問題描述：提示編譯出錯(不同的pip/conda/linux版本報的錯誤不一致)

錯誤一：

  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 280, in <module>
      main()
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 263, in main
      json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 205, in build_wheel
      metadata_directory)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 217, in build_wheel
      wheel_directory, config_settings)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 202, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 254, in run_setup
      self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 145, in run_setup
      exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
    File "setup.py", line 535, in <module>
      main()
    File "setup.py", line 309, in main
      cmake_source_dir=cmake_source_dir,
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-tde8voxz/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 683, in setup
      cmake_install_dir,
    File "setup.py", line 448, in _classify_installed_files_override
      raise Exception("Not found: '%s'" % relpath_re)
  Exception: Not found: 'python/cv2/py.typed'
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python
Failed to build opencv-python
ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python which use PEP 517 and cannot be installed directly
WARNING: You are using pip version 20.3.3; however, version 21.3.1 is available.
You should consider upgrading via the '/usr/bin/python3 -m pip install --upgrade pip' command.

?錯誤二：

  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 363, in <module>
      main()
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 345, in main
      json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/in_process/_in_process.py", line 262, in build_wheel
      metadata_directory)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 217, in build_wheel
      wheel_directory, config_settings)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 202, in _build_with_temp_dir
      self.run_setup()
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 254, in run_setup
      self).run_setup(setup_script=setup_script)
    File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/dist-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 145, in run_setup
      exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
    File "setup.py", line 535, in <module>
      main()
    File "setup.py", line 309, in main
      cmake_source_dir=cmake_source_dir,
    File "/tmp/pip-build-env-efsyy48d/overlay/lib/python3.6/site-packages/skbuild/setuptools_wrap.py", line 683, in setup
      cmake_install_dir,
    File "setup.py", line 448, in _classify_installed_files_override
      raise Exception("Not found: '%s'" % relpath_re)
  Exception: Not found: 'python/cv2/py.typed'
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for opencv-python
Failed to build opencv-python
ERROR: Could not build wheels for opencv-python, which is required to install pyproject.toml-based projects

解決方法一：安裝build-essential與cmake后，再然后重新安裝opencv-python，安裝指令如下（若無需使用opencv-python新版本的特定功能，則不推薦使用，因為新版本需要編譯安裝，編譯時間約20分鐘左右）

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake

解決方法二：查看當前未能安裝成功的opencv版本，然后指定一個低版本的opencv-python安裝（推薦使用，部分低版本安裝無需編譯，可以瞬間完成安裝）

# 如默認安裝的opencv-python版本為4.8，切換4.5版本安裝
pip install opencv-python==4.5.1.48

# 注：1、一些低版本的opencv-python不用編譯，可以直接安裝成功
#    2、版本的詳細版本號可以嘗試安裝后，根據(jù)可以選擇的版本提示安裝
pip install opencv-python==4.5
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement opencv-python==4.3 (from versions: 3.2.0.8, 3.3.0.10, 3.3.1.11, 3.4.0.12, 3.4.0.14, 3.4.1.15, 3.4.2.16, 3.4.2.17, 
3.4.3.18, 3.4.4.19, 3.4.5.20, 3.4.6.27, 3.4.7.28, 3.4.8.29, 3.4.9.31, 3.4.9.33, 3.4.10.35, 
3.4.10.37, 3.4.11.39, 3.4.11.41, 3.4.11.43, 3.4.11.45, 3.4.13.47, 3.4.14.51, 3.4.14.53, 
3.4.15.55, 3.4.16.57, 3.4.16.59, 3.4.17.61, 3.4.17.63, 3.4.18.65, 4.0.0.21, 4.0.1.23, 
4.0.1.24, 4.1.0.25, 4.1.1.26, 4.1.2.30, 4.2.0.32, 4.2.0.34, 4.3.0.36, 4.3.0.38, 4.4.0.40, 
4.4.0.42, 4.4.0.44, 4.4.0.46, 4.5.1.48, 4.5.2.52, 4.5.2.54, 4.5.3.56, 4.5.4.58, 4.5.4.60, 
4.5.5.62, 4.5.5.64, 4.6.0.66, 4.7.0.68, 4.7.0.72, 4.8.0.74, 4.8.0.76)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for opencv-python==4.5

補充內容：部分低版本安裝雖不用編譯，但版本號低于4.8的opencv包在VSCode中沒有代碼提示，因此能安裝新版本盡可能安裝新版本文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-755775.html

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