UnitTesting 單元測(cè)試

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1. 測(cè)試分為兩種及詳細(xì)介紹測(cè)試書籍:

? 1.1 Unit Test : 單元測(cè)試

? - test the business logic in your app : 測(cè)試應(yīng)用中的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯

? 1.2 UI? Test :? 界面測(cè)試

? - test the UI of your app : 測(cè)試應(yīng)用中的界面

? 1.3 測(cè)試書籍網(wǎng)址:

《Testing Swift》https://www.hackingwithswift.com/store/testing-swift

2. ViewModel 單元測(cè)試

? 2.1 創(chuàng)建 ViewModel，UnitTestingBootcampViewModel.swift

import Foundation
import SwiftUI
import Combine

/// 單元測(cè)試 ViewModel
class UnitTestingBootcampViewModel: ObservableObject{
    @Published var isPremium: Bool
    @Published var dataArray: [String] = []
    @Published var selectedItem: String? = nil
    let dataService: NewDataServiceProtocol
    var cancellable = Set<AnyCancellable>()
    
    init(isPremium: Bool, dataService: NewDataServiceProtocol = NewMockDataService(items: nil)) {
        self.isPremium = isPremium
        self.dataService = dataService
    }
    
    /// 添加子項(xiàng)
    func addItem(item: String){
        // 為空不往下執(zhí)行
        guard !item.isEmpty else { return }
        self.dataArray.append(item)
    }
    
    /// 選中項(xiàng)
    func selectItem(item: String){
        if let x = dataArray.first(where: {$0 == item}){
            selectedItem = x
        }else{
            selectedItem = nil
        }
    }
    
    /// 保存項(xiàng)
    func saveItem(item: String) throws{
        guard !item.isEmpty else{
            throw DataError.noData
        }
        
        if let x = dataArray.first(where: {$0 == item}){
            print("Save item here!!! \(x)")
        } else {
            throw DataError.itemNotFound
        }
    }
    
    /// 錯(cuò)誤信息
    enum DataError: LocalizedError{
        case noData
        case itemNotFound
    }
    
    /// 請(qǐng)求返回?cái)?shù)據(jù)
    func downloadWithEscaping() {
        dataService.downloadItemsWithEscaping { [weak self] returnedItems in
            self?.dataArray = returnedItems
        }
    }
    
    /// 下載用到的組合
    func downloadWithCombine() {
        dataService.downloadItemsWithCombine()
            .sink { _ in
                
            } receiveValue: { [weak self] returnedItems in
                self?.dataArray = returnedItems
            }
            .store(in: &cancellable)
    }
}

? 2.2 創(chuàng)建測(cè)試文件

? ? 當(dāng)創(chuàng)建項(xiàng)目時(shí)，沒有選擇 Include Tests/包含測(cè)試選項(xiàng)時(shí)，需要添加文件去對(duì)應(yīng)項(xiàng)目，不然測(cè)試文件會(huì)報(bào) No such module 'XCTest' 編譯錯(cuò)誤

? ? 添加單元測(cè)試文件:

? ? 方法一 : 選擇項(xiàng)目 -> 菜單欄 Editor -> Add Target... -> 彈出對(duì)話框，選擇 Test 欄下 -> Unit Testing Bundle -> 填寫信息/可默認(rèn) -> Finish，完成創(chuàng)建單元測(cè)試文件。

? ? 方法二 : 選擇項(xiàng)目，點(diǎn)擊 PROJECT 列，最下的 + 按鈕，彈出對(duì)話框，選擇 Test 欄下，后面步驟與上一致

? ? 創(chuàng)建單元測(cè)試文件 UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_Tests.swift文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-722630.html

import XCTest
import Combine
/// 導(dǎo)入項(xiàng)目
@testable import SwiftfulThinkingAdvancedLearning

// 《Testing Swift》 測(cè)試書籍
// 書籍網(wǎng)址: https://www.hackingwithswift.com/store/testing-swift
// Naming Structure: test_UnitOfWork_StateUnderTest_ExpectedBehavior -  結(jié)構(gòu)體命名: 測(cè)試_工作單元_測(cè)試狀態(tài)_預(yù)期的行為
// Naming Structure: test_[struct or class]_[variable or function]_[expected result] - 測(cè)試_[結(jié)構(gòu)體 或者 類的名稱]_[類中的變量名 或者 函數(shù)名稱]_[預(yù)期結(jié)果 預(yù)期值]
// Testing Structure: Given, When, Then - 測(cè)試結(jié)構(gòu): 給定，什么時(shí)候，然后

final class UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_Tests: XCTestCase {
    /// 解決多次引用相同的類
    var viewModel: UnitTestingBootcampViewModel?
    var cancellables = Set<AnyCancellable>()
    
