【python】 pygame學習示例 --飛機大戰(zhàn)小游戲制作

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項目環(huán)境

python版本：3.8.5

所需模塊：pygame random os

pygame版本：20.1

開發(fā)環(huán)境：pycharm專業(yè)版

硬件環(huán)境：win11 8G內存以上

項目介紹

使用python的第三方庫–pygame 制作飛機大戰(zhàn)小游戲

小游戲的內容包括：

玩家player的移動
子彈的發(fā)射
隕石的隨機掉落(包括旋轉大小下落角度)
玩家子彈隕石的碰撞交互
血量條
積分計數(shù)
游戲道具隨機生成

完成總計時長：

6小時

圖片預覽

python基礎教程制作簡單的飛機小游戲,python,pygame,學習,開發(fā)語言

筆記

初始化 pygame ：pygame.init()
創(chuàng)建窗口：screen = pygame.display.set_mode([width,height])
加載圖片資源：：pic = pygame.image.load(“圖片”)
加載音樂資源：pygame.mixer.music.load(‘音樂’)
os庫查找文件：os.path.join(‘文件夾’，’文件‘)
yx = pygame.mixer.Sound(“f音效”)
播放音效：yx.play()
獲取所有的事件： pygame.event.get()文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-764232.html

源碼

import pygame
import random
import os

#游戲內的常量
FPS = 60
WIDTH = 500
HEIGHT = 600
WHITE = (255,255,255)
GREEN = (0,255,0)
RED =(255,0,0)
YELLOW = (255,255,0)
BLACK = (0,0,0)

#游戲初始化
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()#初始化聲音混合器
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH,HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("飛機大戰(zhàn)")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()

#引入圖片文件
#os.path.join可以尋找到圖片文件 convert方法可以把東西轉化為對象
background_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img","background.png")).convert()
player_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img","player.png")).convert()
player_mini_img = pygame.transform.scale(player_img,(25,20)) #scale是改變大小的方法
player_mini_img.set_colorkey(BLACK)
rock_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img","rock.png")).convert()
bullet_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img","bullet.png")).convert()
#存儲許多隕石圖片
rock_images = []
for i in range(7):
    rock_images.append(pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img",f"rock{i}.png")).convert())

#爆炸動畫的儲存
expl_anim = {}
expl_anim['lg'] = []
expl_anim['sm'] = []
expl_anim['player'] = []
for i in range(9):
    expl_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img",f"expl{i}.png")).convert()
    expl_img.set_colorkey(BLACK)
    expl_anim['lg'].append(pygame.transform.scale(expl_img,(75,75)))
    expl_anim['sm'].append(pygame.transform.scale(expl_img, (30, 30)))
    player_expl_img = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img",f"player_expl{i}.png")).convert()
    player_expl_img.set_colorkey(BLACK)
    expl_anim['player'].append(player_expl_img)

#引入寶箱的圖片
power_imgs  = {}
power_imgs['shield'] = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img","shield.png")).convert()
power_imgs['gun'] = pygame.image.load(os.path.join("img","gun.png")).convert()

#射擊的聲音
shoot_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join("sound","shoot.wav"))
#爆炸的音效
expl_sounds =[
pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join("sound","expl0.wav")),
pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join("sound","expl1.wav")),
]
#死亡爆炸
die_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join("sound","rumble.ogg"))
#接到寶箱
shield_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join("sound","pow0.wav"))
gun_sound = pygame.mixer.Sound(os.path.join("sound","pow1.wav"))
#背景音樂
pygame.mixer.music.load(os.path.join("sound","background.ogg"))
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(0.3)

running = True
#引入字體
font_name = pygame.font.match_font("arial")
#繪制得分的函數(shù)
def draw_text(surf,text,size,x,y):
    font = pygame.font.Font(font_name,size)
    text_surface = font.render(text,True,WHITE)#渲染一下字體
    text_rect = text_surface.get_rect()
    text_rect.centerx = x
    text_rect.top = y
    surf.blit(text_surface,text_rect)
#生成隕石的函數(shù)
def new_rock():
    rock = Rock()
    all_sprites.add(rock)
    rocks.add(rock)

