SAP-C01變成SAP-C02的時候，最大的變化就是沒有把成本單獨(dú)列出一個模塊，但是成本依然包含在各個其它模塊之中，所以成本還是很重要的。本章將列舉一些成本優(yōu)化方案以及一些成本輔助功能。

1 Cost Allocation Tags

Cost Allocation Tags（成本分配標(biāo)簽），簡單來說，就是為你的資源設(shè)置一個成本標(biāo)簽，然后這個標(biāo)簽在賬單中會出現(xiàn)為一列，通過這一列你可以歸類你各項(xiàng)成本支出。比如你可以把部門作為標(biāo)簽，這樣你就可以統(tǒng)計每個部門的支出，可以把支出目的作為標(biāo)簽，這樣你就可以統(tǒng)計每類支出的情況。
這是一項(xiàng)很好的成本管理功能，在考試中或者實(shí)踐中都是常用成本管理的手段。

• 運(yùn)行你自己定義標(biāo)簽
• 所有區(qū)域可用

例題：A large company recently experienced an unexpected increase in Amazon RDS and Amazon DynamoDB costs. The company needs to increase visibility into delays of AWS Billing and Cost Management. There are various accounts associated with AWS Organizations, including many development and production accounts. There is no consistent tagging strategy across the organization, but there are guidelines in place that require all infrastructure to be deployed using
AWS CloudFormation with consistent tagging. Management requires cost center numbers and project ID numbers for all existing and future DynamoDB tables and
RDS distances.
Which strategy should the solutions architect provide to meet these requirements?
A. Use Tag Editor to tag existing resources. Create cost allocation tags to define the cost center and project ID and allow 24 hours for tags to propagate to existing resources.
B. Use an AWS Config rule to alert the finance team of untagged resources. Create a centralized AWS Lambda based solution to tag untagged RDS databases and DynamoDB resources every hour using a cross-account role.
C. Use Tag Editor to tag existing resources. Create cost allocation tags to define the cost center and project ID. Use SCPs to restrict resource creation that do not have the cost center and project ID on the resource.
D. Create cost allocation tags to define the cost center and project ID and allow 24 hours for tags to propagate to existing resources. Update existing federated roles to restrict privileges to provision resources that do not include the cost center and project ID on the resource.
答案：C
答案解析：題目要求對AWS上的資源歸類到各個成本中心和各個項(xiàng)目。因此采用標(biāo)簽是最好的，那么只有A選項(xiàng)和C選項(xiàng)。A選項(xiàng)沒有解決“管理層需要所有現(xiàn)有和未來DynamoDB表和RDS實(shí)例的成本中心編號和項(xiàng)目ID編號”的需求，因此選擇C選項(xiàng)。

2 AWS Trusted Advisor

AWS Trusted Advisor 可檢查您的 AWS 環(huán)境，然后?在有可能節(jié)省開支、提高系統(tǒng)可用性和性能或彌補(bǔ)安全漏洞時為您提供建議。也就是它是一個全局檢測工具，檢測后將對你目前的情況給出建議性報告，報告中包括5類建議：

• Cost optimization（成本優(yōu)化）– 可能會為您節(jié)省成本的建議。這些檢查突出顯示未使用的資源和減少賬單的機(jī)會。（這個功能考試中會出現(xiàn)在一些選題選項(xiàng)中）
• 性能 – 可以提高您的應(yīng)用程序速度和響應(yīng)能力的建議。
• 安全 – 可以使您的 AWS 解決方案更加安全的安全設(shè)置的建議。
• Fault tolerance（容錯能力）– 可幫助提高您的AWS解決方案的彈性的建議。這些檢查突出顯示冗余不足、當(dāng)前服務(wù)限制（也稱為配額）和過度使用的資源。
• Service limits（服務(wù)限制）– 檢查您賬戶的使用情況以及您的賬戶是否接近或超過AWS服務(wù)和資源的限制（也稱為配額）。