    /// 開始設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)
    override func setUpWithError() throws {
        // Put setup code here. This method is called before the invocation of each test method in the class.
        viewModel = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
    }
    
    /// 結(jié)束重置數(shù)據(jù)
    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
        // Put teardown code here. This method is called after the invocation of each test method in the class.
        viewModel = nil
        cancellables.removeAll()
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名，根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名：測(cè)試_類名稱_是否高質(zhì)量_應(yīng)該為真
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_isPremium_shouldBeTrue(){
        // Given
        let userIsPremium: Bool = true
        
        // When
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: userIsPremium)
        
        // Then
        XCTAssertTrue(vm.isPremium)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名：測(cè)試_類名稱_是否高質(zhì)量_應(yīng)該為假
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_isPremium_shouldBeFalse(){
        // Given
        let userIsPremium: Bool = false
        
        // When
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: userIsPremium)
        
        // Then
        XCTAssertFalse(vm.isPremium)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名：測(cè)試_類名稱_是否高品質(zhì)_注入值
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_isPremium_shouldBeInjectedValue(){
        // Given
        let userIsPremium: Bool = Bool.random()
        
        // When
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: userIsPremium)
        
        // Then
        XCTAssertEqual(vm.isPremium, userIsPremium)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 注入值_壓力 / for 循環(huán)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_isPremium_shouldBeInjectedValue_stress(){
        for _ in 0 ..< 10 {
            // Given
            let userIsPremium: Bool = Bool.random()
            // When
            let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: userIsPremium)
            // Then
            XCTAssertEqual(vm.isPremium, userIsPremium)
        }
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 數(shù)組_預(yù)期值：為空
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_dataArray_shouldBeEmpty(){
        // Given
        
        // When
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertTrue(vm.dataArray.isEmpty)
        XCTAssertEqual(vm.dataArray.count, 0)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 數(shù)組_預(yù)期值：添加項(xiàng)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_dataArray_shouldAddItems(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let loopCount: Int = Int.random(in: 1..<100)
        
        for _ in 0 ..< loopCount{
            vm.addItem(item: UUID().uuidString)
        }
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertTrue(!vm.dataArray.isEmpty)
        XCTAssertFalse(vm.dataArray.isEmpty)
        XCTAssertEqual(vm.dataArray.count, loopCount)
        XCTAssertNotEqual(vm.dataArray.count, 0)
        // GreaterThan 大于
        XCTAssertGreaterThan(vm.dataArray.count, 0)
        // XCTAssertGreaterThanOrEqual
        // XCTAssertLessThan
        // XCTAssertLessThanOrEqual
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 數(shù)組_預(yù)期值：添加空白字符
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_dataArray_shouldNotAddBlankString(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        vm.addItem(item: "")
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertTrue(vm.dataArray.isEmpty)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 數(shù)組_預(yù)期值：添加空白字符
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_dataArray_shouldNotAddBlankString2(){
        // Given
        guard let vm = viewModel else {
            XCTFail()
            return
        }
        
        // When
        vm.addItem(item: "")
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertTrue(vm.dataArray.isEmpty)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 選中項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：開始為空
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_selectedItem_shouldStartAsNil(){
        // Given
        
        // When
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertTrue(vm.selectedItem == nil)
        XCTAssertNil(vm.selectedItem)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 選中項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：應(yīng)該為空 當(dāng)選擇無效項(xiàng)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_selectedItem_shouldBeNilWhenSelectingInvalidItem(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // Select valid item : 選擇有效項(xiàng)
        let newItem = UUID().uuidString
        vm.addItem(item: newItem)
        vm.selectItem(item: newItem)
        