#繪制血量條的函數(shù)
def draw_health(surf,hp,x,y):
    if hp < 0 :
        hp = 0
    BAR_LENGTH = 100
    BAR_HEIGHT = 10
    fill = (hp/100)*BAR_LENGTH  #內部的長度
    outline_rect = pygame.Rect(x,y,BAR_LENGTH,BAR_HEIGHT)  #外框
    fill_rect = pygame.Rect(x,y,fill,BAR_HEIGHT)   #內部
    pygame.draw.rect(surf,GREEN,fill_rect)
    pygame.draw.rect(surf, WHITE, outline_rect,2)

#繪制右上角代表生命的飛機
def draw_lives(surf,lives,img,x,y):
    for i in range(lives):
        img_rect = img.get_rect()
        img_rect.x = x+30*i
        img_rect.y = y
        surf.blit(img,img_rect)



#創(chuàng)造玩家類
class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    #初始化方法
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pygame.transform.scale(player_img,(50,40)) #設置好大小的圖片
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)#把黑色的東西設置成透明

        #定位
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        #圓形圖片輪廓
        self.radius = 23
        # pygame.draw.circle(self.image,RED,self.rect.center,self.radius)

        self.rect.centerx = WIDTH/2
        self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT -20

        self.health = 100
        self.lives = 3
        self.hidden = False
        self.speedx = 8
        self.hide_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        self.gun = 1


    #更新的方法
    def update(self):
        now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        key_pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed() #獲取鍵盤操作

        #控制上下左右的移動
        if key_pressed[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            self.rect.x = self.rect.x + self.speedx
        if key_pressed[pygame.K_LEFT]:
            self.rect.x = self.rect.x - self.speedx
        if key_pressed[pygame.K_DOWN]:
            self.rect.y = self.rect.y + self.speedx
        if key_pressed[pygame.K_UP]:
            self.rect.y = self.rect.y - self.speedx

        #上下左右移動的限制
        if self.rect.left < 0:
            self.rect.left = 0
        if self.rect.right > WIDTH:
            self.rect.right = WIDTH
        if self.rect.top < 0:
            self.rect.top = 0
        if self.rect.bottom > HEIGHT:
            self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT

        #恢復正常
        if self.hidden and (pygame.time.get_ticks() - self.hide_time > 1000):
            self.hidden = False
            self.rect.centerx = WIDTH / 2
            self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT - 20

        #時間到了變成單射
        if self.gun > 1 and now - self.gun_time > 10000:
            self.gun =  1


    #射擊方法
    def shoot(self):
        if not (self.hidden):
            if self.gun == 1:#單射
                bullet = Bullet(self.rect.centerx,self.rect.centery)
                all_sprites.add(bullet)
                bullets.add(bullet)
                shoot_sound.play()
            elif self.gun >= 2:#雙射
                bullet1 = Bullet(self.rect.left, self.rect.centery)
                bullet2 = Bullet(self.rect.right, self.rect.centery)
                all_sprites.add(bullet1)
                all_sprites.add(bullet2)
                bullets.add(bullet1)
                bullets.add(bullet2)
                shoot_sound.play()

    #隱藏右上角的飛機
    def hide(self):
        self.hidden = True
        self.hide_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        self.rect.center = (WIDTH/2,HEIGHT+500)

    #增加彈道的發(fā)方法
    def gunup(self):
        self.gun += 1
        self.gun_time = pygame.time.get_ticks()

#隕石類
class Rock(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    #初始化方法
    def __init__(self):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image_origin = random.choice(rock_images)
        self.image_origin.set_colorkey(BLACK)
        #圖片副本
        self.image = self.image_origin.copy()

        #定位
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        #圓形圖片輪廓
        self.radius = self.rect.width / 2.2

        self.rect.x = random.randrange(0,WIDTH-self.rect.width)
        self.rect.y = random.randrange(-180,-100)

        self.speedy = random.randrange(2,10)
        self.speedx = random.randrange(-3,+3)

        self.rot_degree = random.randrange(-3,3)  #旋轉的角度
        self.total_degree = 0

    #石頭旋轉的方法
    def rotate(self):
        self.total_degree = self.total_degree + self.rot_degree
        self.total_degree = self.total_degree % 360
        self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image_origin,self.total_degree)#transform是旋轉方法
        center = self.rect.center
        self.rect= self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.center = center