2.1 AWS Support Plans

您可以根據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)需求更改賬戶的 AWS Support Plans（也就是AWS的支持）。包括5種不同的支持

• Basic 和 Developer只有7項(xiàng)核心檢查
• Business 和 Enterprise可以獲得全套檢查并且有程序化API支持

2.2 基本特性

• 支持S3的bucket是否public檢查，但不支持S3的對象是否public檢查（對于S3的對象檢查public可以通過CloudWatch Events或者S3 Events來做）
• Trusted Advisor只是提供建議，但不能限制（如果要限制可以使用AWS Support Center）

2.3 Service Quotas

使用 Service Quotas，可以在一個中心控制臺查看和管理自己的配額AWS 服務(wù)。

3 Saving Plan（計算資源）

Saving Plan提供按需費(fèi)率以外的優(yōu)惠，以換取承諾在一到三年內(nèi)使用指定數(shù)量的計算能力（按小時計量）。您可以使用Cost Explorer中的AWS建議、績效報告和預(yù)算提醒來管理您的計劃。簡單理解，它就類似與EC2的 Reserved Instances(預(yù)留實(shí)例) ，只不過它的范圍更加廣泛，包括EC2 、Fargate、AWS Lambda和SageMake等

• Compute Savings Plans：提供了最大的靈活性和價格，最多可比按需費(fèi)率低66％。這些計劃自動適用于您的 EC2 實(shí)例使用情況，無論實(shí)例系列（例如 m5、c5 等）、實(shí)例大?。ɡ?c5.large、c5.xlarge 等）、區(qū)域（例如 us-east-1、us-east-2 等）、操作系統(tǒng)（例如 Windows、Linux 等）或租期（例如，專用、默認(rèn)、專用主機(jī)）如何。它們也適用于你對 Fargate 和 Lambda 的使用。

例題：A company is running an event ticketing platform on AWS and wants to optimize the platform’s cost-effectiveness. The platform is deployed on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) with Amazon EC2 and is backed by an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. The company is developing new application features to run on Amazon EKS with AWS Fargate.
The platform experiences infrequent high peaks in demand. The surges in demand depend on event dates.
Which solution will provide the MOST cost-effective setup for the platform?
A. Purchase Standard Reserved Instances for the EC2 instances that the EKS cluster uses in its baseline load. Scale the cluster with Spot Instances to handle peaks. Purchase 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet predicted peak load for the year.
B. Purchase Compute Savings Plans for the predicted medium load of the EKS cluster. Scale the cluster with On-Demand Capacity Reservations based on event dates for peaks. Purchase 1-year No Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet the predicted base load. Temporarily scale out database read replicas during peaks.
C. Purchase EC2 Instance Savings Plans for the predicted base load of the EKS cluster. Scale the cluster with Spot Instances to handle peaks. Purchase 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet the predicted base load. Temporarily scale up the DB instance manually during peaks.
D. Purchase Compute Savings Plans for the predicted base load of the EKS cluster. Scale the cluster with Spot Instances to handle peaks. Purchase 1-year All Upfront Reserved Instances for the database to meet the predicted base load. Temporarily scale up the DB instance manually during peaks.
答案：B
答案解析：題目需要 MOST cost-effective的需求。A選項(xiàng)Spot Instances不可靠；C選項(xiàng)和D選項(xiàng)數(shù)據(jù)庫成本過高。因此選擇B選項(xiàng)。

• EC2 Instance Savings Plans：提供高達(dá) 72% 的按需優(yōu)惠，以換取對選定AWS區(qū)域（例如，弗吉尼亞州 M5）的特定實(shí)例系列的承諾。這些計劃自動適用于區(qū)域中指定系列中的使用情況，無論大?。ɡ鏼5.xlargem5.2xlarge、、等）、操作系統(tǒng)（例如 Windows、Linux 等）和租期（主機(jī)、專用、默認(rèn)）如何。

