軟件規(guī)劃

主備規(guī)劃

說明：以下配置無特殊說明，均在CDB下，用SYS用戶操作。

一、主庫配置

1.1 主庫開啟歸檔

1）oracle創(chuàng)建歸檔目錄

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/arch

2）cdb下修改歸檔參數(shù)

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch'; scope=spfile;
show parameter log_archive_dest_state_1;
-->enable

3) 重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫到mount階段

 startup mount

4) 開啟歸檔

 alter database archivelog;

5）打開數(shù)據(jù)庫并檢查

SQL> alter database open;

Database altered.

SQL> archive log list
Database log mode              Archive Mode
Automatic archival             Enabled
Archive destination            /opt/oracle/arch
Oldest online log sequence     252
Next log sequence to archive   254
Current log sequence           254

1.2 主庫設置force logging模式

1）設置主備force logging
alter database force logging;

2）檢查
select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

1.3 配置standby redolog

1) 查看日志組路徑及大小

SQL> col MEMBER for a40
SQL> select a.group#,a.MEMBER,b.bytes/1024/1024 from v$logfile a ,v$log b where a.group#=b.group# order by 1;

    GROUP# MEMBER                                   B.BYTES/1024/1024
---------- ---------------------------------------- -----------------
         1 /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo01.log                 200
         2 /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo02.log                 200
         3 /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo03.log                 200

2）創(chuàng)建standby logfile

alter database add standby logfile group 4('/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo04.log') size 200M;
alter database add standby logfile group 5('/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo05.log') size 200M;
alter database add standby logfile group 6('/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo06.log') size 200M;
alter database add standby logfile group 7('/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/redo07.log') size 200M;

3) 重啟
shutdown immediate
startup

1.4 配置密碼文件

orapwd file='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID' password=oracle entries=10 force=y format=12;

將主庫密碼文件拷貝到備庫

 scp orapwORCLCDB1 db2:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs

1.5 配置監(jiān)聽

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫name參數(shù)

SQL> show parameter name

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cdb_cluster_name                     string
cell_offloadgroup_name               string
db_file_name_convert                 string
db_name                              string      ORCLCDB
db_unique_name                       string      ORCLCDB1
global_names                         boolean     FALSE
instance_name                        string      ORCLCDB1
lock_name_space                      string
log_file_name_convert                string
pdb_file_name_convert                string
processor_group_name                 string
service_names                        string      ORCLCDB1

查看ORACLE_SID

[oracle@db1 ~]$ ps -ef|grep smon
oracle     25927       1  0 17:23 ?        00:00:00 ora_smon_ORCLCDB1
oracle     27127   24278  0 17:33 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto smon
[oracle@db1 ~]$ echo $ORACLE_SID
ORCLCDB1

這里要配置靜態(tài)監(jiān)聽

SID_LIST_LISTENER = 
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCLCDB1) #service_name
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1) 
      (SID_NAME= ORCLCDB1)  #oracle_sid
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = db1)(PORT = 1521))
  )

1.6 配置tns

ORCLCDB1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = db1)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ORCLCDB1)
    )
  )

ORCLCDB2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = db2)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ORCLCDB2)
    )
  )

?驗證網(wǎng)絡

#t重啟監(jiān)聽
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

測試服務名連通性：
tnsping ORCLCDB1 
tnsping ORCLCDB2

測試遠程登錄
sqlplus sys/oracle@ORCLCDB1 as sysdba
--此時備庫未配置監(jiān)聽，所以無法連接
sqlplus sys/oracle@ORCLCDB2  as sysdba

1.7 配置主庫參數(shù)

主庫參數(shù)（重啟生效）：
alter system set db_unique_name='ORCLCDB1' scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG='DG_CONFIG=(ORCLCDB1,ORCLCDB2)' scope=both;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCLCDB1' scope=both;
alter system set LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=ORCLCDB2 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCLCDB2' scope=both;
alter system set fal_client='ORCLCDB1' scope=both;
alter system set FAL_SERVER='ORCLCDB2' scope=both;
alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=both;

重啟數(shù)據(jù)庫生效
shutdown immediate;
startup ;

注：

如果主備兩邊目錄結構不一樣，DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT和LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT參數(shù)需要修改

alter system set DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='ORCLCDB2','ORCLCDB1' scope=spfile;
alter system set LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT='ORCLCDB2','ORCLCDB1' scope=spfile;