        // Select invalid item : 選擇無效項(xiàng)
        // When
        vm.selectItem(item: UUID().uuidString)
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertNil(vm.selectedItem)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 選中項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：應(yīng)該選中
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_selectedItem_shouldBeSelected(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let newItem = UUID().uuidString
        vm.addItem(item: newItem)
        vm.selectItem(item: newItem)
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertNotNil(vm.selectedItem)
        XCTAssertEqual(vm.selectedItem, newItem)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 選中項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：選中_壓力測(cè)試
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_selectedItem_shouldBeSelected_stress(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let loopCount: Int = Int.random(in: 1..<100)
        var itemsArray: [String] = []
        
        for _ in 0 ..< loopCount {
            let newItem = UUID().uuidString
            vm.addItem(item: newItem)
            itemsArray.append(newItem)
        }
        
        // 隨機(jī)取一個(gè)字符串
        let randomItem = itemsArray.randomElement() ?? ""
        // 檢查字符串不為空
        XCTAssertFalse(randomItem.isEmpty)
        vm.selectItem(item: randomItem)
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertNotNil(vm.selectedItem)
        XCTAssertEqual(vm.selectedItem, randomItem)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 保存項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：輸出錯(cuò)誤異常_元素沒找到
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_saveItem_shouldThrowError_itemNotFound(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let loopCount: Int = Int.random(in: 1..<100)
        for _ in 0 ..< loopCount {
            vm.addItem(item: UUID().uuidString)
        }
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertThrowsError(try vm.saveItem(item: UUID().uuidString))
        XCTAssertThrowsError(try vm.saveItem(item: UUID().uuidString), "Should throw Item Not Found error!") { error in
            // 返回錯(cuò)誤
            let returnedError = error as? UnitTestingBootcampViewModel.DataError
            // 判斷錯(cuò)誤是否相同
            XCTAssertEqual(returnedError, UnitTestingBootcampViewModel.DataError.itemNotFound)
        }
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 保存項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：輸出錯(cuò)誤異常_沒數(shù)據(jù)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_saveItem_shouldThrowError_noData(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let loopCount: Int = Int.random(in: 1..<100)
        for _ in 0 ..< loopCount {
            vm.addItem(item: UUID().uuidString)
        }
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        do {
            try vm.saveItem(item: "")
        } catch let error {
            // 返回錯(cuò)誤
            let returnedError = error as? UnitTestingBootcampViewModel.DataError
            // 判斷錯(cuò)誤是否相同
            XCTAssertEqual(returnedError, UnitTestingBootcampViewModel.DataError.noData)
        }
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 保存項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：保存選項(xiàng)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_saveItem_shouldSaveItem(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let loopCount: Int = Int.random(in: 1..<100)
        var itemsArray: [String] = []
        
        for _ in 0 ..< loopCount {
            let newItem = UUID().uuidString
            vm.addItem(item: newItem)
            itemsArray.append(newItem)
        }
        
        // 隨機(jī)取一個(gè)字符串
        let randomItem = itemsArray.randomElement() ?? ""
        // 檢查字符串不為空
        XCTAssertFalse(randomItem.isEmpty)
        // Then 斷言 = 判定
        XCTAssertNoThrow(try vm.saveItem(item: randomItem))
        do {
            try vm.saveItem(item: randomItem)
        } catch  {
            XCTFail()
        }
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 下載數(shù)據(jù)_預(yù)期值：返回選項(xiàng)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_downloadWithEscaping_shouldReturnItems(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let expectation = XCTestExpectation(description: "Should return items after 3 seconds")
        // dropFirst: 刪除第一個(gè)發(fā)布 數(shù)組值，因?yàn)槌跏蓟癁榭諗?shù)組，取的是第二個(gè)數(shù)組，模擬服務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)返回的數(shù)組
        vm.$dataArray
            .dropFirst()
            .sink { returnedItems in
                expectation.fulfill()
            }
            .store(in: &cancellables)
        
        vm.downloadWithEscaping()
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定 GreaterThan：大于
        // 為了安全獲取到值，設(shè)置等待 5 秒
        wait(for: [expectation], timeout: 5)
        XCTAssertGreaterThan(vm.dataArray.count, 0)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 下載數(shù)據(jù)組合_預(yù)期值：返回選項(xiàng)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_downloadWithCombine_shouldReturnItems(){
        // Given
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random())
        
        // When
        let expectation = XCTestExpectation(description: "Should return items after a seconds")
        // dropFirst: 刪除第一個(gè)發(fā)布 數(shù)組值，因?yàn)槌跏蓟癁榭諗?shù)組，取的是第二個(gè)數(shù)組，模擬服務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)返回的數(shù)組
        vm.$dataArray
            .dropFirst()
            .sink { returnedItems in
                expectation.fulfill()
            }
            .store(in: &cancellables)
        
        vm.downloadWithCombine()
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定 GreaterThan：大于
        // 為了安全獲取到值，設(shè)置等待 5 秒
        wait(for: [expectation], timeout: 5)
        XCTAssertGreaterThan(vm.dataArray.count, 0)
    }
    
