C# 通過(guò) HttpWebRequest發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)以及服務(wù)器通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取數(shù)據(jù)

這篇具有很好參考價(jià)值的文章主要介紹了C# 通過(guò) HttpWebRequest發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)以及服務(wù)器通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取數(shù)據(jù)。希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。如果存在錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方，請(qǐng)大家不吝賜教，您也可以點(diǎn)擊"舉報(bào)違法"按鈕提交疑問(wèn)。

C# 通過(guò) HttpWebRequest發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)以及服務(wù)器通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取數(shù)據(jù), 后臺(tái)請(qǐng)求的三種類型"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"和"multipart/form-data"以及"application/json"，對(duì)應(yīng)的服務(wù)器端應(yīng)該獲取數(shù)據(jù)參數(shù)的方法

C#中HttpWebRequest的用法詳解可參考：

C#中HttpWebRequest的用法詳解
C# HttpWebRequest詳解
C# 服務(wù)器通過(guò)Request獲取參數(shù) 可參考：
C# WebService 接口通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取json參數(shù)

一、客戶端和服務(wù)器傳輸數(shù)據(jù)的類

1、后臺(tái)程序發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求的Class，服務(wù)器端也要添加該類

namespace WebApiInvoke
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 后臺(tái)程序發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)的類
    /// </summary>
    class RequestDataModel
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 姓名
        /// </summary>
        public string DataName { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 性別
        /// </summary>
        public string DataSex { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 結(jié)果
        /// </summary>
        public string DataResult { get; set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// 年齡
        /// </summary>
        public int DataAge { get; set; }
    }
}

2、服務(wù)端返回HTTP請(qǐng)求的數(shù)據(jù)class，客戶端也要有

namespace ServiceTest
{
    /// <summary>
    /// WebService 服務(wù)端返回的類
    /// </summary>
    public class WebServiceWriteBack
    {
        public bool Success { get; set; } = true;
        public string Data { get; set; } = string.Empty;
    }
}

二、“application/json”：

1、后臺(tái)程序(客戶端)發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求(request.Method = “POST”、request.ContentType = “application/json”),

a.客戶端代碼：

namespace WebApiInvoke
{
    class HttpApiRequestHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 使用HttpWebRequest發(fā)送一個(gè)POST請(qǐng)求 
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">請(qǐng)求的地址</param>
        /// <param name="dto">發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)象</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string HttpJsonPost(string url, object dto)
        {
            HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

            request.Method = "POST";
            request.KeepAlive = false;
            request.AllowAutoRedirect = true;
            request.Accept = "application/json";
            request.ContentType = "application/json";
            string strContent = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(dto); //序列化為字符串，可以使用自己項(xiàng)目中封裝的json方法
            using (StreamWriter dataStream = new StreamWriter(request.GetRequestStream()))
            {
                dataStream.Write(strContent);
            }
            //  獲取服務(wù)器返回的響應(yīng)體
            HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
            string encoding = response.ContentEncoding;
            if (encoding == null || encoding.Length < 1)
            {
                encoding = "UTF-8"; //默認(rèn)編碼  
            }
            StreamReader reader = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.GetEncoding(encoding));
            string retString = reader.ReadToEnd();
            return retString;
        }
   	}
}

服務(wù)器端通過(guò)Request.InputStream獲取json數(shù)據(jù)，并做相應(yīng)的處理；
需要NuGet程序包中安裝Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.WebApiCompatShim，并usingSystem.Web.Http; c# request,C#學(xué)習(xí)筆記,WebApi,WebService,c#,服務(wù)器,開(kāi)發(fā)語(yǔ)言

b.服務(wù)器端對(duì)應(yīng)的代碼

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace ServiceTest
{
    /// WebService 接口 通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取json參數(shù)
    class GetRequestDataHelper : ApiController
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取json參數(shù)
        /// 對(duì)應(yīng)request.ContentType = "application/json"
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public WebServiceWriteBack GetRequestJsonData()
        {
        	// 服務(wù)器端回寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的類
            WebServiceWriteBack writeBack = new WebServiceWriteBack();
            HttpContextBase context = Request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"] as HttpContextBase;
            HttpRequestBase request = context.Request;