4 S3 Cost Saving（存儲資源）

S3在我們整個架構(gòu)中經(jīng)常會使用到的一個存儲類型，對于它來說會占我們成本比較多一部分，如何優(yōu)化S3的存儲成本，以下給出一些建議：

• 使用S3的生命周期去分層存儲節(jié)省成本
• 壓縮對象存儲節(jié)省成本
• S3 Requester Pays：我們知道S3不止有存儲費(fèi)用，還有請求費(fèi)用，S3 Requester Pays就是由第三方請求的費(fèi)用由第三方付費(fèi)。
• S3有不同類型，根據(jù)不同類型選擇符合需求的（如S3 standard和S3 Glacier等），下表給出一些不同類型的特性，根據(jù)特性選擇自身需求的類型
  

5 AWS Storage Services Price Comparison（不同存儲資源的價格對比）

以下是S3、EBS、EFS的存儲資源價格對比。在考試中可能會出現(xiàn)選擇價格最便宜的方案：

例題：A company is planning to store a large number of archived documents and make the documents available to employees through the corporate intranet. Employees will access the system by connecting through a client VPN service that is attached to a VPC. The data must not be accessible to the public.
The documents that the company is storing are copies of data that is held on physical media elsewhere. The number of requests will be low. Availability and speed of retrieval are not concerns of the company.
Which solution will meet these requirements at the LOWEST cost?
A. Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure the S3 bucket to use the S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access (S3 One Zone-IA) storage class as default. Configure the S3 bucket for website hosting. Create an S3 interface endpoint. Configure the S3 bucket to allow access only through that endpoint.
B. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance that runs a web server. Attach an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system to store the archived data in the EFS One Zone-Infrequent Access (EFS One Zone-IA) storage class Configure the instance security groups to allow access only from private networks.
C. Launch an Amazon EC2 instance that runs a web server Attach an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volume to store the archived data. Use the Cold HDD (sc1) volume type. Configure the instance security groups to allow access only from private networks.
D. Create an Amazon S3 bucket. Configure the S3 bucket to use the S3 Glacier Deep Archive storage class as default. Configure the S3 bucket for website hosting. Create an S3 interface endpoint. Configure the S3 bucket to allow access only through that endpoint.
答案：A
答案解析：題目要求存儲文檔且成本最低。EFS > EBS > S3 >S3 Glacier。但是由于S3 Glacier訪問需要幾個小時，因此答案選擇A選項(xiàng)。

6 AWS Billing and Cost Management

AWS Billing and Cost Management具有可用于預(yù)算和預(yù)測成本的功能，以及用于優(yōu)化定價以減少總AWS賬單的方法。AWS成本管理控制臺與賬單控制臺緊密集成。將兩者結(jié)合使用，您可以全面管理成本。其中有3個重要部分需要關(guān)注，分別是Budgets、Cost Explorer和Billing preferences page

6.1 Budgets

使用 Budgets 來跟蹤AWS成本和使用情況并執(zhí)行操作。您可以使用 AWS Budgets 監(jiān)控預(yù)留實(shí)例 (RI) 或 Savings Plans 的聚合利用率和覆蓋率指標(biāo)。

• 創(chuàng)建Budgets可以在超出預(yù)算是發(fā)出警告
• 有以下5種不同的Budgets類型
  1）Cost budgets：規(guī)劃您想要為某項(xiàng)服務(wù)花費(fèi)多少。
  2）Usage budgets：規(guī)劃您要使用一個或多個服務(wù)的程度。
  3）RI utilization budgets：定義使用率閾值，并在 RI 使用率低于該閾值時接收提醒。這使您可以查看 RI 是否未使用或未充分利用。
  4）RI coverage budgets：定義覆蓋率閾值，并在 RI 所覆蓋的實(shí)例小時數(shù)低于該閾值時接收提醒。這使您可以查看預(yù)留所覆蓋的實(shí)例使用量的多少。
  5）Savings Plans utilization budgets：定義使用率閾值，并在 Savings Plans 的使用率低于該閾值時接收提醒。這使您可以查看 Savings Plans 是否未使用或未充分利用。
  6）Savings Plans coverage budgets：定義覆蓋率閾值，并在 Savings Plans 覆蓋的 Savings Plans 合格使用量低于該閾值時接收提醒。這使您可以查看 Savings Plans 所覆蓋的實(shí)例使用量的多少。
• 可以通過SNS集成發(fā)送不同的通知如：電子郵件、短信等
• 還能設(shè)置過濾條件
• 支持3種超出預(yù)算警戒線后操作，如下表
  
