----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY-----

所以，只需要通過(guò)puttygen將private_key導(dǎo)入，轉(zhuǎn)換后另存為private_key.ppk到其目錄下即可。文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-817604.html

$ ls *key*
private_key  private_key.ppk

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