            string data = string.Empty;
            using (Stream stream = request.InputStream)// 讀取Json數(shù)據(jù)
            {
                stream.Position = 0;
                using (StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(stream))
                {
                    data = streamReader.ReadToEnd();
                }
            }
            // 將Json數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為對(duì)象
            RequestDataModel data1 = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<RequestDataModel>(data);
            #region 對(duì)傳進(jìn)來(lái)的 DataModel 進(jìn)行處理 并對(duì)要回寫(xiě)的WebServiceWriteBack類進(jìn)行賦值
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data1.DataSex))
            {
                writeBack.Success = true;
                writeBack.Data = "成功了！";
            }
            #endregion

            return writeBack;
        }
    }
}

三、表單：

1、傳統(tǒng)的表單數(shù)據(jù)是"DataName=1&DataSex=dadada&DataResult=S201FR&DataAge=1"一個(gè)字符串中間用‘&’分割；

后臺(tái)程序(客戶端)發(fā)送HTTP請(qǐng)求(request.Method = “POST”、request.ContentType = “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”),

a.客戶端代碼：

        /// <summary>
        /// HttpWebRequest Post請(qǐng)求
        /// application/x-www-form-urlencoded
        /// "DataName=1&DataSex=dadada&DataResult=S201FR&DataAge=1"
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="postUrl">請(qǐng)求地址</param>
        /// <param name="postData">請(qǐng)求參數(shù)(json格式請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)時(shí)contentType必須指定為application/json)</param>
        /// <param name="result">返回結(jié)果</param>
        /// <param name="contentType">請(qǐng)求類型</param>
        /// <returns>返回結(jié)果</returns>
        public static bool WebHttpPost(string postUrl, string postData, out string result, string contentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
        {
            try
            {
                Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312");
                byte[] byteArray = encoding.GetBytes(postData);

                HttpWebRequest httpWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(postUrl);
                httpWebRequest.Method = "POST";
                httpWebRequest.ContentType = contentType;
                httpWebRequest.ContentLength = byteArray.Length;
                httpWebRequest.AllowAutoRedirect = true;

                using (Stream stream = httpWebRequest.GetRequestStream())
                {
                    stream.Write(byteArray, 0, byteArray.Length); // 寫(xiě)入?yún)?shù)                  
                }
				//  獲取服務(wù)器返回的響應(yīng)體
                HttpWebResponse httpWebResponse = httpWebRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                using (Stream responseStream = httpWebResponse.GetResponseStream())
                {
                    StreamReader streamReader = new StreamReader(responseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8"));
                    result = streamReader.ReadToEnd(); // 請(qǐng)求返回的數(shù)據(jù)
                    streamReader.Close();
                }

                return true;
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                result = ex.Message;
                return false;
            }
        }

b.服務(wù)器端通過(guò)Request.Form獲取表單數(shù)據(jù)，并做相應(yīng)的處理；

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;

namespace ServiceTest
{
        /// <summary>
        /// 通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取表單參數(shù)
        /// 對(duì)應(yīng)contentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"和contentType =  "multipart/form-data"
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>

        public WebServiceWriteBack GetRequestFromData()
        {
            // 服務(wù)器端回寫(xiě)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的類
            WebServiceWriteBack writeBack = new WebServiceWriteBack();
            HttpContextBase context = Request.Properties["MS_HttpContext"] as HttpContextBase;
            HttpRequestBase request = context.Request;
            
            RequestDataModel data1 = new RequestDataModel()
            {
                DataName = request.Form["DataName"]?.ToString(),
                DataSex = request.Form["DataSex"]?.ToString(),
                DataAge = Convert.ToInt32(request.Form["DataAge"]?.ToString()),
                DataResult = request.Form["DataResult"]?.ToString()
            };
            #region 對(duì)傳進(jìn)來(lái)的 DataModel 進(jìn)行處理 并對(duì)要回寫(xiě)的WebServiceWriteBack類進(jìn)行賦值
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(data1.DataSex))
            {
                writeBack.Success = true;
                writeBack.Data = "成功了！";
            }
            #endregion

            return writeBack;
        }
    }
}

2、“multipart/form-data”