  （注意：利用organization中的OU，規(guī)定OU的總體預(yù)算，這個考試中出現(xiàn)過，如下的典型架構(gòu)）

6.1.1 典型架構(gòu)

• 中央預(yù)算控制
  

例題：A company wants to change its internal cloud billing strategy for each of its business units. Currently, the cloud governance team shares reports for overall cloud spending with the head of each business unit. The company uses AWS Organizations to manage the separate AWS accounts for each business unit. The existing tagging standard in Organizations includes the application, environment, and owner. The cloud governance team wants a centralized solution so each business unit receives monthly reports on its cloud spending. The solution should also send notifications for any cloud spending that exceeds a set threshold.
Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to meet these requirements?
A. Configure AWS Budgets in each account and configure budget alerts that are grouped by application, environment, and owner. Add each business unit to an Amazon SNS topic for each alert. Use Cost Explorer in each account to create monthly reports for each business unit.
B. Configure AWS Budgets in the organization’s master account and configure budget alerts that are grouped by application, environment, and owner. Add each business unit to an Amazon SNS topic for each alert. Use Cost Explorer in the organization’s master account to create monthly reports for each business unit.
C. Configure AWS Budgets in each account and configure budget alerts that are grouped by application, environment, and owner. Add each business unit to an Amazon SNS topic for each alert. Use the AWS Billing and Cost Management dashboard in each account to create monthly reports for each business unit.
D. Enable AWS Cost and Usage Reports in the organization’s master account and configure reports grouped by application, environment, and owner. Create an AWS Lambda function that processes AWS Cost and Usage Reports, sends budget alerts, and sends monthly reports to each business unit’s email list.
答案：B
答案分析：組織統(tǒng)一支出管理，采用的就是中央預(yù)算控制架構(gòu)。在master賬號配置AWS Budgets，在通過Cost Explorer創(chuàng)建月度報告，因此選擇B選項(xiàng)

例題：A company has created an OU in AWS Organizations for each of its engineering teams. Each OU owns multiple AWS accounts. The organization has hundreds of AWS accounts.
A solutions architect must design a solution so that each OU can view a breakdown of usage costs across its AWS accounts.
Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) for each OU by using AWS Resource Access Manager. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
B. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) from the AWS Organizations management account. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
C. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) in each AWS Organizations member account. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through an Amazon QuickSight dashboard.
D. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report (CUR) by using AWS Systems Manager. Allow each team to visualize the CUR through Systems Manager OpsCenter dashboards.
答案：B
答案解析：題目要求生成使用成本明細(xì)，并且讓每個OU查看其賬戶使用成本明細(xì)，A 選項(xiàng)Resource Access Manager.不能創(chuàng)建CUR；C選項(xiàng)雖然可行，但是效率不高，不符合集中賬本管理，因?yàn)樗枰獮樗袔魟?chuàng)建一個CUR；D選項(xiàng)明顯描述錯誤；因此選擇B，在集中賬戶management account創(chuàng)建CUR，然后通過QuickSight 共享。