1.8 關閉應用和監(jiān)聽，做RMAN全備

1）關閉監(jiān)聽

lsnrctl stop

2）rman全庫備份

backup full database format '/opt/oracle/backup/backup_%T_%s_%p.bak';
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format ='/opt/oracle/backup/arch_%T_%s_%p.bak';

 run{ 
allocate channel c1 device type disk; 
allocate channel c2 device type disk; 
backup database format '/opt/oracle/backup/backdata_%T_%s_%p.bak'; 
sql 'alter system archive log current'; 
backup archivelog all format '/opt/oracle/backup/archlog_%T_%s_%p.bak';
backup current controlfile format '/opt/oracle/backup/cntrl_%s_%p_%s.bak'; 
release channel c1;
release channel c2;
} 

3）啟動監(jiān)聽

lsnrctl start

4）將備份傳輸?shù)絺鋷?/p>

scp -r /opt/oracle/backup/ db2:/opt/oracle

二、備庫配置

2.1 配置備庫oracle環(huán)境變量

    umask 022
    export TMP=/tmp
    export TMPDIR=$TMP
    export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
    export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19c/dbhome_1
    export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB2
    export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
    export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$PATH

2.2 配置備庫參數(shù)

主要參照主庫，微調(diào)即可

*.audit_file_dest='/opt/oracle/admin/ORCLCDB/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='19.0.0'
*.control_files='/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control01.ctl','/opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB/control02.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_name='ORCLCDB'
*.db_unique_name='ORCLCDB2'
*.diagnostic_dest='/opt/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ORCLCDBXDB)'
*.enable_pluggable_database=true
*.fal_client='ORCLCDB2'
*.fal_server='ORCLCDB1'
*.instance_name='ORCLCDB2'
*.local_listener='LISTENER_ORCLCDB'
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(ORCLCDB2,ORCLCDB1)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/opt/oracle/arch VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCLCDB2'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=ORCLCDB1 LGWR ASYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=ORCLCDB1'
*.memory_target=1444m
*.nls_language='AMERICAN'
*.nls_territory='AMERICA'
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=320
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

將參數(shù)文件中必要的目錄創(chuàng)建

mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradata/ORCLCDB
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/arch
mkdir -p /opt/oracle/admin/ORCLCDB/adump

2.3 配置備庫網(wǎng)絡

1）靜態(tài)監(jiān)聽

SID_LIST_LISTENER = 
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCLCDB2) 
      (ORACLE_HOME = /opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1) 
      (SID_NAME= ORCLCDB2)  
    )
  )

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = db2)(PORT = 1521))
  )

2）tns解析

ORCLCDB1 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = db1)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ORCLCDB1)
    )
  )

ORCLCDB2 =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = db2)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ORCLCDB2)
    )
  )

驗證網(wǎng)絡

重啟備庫監(jiān)聽
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

測試服務名連通性：
tnsping ORCLCDB1 
tnsping ORCLCDB2

測試遠程登錄
sqlplus sys/oracle@ORCLCDB1 as sysdba
sqlplus sys/oracle@ORCLCDB2  as sysdba

2.4 啟動備庫到nomount階段

startup nomount

2.5 備庫通過rman恢復控制文件

注意這里的控制文件是 standby controlfile?

 restore standby controlfile from '/home/oracle/backup/cntrl_6_1_6.bak';

2.6 備庫通過rman恢復數(shù)據(jù)文件

注冊恢復目錄
catalog start with '/opt/oracle/backup';
crosscheck backup;

rman恢復數(shù)據(jù)文件
restore database;
restore archivelog all;

查看備庫日志

select * from v$standby_log;

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫狀態(tài)

SQL> select open_mode from v$database;

OPEN_MODE
--------------------
MOUNTED

三、配置主備同步

3.1 啟動備庫日志應用?

 alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect;

3.2 查看主備日志應用情況

 select process,status,thread#,sequence# from v$managed_standby;

PROCESS   STATUS          THREAD#  SEQUENCE#
--------- ------------ ---------- ----------
DGRD      ALLOCATED             0          0
ARCH      CONNECTED             0          0
DGRD      ALLOCATED             0          0
ARCH      CONNECTED             0          0
ARCH      CONNECTED             0          0
ARCH      CONNECTED             0          0
RFS       IDLE                  1          0
RFS       IDLE                  1        267
MRP0      APPLYING_LOG          1        267

9 rows selected.

3.3 關閉日志應用

 alter database recover managed standby database cancel;

3.4 將備庫打開

alter database open;

到此為上，主備搭建完成。文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-816630.html

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