包含異步請(qǐng)求方法HttpPostAsync和HttpPostFromData方法文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-740551.html

a.客戶端代碼，兩個(gè)方法

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace WebApiInvoke
{
    class HttpApiRequestHelper
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Async異步請(qǐng)求 POST
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="urlStr">請(qǐng)求的地址</param>
        /// <param name="jsonStr">Json字符串</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string HttpPostAsync(string urlStr, string jsonStr)
        {
            string content = "";
            try
            {
                Dictionary<string, string> map = JsonStringToKeyValuePairs(jsonStr);

                var mfdc = new System.Net.Http.MultipartFormDataContent();
                mfdc.Headers.Add("ContentType", "multipart/form-data");//聲明頭部
                foreach (string key in map.Keys)
                {
                    mfdc.Add(new System.Net.Http.StringContent(map[key]), key);//參數(shù), 內(nèi)容在前,參數(shù)名稱在后
                }
                var clientTask = new System.Net.Http.HttpClient().PostAsync(urlStr, mfdc);//發(fā)起異步請(qǐng)求
                clientTask.Wait();//等待請(qǐng)求結(jié)果
                if (clientTask.Result.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                {
                    //請(qǐng)求正常
                    var resultTask = clientTask.Result.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();//異步讀取返回內(nèi)容
                    resultTask.Wait();//等讀取返回內(nèi)容
                    content = resultTask.Result;//返回內(nèi)容字符串
                }
                else
                {
                    //請(qǐng)求異常
                    content = "失敗";
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                content = ex.Message;
            }
            return content;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// multipart/form-data POST請(qǐng)求
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">請(qǐng)求的地址</param>
        /// <param name="jsonStr">Json字符串</param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static string HttpPostFromData(string url, string jsonStr)
        {
            string content = "";
            try
            {
                string boundary = "---------------------------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");
                byte[] boundarybytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");
                byte[] endbytes = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");

                HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url);
                request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary;
                request.Method = WebRequestMethods.Http.Post;
                request.KeepAlive = true;
                request.Timeout = -1;

                CredentialCache credentialCache = new CredentialCache();
                credentialCache.Add(new Uri(url), "Basic", new NetworkCredential("user", "user"));
                request.Credentials = credentialCache;

                request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;
                Dictionary<string, string> map = JsonStringToKeyValuePairs(jsonStr);
                using (Stream stream = request.GetRequestStream())
                {
                    //1.1 key/value
                    string formdataTemplate = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"\r\n\r\n{1}";
                    if (map != null)
                    {
                        foreach (string key in map.Keys)
                        {
                            stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length);
                            string formitem = string.Format(formdataTemplate, key, map[key]);
                            byte[] formitembytes = Encoding.GetEncoding("UTF-8").GetBytes(formitem);
                            stream.Write(formitembytes, 0, formitembytes.Length);
                        }
                    }
                    stream.Write(endbytes, 0, endbytes.Length);
                }
                //2.WebResponse
                HttpWebResponse response = request.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse;
                using (Stream responsestream = response.GetResponseStream())
                {
                    using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(responsestream))
                    {
                        content = sr.ReadToEnd();
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                content = ex.Message;
            }
            return content;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// JSON格式轉(zhuǎn)Dictionary
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="jsonStr"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static Dictionary<string, string> JsonStringToKeyValuePairs(string jsonStr)
        {
            char jsonBeginToken = '{';
            char jsonEndToken = '}';

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(jsonStr))
            {
                return null;
            }
            //驗(yàn)證json字符串格式
            if (jsonStr[0] != jsonBeginToken || jsonStr[jsonStr.Length - 1] != jsonEndToken)
            {
                throw new ArgumentException("非法的Json字符串!");
            }

            var resultDic = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            var jobj = JObject.Parse(jsonStr);
            JsonOn(jobj, resultDic);
            return resultDic;
        }

        private static Dictionary<string, string> JsonOn(JToken jobT, Dictionary<string, string> Dic)
        {

            //找出包含嵌套的字段列
            if (jobT is JObject jobj && jobj.Properties().Count() > 0)
            {
                foreach (var item in jobj.Properties())
                {
                    JsonProperties(item, Dic);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                Dic.Add(jobT.Path, jobT.ToString());

                return Dic;
            }
            return Dic;
        }

        private static Dictionary<string, string> JsonProperties(JProperty jobj, Dictionary<string, string> Dic)
        {
            return JsonOn(jobj.Value, Dic);
        }

    }
}

b. 服務(wù)器方法同1.b 這里不再贅述

到了這里，關(guān)于C# 通過(guò) HttpWebRequest發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)以及服務(wù)器通過(guò)Request請(qǐng)求獲取數(shù)據(jù)的文章就介紹完了。如果您還想了解更多內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)?jiān)谟疑辖撬阉鱐OY模板網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板網(wǎng)！