    #更新的方法
    def update(self):
        self.rotate()
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        self.rect.x += self.speedx
        #如果屏幕上沒有隕石則會重新生成
        if (self.rect.top > HEIGHT) or (self.rect.right < 0)or(self.rect.left > WIDTH) :
            self.rect.x = random.randrange(0, WIDTH - self.rect.width)
            self.rect.y = random.randrange(-100, -40)
            self.speedy = random.randrange(2, 10)
            self.speedx = random.randrange(-3, +3)

#子彈類
class Bullet(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    # 初始化方法
    def __init__(self,x,y):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = bullet_img
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)


        # 定位
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.x = x
        self.rect.y = y

        self.speedy = -10

    # 更新的方法
    def update(self):
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        # 如果屏幕上沒有子彈則會消除掉
        if (self.rect.bottom < 0) :
            self.kill()

#爆炸類
class Explosion(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    # 初始化方法
    def __init__(self,center,size):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.size = size
        self.image = expl_anim[self.size][0]


        # 定位
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.center = center
        self.frame = 0
        self.last_update = pygame.time.get_ticks()

    # 更新的方法
    def update(self):
        now = pygame.time.get_ticks()
        if now - self.last_update > 50:
            self.last_update = now
            self.frame = self.frame + 1
            if self.frame == len(expl_anim[self.size]):
                self.kill()
            else:
                self.image = expl_anim[self.size][self.frame]
                center = self.rect.center
                self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
                self.rect.center = center

#寶箱類
class Power(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
    # 初始化方法
    def __init__(self,center):
        pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.type = random.choice(['shield','gun'])
        self.image = power_imgs[self.type]
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)

        #音效
        if self.type == 'shield':
            shield_sound.play()
        elif self.type == 'gun':
            gun_sound.play()

        # 定位
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.center = center
        self.speedy = 3

    # 更新的方法
    def update(self):
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        # 如果屏幕上沒有子彈則會消除掉
        if (self.rect.bottom > HEIGHT) :
            self.kill()

#變量的初始化
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()  #所有的
rocks = pygame.sprite.Group()        #隕石
powers = pygame.sprite.Group()       #寶箱
bullets = pygame.sprite.Group()      #子彈
player = Player()#實例化
all_sprites.add(player)
score = 0
#播放聲音
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)

#生成掉落的隕石
for i in range(8):
    new_rock()


#主程序循環(huán)
while running:
    clock.tick(FPS) #設定幀率
    for event in pygame.event.get():
        if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                player.shoot()
      #更新游戲
    all_sprites.update()
     #檢測隕石子彈互相碰撞的情況
    hits_rockandbullet = pygame.sprite.groupcollide(rocks,bullets,True,True)
    #隕石子彈碰撞消除一次就生成一個隕石
    for hit in hits_rockandbullet:
        random.choice(expl_sounds).play()
        expl = Explosion(hit.rect.center,'lg')
        all_sprites.add(expl)
        die_sound.play()
        r = Rock()
        all_sprites.add(r)
        rocks.add(r)
        score = score + int(hit.radius)
        #有概率生成寶箱
        if random.random() > 0.7:
            p = Power(hit.rect.center)
            all_sprites.add(p)
            powers.add(p)

    #飛船碰到寶箱
    hits_playerandpower = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player,powers,True)

    for hit in  hits_playerandpower:
        if hit.type == 'shield':
            player.health = player.health + 20
            if player.health > 100:
                player.health =100
        elif hit.type=='gun':
            player.gunup()


    #檢測飛機碰撞的情況
    hits_playerandrock = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(player,rocks,True,pygame.sprite.collide_circle)
    #
    for hit in  hits_playerandrock:
        player.health -= hit.radius
        new_rock()
        expl = Explosion(hit.rect.center,'sm')
        all_sprites.add(expl)
        if player.health <= 0:
            death_expl = Explosion(player.rect.center,'player')
            all_sprites.add(death_expl)
            player.lives -= 1
            player.health = 100
            player.hide()
        elif player.lives == 0:
            running = False
    #顯示畫面
    screen.fill(BLACK)
    screen.blit(background_img,(0,0))#設置背景圖片
    all_sprites.draw(screen)
    draw_text(screen,str(score),18,WIDTH/2,0) #顯示得分
    draw_health(screen,player.health,10,30)
    draw_lives(screen,player.lives,player_mini_img,WIDTH-100,15)
    pygame.display.update()  #刷新界面

pygame.quit()

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