自定義kafka客戶端消費topic

結(jié)論

使用自定義的KafkaConsumer給spring進(jìn)行管理，之后在注入topic的set方法中，開單線程主動訂閱和讀取該topic的消息。

1 背景

后端服務(wù)不需要啟動時就開始監(jiān)聽消費，而是根據(jù)啟動的模塊或者用戶自定義監(jiān)聽需要監(jiān)聽或者停止的topic

2 spring集成2.1.8.RELEASE版本不支持autoStartup屬性

使用的spring集成2.1.8.RELEASE的版本，在@KafkaListener注解中沒有找到可以直接配置屬性autoStartup = "false"來手動啟動topic，可能是版本低的原因，如果有可以支持的版本，也可以打在評論區(qū)，我去驗證一下。

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
    <version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

@KafkaListener(topics = "<Kafka主題>", autoStartup = "false") 
public void receive(String message) {    
	// 處理接收到的消息 
}

3 自定義kafka客戶端消費topic

3.1 yml配置

spring:
  kafka:
      bootstrap-servers: 19.125.105.6:9092,19.125.105.7,19.125.105.8:9092
      consumer:
        group-id: data-dev
        enable-auto-commit: true
        auto-offset-reset: latest
        auto-commit-interval: 1000
      topic:
        costomTopic: costomData

3.2 KafkaConfig客戶端配置

kafka其他配置項和原有的kafka客戶端配置一樣，只有額外增加了一個cutomConsumer讓spring來管理，方便手動啟動客戶端來使用

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.KafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.*;
import org.springframework.kafka.listener.ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class KafkaConfig {

    @Value("${spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
    private String bootstrapServers;
    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}")
    private String groupId;
    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.enable-auto-commit}")
    private boolean enableAutoCommit;

    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.auto-offset-reset}")
    private String autoOffsetReset;
    //    @Value("${spring.kafka.listener.concurrency}")
//    private Integer concurrency;
    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.auto-commit-interval}")
    private Integer autoCommitInterval;

    @Bean
    public KafkaTemplate<String, String> kafkaTemplate() {
        return new KafkaTemplate<>(producerFactory());
    }

    @Bean
    KafkaListenerContainerFactory<ConcurrentMessageListenerContainer<Integer, String>> kafkaContainerFactory() {
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<Integer, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
        // concurrency
        factory.setConcurrency(3);
        factory.getContainerProperties().setPollTimeout(3000);
        return factory;
    }

    private ProducerFactory<String, String> producerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaProducerFactory<>(producerConfigs());
    }

    public ConsumerFactory<Integer, String> consumerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
    }

    private Map<String, Object> producerConfigs() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ProducerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.RETRIES_CONFIG, 0);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.ACKS_CONFIG, "1");
        props.put(ProducerConfig.KEY_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        props.put(ProducerConfig.VALUE_SERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringSerializer.class);
        return props;
    }

    private Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() {
        Map<String, Object> props = new HashMap<>();
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, bootstrapServers);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, groupId);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.ENABLE_AUTO_COMMIT_CONFIG, enableAutoCommit);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_COMMIT_INTERVAL_MS_CONFIG, autoCommitInterval);
        props.put(ConsumerConfig.AUTO_OFFSET_RESET_CONFIG, autoOffsetReset);
        return props;
    }

    @Bean
    public KafkaConsumer cutomConsumer() {
        // 新建一個自定義啟動消費者
        KafkaConsumer consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(consumerConfigs());
        return consumer;
    }
}

3.3 手動啟動消費客戶端

這里手動啟動消費客戶端只有在配置了costomTopic才開始啟動，如果需要動態(tài)指定啟停topic

@Component
public class CutomKafkaConsumer {

    // 使用cutomConsumer實例消費
    @Autowired
    private KafkaConsumer cutomConsumer;

    @Value("${spring.kafka.topic.costomTopic:}")
    public void setCostomTopic(String costomTopic) {
        // 手動啟動消費類,防止下級模塊默認(rèn)不配置costomTopic導(dǎo)致啟動報錯
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(costomTopic)) {
            return;
        }
        // 使這個消費者訂閱對應(yīng)話題
        cutomConsumer.subscribe(Collections.singleton(costomTopic));
        // 單線程拉取消息
        ExecutorService consumerExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
        consumerExecutor.submit(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                while (true) {
                    ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = cutomConsumer.poll(3000);
                    if (!records.iterator().hasNext()) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    try {
                        // 捕獲異常,防止頂級消費循環(huán)被異常中斷
                        records.forEach(record -> operate(record));
                    } catch (Exception e) {
                        log.error("消費數(shù)據(jù)失敗,失敗原因: {}", e.getMessage(), e);
                    }
                    // 通過異步的方式提交位移
                    cutomConsumer.commitAsync(((offsets, exception) -> {
                        if (exception == null) {
                            offsets.forEach((topicPartition, metadata) -> {
                                System.out.println(topicPartition + " -> offset=" + metadata.offset());
                            });
                        } else {
                            exception.printStackTrace();
                            // 如果出錯了，同步提交位移
                            cutomConsumer.commitSync(offsets);
                        }
                    }));
                }
            }
        });
    }
}    

public void operate(ConsumerRecord<String, String> record) {
    log.info("kafkaTwoContainerFactory.operate start. key: {}, value : {}", record.key(), record.value());
}

參考：
Kafka消費者——API開發(fā)
Kafka Consumer如何實現(xiàn)精確一次消費數(shù)據(jù)
Apache Kafka - 靈活控制Kafka消費_動態(tài)開啟/關(guān)閉監(jiān)聽實現(xiàn)
@KafkaListener 詳解及消息消費啟?？刂?br>kafka多個消費者消費一個topic_kafka消費者組與重平衡機(jī)制，了解一下
kafka學(xué)習(xí)（五）：消費者分區(qū)策略（再平衡機(jī)制）
Kafka 3.0 源碼筆記(3)-Kafka 消費者的核心流程源碼分析文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-784786.html

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