例題：A company recently acquired several other companies. Each company has a separate AWS account with a different billing and reporting method. The acquiring company has consolidated all the accounts into one organization in AWS Organizations. However, the acquiring company has found it difficult to generate a cost report that contains meaningful groups for all the teams.
The acquiring company’s finance team needs a solution to report on costs for all the companies through a self-managed application.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report for the organization. Define tags and cost categories in the report. Create a table in Amazon Athena. Create an Amazon QuickSight dataset based on the Athena table. Share the dataset with the finance team.
B. Create an AWS Cost and Usage Report for the organization. Define tags and cost categories in the report. Create a specialized template in AWS Cost Explorer that the finance department will use to build reports.
C. Create an Amazon QuickSight dataset that receives spending information from the AWS Price List Query API. Share the dataset with the finance team.
D. Use the AWS Price List Query API to collect account spending information. Create a specialized template in AWS Cost Explorer that the finance department will use to build reports.
答案：A
答案解析：B選項(xiàng)因?yàn)樗鼪]有提供查詢和生成所有公司成本報告的方法。C選項(xiàng)因?yàn)樗惶峁﹣碜訟WS價格表查詢API的支出信息，而不提供不同公司的詳細(xì)成本報告。D選項(xiàng)因?yàn)樗皇褂肁WS價格表查詢API，而不提供查詢和生成所有公司成本報告的方法。因此選擇A選項(xiàng)。

例題：A company has hundreds of AWS accounts. The company uses an organization in AWS Organizations to manage all the accounts. The company has turned on all features.
A finance team has allocated a daily budget for AWS costs. The finance team must receive an email notification if the organization’s AWS costs exceed 80% of the allocated budget. A solutions architect needs to implement a solution to track the costs and deliver the notifications.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. In the organization’s management account, use AWS Budgets to create a budget that has a daily period. Add an alert threshold and set the value to 80%. Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to notify the finance team.
B. In the organization’s management account, set up the organizational view feature for AWS Trusted Advisor. Create an organizational view report for cost optimization. Set an alert threshold of 80%. Configure notification preferences. Add the email addresses of the finance team.
C. Register the organization with AWS Control Tower. Activate the optional cost control (guardrail). Set a control (guardrail) parameter of 80%. Configure control (guardrail) notification preferences. Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to notify the finance team.
D. Configure the member accounts to save a daily AWS Cost and Usage Report to an Amazon S3 bucket in the organization’s management account. Use Amazon EventBridge to schedule a daily Amazon Athena query to calculate the organization’s costs. Configure Athena to send an Amazon CloudWatch alert if the total costs are more than 80% of the allocated budget. Use Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) to notify the finance team.
答案：A
答案解析：題目要求組織預(yù)算超過80%則發(fā)出通知。B.不需要Trusted Advisor用于分析成本情況.。C選項(xiàng)Control Tower用于控制權(quán)限。D選項(xiàng)Budget可以直接在AWS Budgets管理，不需要這么復(fù)雜配置。因此選擇A選項(xiàng)

例題：A company has five development teams that have each created five AWS accounts to develop and host applications. To track spending, the development teams log in to each account every month, record the current cost from the AWS Billing and Cost Management console, and provide the information to the company’s finance team.
The company has strict compliance requirements and needs to ensure that resources are created only in AWS Regions in the United States. However, some resources have been created in other Regions.
A solutions architect needs to implement a solution that gives the finance team the ability to track and consolidate expenditures for all the accounts. The solution also must ensure that the company can create resources only in Regions in the United States.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way? (Choose three.)
A. Create a new account to serve as a management account. Create an Amazon S3 bucket for the finance team. Use AWS Cost and Usage Reports to create monthly reports and to store the data in the finance team’s S3 bucket.
B. Create a new account to serve as a management account. Deploy an organization in AWS Organizations with all features enabled. Invite all the existing accounts to the organization. Ensure that each account accepts the invitation.
C. Create an OU that includes all the development teams. Create an SCP that allows the creation of resources only in Regions that are in the United States. Apply the SCP to the OU.
D. Create an OU that includes all the development teams. Create an SCP that denies the creation of resources in Regions that are outside the United States. Apply the SCP to the OU.
E. Create an IAM role in the management account. Attach a policy that includes permissions to view the Billing and Cost Management console. Allow the finance team users to assume the role. Use AWS Cost Explorer and the Billing and Cost Management console to analyze cost.
F. Create an IAM role in each AWS account. Attach a policy that includes permissions to view the Billing and Cost Management console. Allow the finance team users to assume the role.
答案：BDE
答案解析：題目要求控制在某個區(qū)域創(chuàng)建資源，同時要統(tǒng)一管理賬戶的成本。A選項(xiàng)僅僅創(chuàng)建一個管理賬戶，并沒有使用組織架構(gòu)，無法形成中央成本控制架構(gòu)。C選項(xiàng)會導(dǎo)致其它允許規(guī)則也能生效，從而導(dǎo)致可以在美國之外創(chuàng)建資源，如果是D選項(xiàng)拒絕規(guī)則則優(yōu)先級高于允許規(guī)則。F選項(xiàng)在每個賬戶創(chuàng)建一個角色會是比較費(fèi)時的管理方式，也與開始創(chuàng)建管理賬戶的意義就不存在了。因此選擇BDE。