    /// 單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 下載數(shù)據(jù)組合_預(yù)期值：返回選項(xiàng)
    func test_UnitTestingBootcampViewModel_downloadWithCombine_shouldReturnItems2(){
        // Given
        let items: [String] = [UUID().uuidString, UUID().uuidString, UUID().uuidString, UUID().uuidString]
        let dataService: NewDataServiceProtocol = NewMockDataService(items: items)
        let vm = UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: Bool.random(), dataService: dataService)
        
        // When
        let expectation = XCTestExpectation(description: "Should return items after a seconds")
        // dropFirst: 刪除第一個(gè)發(fā)布 數(shù)組值，因?yàn)槌跏蓟癁榭諗?shù)組，取的是第二個(gè)數(shù)組，模擬服務(wù)數(shù)據(jù)返回的數(shù)組
        vm.$dataArray
            .dropFirst()
            .sink { returnedItems in
                expectation.fulfill()
            }
            .store(in: &cancellables)
        
        vm.downloadWithCombine()
        
        // Then 斷言 = 判定 GreaterThan：大于
        // 為了安全獲取到值，設(shè)置等待 5 秒
        wait(for: [expectation], timeout: 5)
        XCTAssertGreaterThan(vm.dataArray.count, 0)
        XCTAssertEqual(vm.dataArray.count, items.count)
    }
}

3. 模擬請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù) 單元測(cè)試

? 3.1 創(chuàng)建模擬請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)類 NewMockDataService.swift

import Foundation
import SwiftUI
import Combine

/// 定義協(xié)議
protocol NewDataServiceProtocol{
    func downloadItemsWithEscaping(completion: @escaping (_ items: [String]) -> ())
    func downloadItemsWithCombine() -> AnyPublisher<[String], Error>
}

/// 實(shí)現(xiàn)模擬請(qǐng)求數(shù)據(jù)
class NewMockDataService: NewDataServiceProtocol {
    let items: [String]
    
    init(items: [String]?) {
        self.items = items ?? [
            "ONE", "TWO", "THREE"
        ]
    }
    
    /// 模擬網(wǎng)絡(luò)下載數(shù)據(jù) escaping: 轉(zhuǎn)義字符
    func downloadItemsWithEscaping(completion: @escaping (_ items: [String]) -> ()) {
        DispatchQueue.main.asyncAfter(deadline: .now() + 2) {
            completion(self.items)
        }
    }
    
    /// 下載組合
    func downloadItemsWithCombine() -> AnyPublisher<[String], Error> {
        // 數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換
        Just(self.items)
            .tryMap({ publishedItems in
                guard !publishedItems.isEmpty else {
                    throw URLError(.badServerResponse)
                }
                return publishedItems
            })
            .eraseToAnyPublisher()
    }
}

? 3.2 創(chuàng)建單元測(cè)試類 NewMockDataService_Tests.swift

import XCTest
import Combine
/// 導(dǎo)入項(xiàng)目
@testable import SwiftfulThinkingAdvancedLearning

final class NewMockDataService_Tests: XCTestCase {
    /// 隨時(shí)取消控制器
    var cancellable = Set<AnyCancellable>()
    
    override func setUpWithError() throws {
        // Put setup code here. This method is called before the invocation of each test method in the class.
    }

    override func tearDownWithError() throws {
        // Put teardown code here. This method is called after the invocation of each test method in the class.
        cancellable.removeAll()
    }
    
    //  單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 測(cè)試_類名_初始化_預(yù)期值：正確的設(shè)置值
    func test_NewMockDataService_init_doesSetValuesCorrectly() {
        // 執(zhí)行
        // Given: 給定
        let items: [String]? = nil
        let items2: [String]? = []
        let items3: [String]? = [UUID().uuidString, UUID().uuidString]
        
        // When: 時(shí)間
        let dataService = NewMockDataService(items: items)
        let dataService2 = NewMockDataService(items: items2)
        let dataService3 = NewMockDataService(items: items3)
        
