Red Hat? YUM 源是需要注冊付費的，如果要使用 Red Hat 系統(tǒng)安裝軟件，需要將Red Hat 源替換為CentOS對應(yīng)的源，在替換 YUM 源的過程以及所遇到的問題；如不一定要使用 Red Hat 系統(tǒng)，建議直接下載使用 CentOS?
當(dāng)前Red Hat 版本 測試環(huán)境三臺，分別為??Red Hat 7 /8 9.2 /?
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/hosts? 修改計算機名稱
[root@localhost ~]# nmcli general hostname xx 修改計算機名稱
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release 查看系統(tǒng)版本信息Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.9 (Maipo)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 8.8 (Ootpa)
Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 9.2 (Plow)?
一、Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7?更換方式：
This system is not registered with an entitlement server. You can use subscription-manager to register.
1.1??先刪除系統(tǒng)自帶的?yum?軟件包
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 ~]# rpm -qa |grep yum
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 ~]# rpm -qa|grep yum|xargs rpm -e --nodeps
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 ~]# rpm -qa|grep python-urlgrabber|xargs rpm -e --nodeps1.2?.?下載?centos7??6個相關(guān)的軟件包
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
http://mirrors.163.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm
1.3? 將 rmp 6個包上傳到 opt 的目錄 需要注意安裝順序：
----安裝順序：
rpm -ivh python-iniparse-0.4-9.el7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh python-urlgrabber-3.10-10.el7.noarch.rpm
rpm -ivh yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
----這兩個要一起安裝
rpm -ivh yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-54.el7_8.noarch.rpm yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
----最后安裝 wget
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 opt]# rpm -ivh wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64.rpm 
1.4?通過?wget?下載配置文件 Centos
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 opt]# wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo
1.5 修改 剛剛 wget 下載來的 CentOS-Base.repo 配置 文件 位于 /etc/yum.repos.d 目錄
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 yum.repos.d]# vi CentOS-Base.repo
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo redhat.repo
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 ~]# yum clean all
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 ~]# yum makecache
1.6? 清理一下緩存 和 生成一下 緩存??yum?clean?all? &? yum?makecache
?1.7? 測試?yum 安裝 yum install -y lrzsz? ?yum -y install vim*? ?和 yum update 是否安裝成功
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux7 ~]# yum repolist
二、Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8?更換方式：
2.1 在配置文件中關(guān)閉這個官方的訂閱? 編輯配置文件“? 更改參數(shù)“?enabled?=?1”到“?enabled?=?0”
vi /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/subscription-manager.conf
[main]
enabled=02.2 將 Red Hat ?官方訂閱刪除
yum remove subscription-manager
2.3 red hat 8 更換 Centos 8?阿里云鏡像源；
備份一下 redhat.repo 文件
mv /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo.bak
獲取新的 CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/
curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
也可以使用 wget -O 來獲取，但需要手動下在 rpm -ivh wget-1.14-18.el7_6.1.x86_64 來安裝
wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/redhat.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repo
下載新的CentOS-Base.repo 到 /etc/yum.repos.d/ （這里用的CentOS 8.0）
2.4 更換完成之后要 進行清除緩存,生成緩存；
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux8 ~]# yum clean all
[root@redHatEnterpriseLinux8 ~]# yum makecache
2.5??測試?yum 安裝 yum -y install wget? &? yum install -y lrzsz? ?看看能否安裝成功；
三、Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9?更換方式：
3.1? 修改紅帽的訂閱管理配置文件? vi?subscription-manager.conf
? ? ? ?把enabled的置改成0，然后保存? , 再刪除 官方訂閱??yum remove subscription-manager
[root@RedHatEnterpriseLinux9 ~]# cd /etc/yum/pluginconf.d/
[root@RedHatEnterpriseLinux9 ~]# vi subscription-manager.conf
[root@RedHatEnterpriseLinux9 ~]# yum remove subscription-manager
3.2?再刪除 cd?/etc/yum.repos.d 目錄下的 redhat.repo 文件 ,? ?rm -rf? redhat.repo?
? ? ? 如沒有?redhat.repo 這個文件了，就不用管：
3.3? 使用 vi ?redhat.repo?編輯一個新的配置文件：
vi redhat.repo 添加如下內(nèi)容：
[AppStream]
name=AppStream
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/AppStream/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[BaseOS]
name=BaseOS
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/BaseOS/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[extras]
name=extras
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/extras/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[plus]
name=plus
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/plus/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[devel]
name=devel
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/devel/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[NFV]
name=NFV
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/NFV/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[CRB]
name=CRB
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/CRB/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
[HighAvailability]
name=HighAvailability
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/almalinux/9.2/HighAvailability/x86_64/os/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=13.4? 執(zhí)行? yum?clean?all? &? yum?makecache
[root@RedHatEnterpriseLinux9 ~]# yum?clean?all?
[root@RedHatEnterpriseLinux9 ~]# yum makecache
3.5?測試 dnf 安裝 yum?install wget? &? yum?install lrzsz? &? yum?update 看看能否安裝成功；?
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