        // Then 然后
        XCTAssertFalse(dataService.items.isEmpty)
        XCTAssertTrue(dataService2.items.isEmpty)
        XCTAssertEqual(dataService3.items.count, items3?.count)
    }
    
    //  單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 測(cè)試_類名_下載轉(zhuǎn)換數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)_預(yù)期值：正確的設(shè)置值
    func test_NewMockDataService_downloadItemsWithEscaping_doesReturnValues() {
        // 執(zhí)行
        // Given: 給定
        let dataService = NewMockDataService(items: nil)
        
        // When: 時(shí)間
        var items: [String] = []
        let expectation = XCTestExpectation()
        dataService.downloadItemsWithEscaping { returnedItems in
            items = returnedItems
            expectation.fulfill()
        }
        
        // Then 然后
        // 等待 5 秒
        wait(for: [expectation], timeout: 5)
        // 斷言兩個(gè)數(shù)組大小一樣
        XCTAssertEqual(items.count, dataService.items.count)
    }
    
    //  單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 測(cè)試_類名_下載數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)組合_預(yù)期值：正確的設(shè)置值
    func test_NewMockDataService_downloadItemsWithCombine_doesReturnValues() {
        // 執(zhí)行
        // Given: 給定
        let dataService = NewMockDataService(items: nil)
        
        // When: 時(shí)間
        var items: [String] = []
        let expectation = XCTestExpectation()
        
        // 下載組合控制
        dataService.downloadItemsWithCombine()
            .sink { completion in
                switch completion{
                case .finished:
                    expectation.fulfill()
                case .failure:
                    XCTFail()
                }
            } receiveValue: {returnedItems in
                // fulfill: 完成
                items = returnedItems
            }
            .store(in: &cancellable)
        // Then 然后
        // 等待 5 秒
        wait(for: [expectation], timeout: 5)
        // 斷言兩個(gè)數(shù)組大小一樣
        XCTAssertEqual(items.count, dataService.items.count)
    }
    
    //  單元測(cè)試函數(shù)名 根據(jù)命名規(guī)則命名 - 測(cè)試_類名_下載數(shù)據(jù)項(xiàng)組合_預(yù)期值：確實(shí)失敗
    func test_NewMockDataService_downloadItemsWithCombine_doesFail() {
        // 執(zhí)行
        // Given: 給定
        let dataService = NewMockDataService(items: [])
        
        // When: 時(shí)間
        var items: [String] = []
        let expectation = XCTestExpectation(description: "Does throw an error")
        let expectation2 = XCTestExpectation(description: "Does throw URLError.badServerResponse")
        // 下載組合控制
        dataService.downloadItemsWithCombine()
            .sink { completion in
                switch completion{
                case .finished:
                    XCTFail()
                case .failure(let error):
                    expectation.fulfill()
                    
                    //let urlError = error as? URLError
                    // 斷言，判定
                    //XCTAssertEqual(urlError, URLError(.badServerResponse))
                    
                    // 錯(cuò)誤判斷
                    if error as? URLError == URLError(.badServerResponse) {
                        expectation2.fulfill()
                    }
                }
            } receiveValue: {returnedItems in
                // fulfill: 完成
                items = returnedItems
            }
            .store(in: &cancellable)
        // Then 然后
        // 等待 5 秒
        wait(for: [expectation, expectation2], timeout: 5)
        // 斷言兩個(gè)數(shù)組大小一樣
        XCTAssertEqual(items.count, dataService.items.count)
    }
}

4. 創(chuàng)建單元測(cè)試 View，調(diào)用測(cè)試的 ViewModel UnitTestingBootcampView.swift

import SwiftUI

/*
 1. Unit Test : 單元測(cè)試
 - test the business logic in your app : 測(cè)試應(yīng)用中的業(yè)務(wù)邏輯
 
 2. UI  Test :  界面測(cè)試
 - test the UI of your app : 測(cè)試應(yīng)用中的界面
 */

/// 單元測(cè)試
struct UnitTestingBootcampView: View {
    @StateObject private var vm: UnitTestingBootcampViewModel
    
    init(isPremium: Bool){
        _vm = StateObject(wrappedValue: UnitTestingBootcampViewModel(isPremium: isPremium))
    }
    
    var body: some View {
        Text(vm.isPremium.description)
    }
}

struct UnitTestingBootcampView_Previews: PreviewProvider {
    static var previews: some View {
        UnitTestingBootcampView(isPremium: true)
    }
}

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