• 分散預(yù)算控制
  

6.2 Cost Explorer

Cost Explorer 是一個可讓您查看和分析成本與使用情況的工具。您可以使用主圖表、Cost Explorer 成本和使用情況報告或 Cost Explorer RI 報告來探索您的使用情況和成本。

• 創(chuàng)建自定義報告查看成本使用情況
• 可以基于月、小時維度
• 可以預(yù)測未來12個月的成本（考試中出現(xiàn)過）

例題：A company’s factory and automation applications are running in a single VPC. More than 20 applications run on a combination of Amazon EC2, Amazon Elastic
Container Service (Amazon ECS), and Amazon RDS.
The company has software engineers spread across three teams. One of the three teams owns each application, and each time is responsible for the cost and performance of all of its applications. Team resources have tags that represent their application and team. The teams use IAM access for daily activities.
The company needs to determine which costs on the monthly AWS bill are attributable to each application or team. The company also must be able to create reports to compare costs from the last 12 months and to help forecast costs for the next 12 months. A solutions architect must recommend an AWS Billing and
Cost Management solution that provides these cost reports.
Which combination of actions will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)
A. Activate the user-define cost allocation tags that represent the application and the team.
B. Activate the AWS generated cost allocation tags that represent the application and the team.
C. Create a cost category for each application in Billing and Cost Management.
D. Activate IAM access to Billing and Cost Management.
E. Create a cost budget.
F. Enable Cost Explorer.
答案：ACF
答案解析：題目關(guān)鍵需求是確定每個應(yīng)用的賬單費(fèi)用，同時要創(chuàng)建月報賬單，且要預(yù)測未來12個月的預(yù)算。A選項(xiàng)首先是創(chuàng)建和應(yīng)用自定義標(biāo)簽后，可以激活它們進(jìn)行成本分配；C選項(xiàng)創(chuàng)建分類就是為了區(qū)分每個應(yīng)用；F選項(xiàng)選擇Cost Explorer可以查看過去12個月的數(shù)據(jù)，預(yù)測未來12個月。因此選擇ACF。

例題：A company that has multiple AWS accounts is using AWS Organizations. The company’s AWS accounts host VPCs, Amazon EC2 instances, and containers.
The company’s compliance team has deployed a security tool in each VPC where the company has deployments. The security tools run on EC2 instances and send information to the AWS account that is dedicated for the compliance team. The company has tagged all the compliance-related resources with a key of “costCenter” and a value or “compliance”.
The company wants to identify the cost of the security tools that are running on the EC2 instances so that the company can charge the compliance team’s AWS account. The cost calculation must be as accurate as possible.
What should a solutions architect do to meet these requirements?
A. In the management account of the organization, activate the costCenter user-defined tag. Configure monthly AWS Cost and Usage Reports to save to an Amazon S3 bucket in the management account. Use the tag breakdown in the report to obtain the total cost for the costCenter tagged resources.
B. In the member accounts of the organization, activate the costCenter user-defined tag. Configure monthly AWS Cost and Usage Reports to save to an Amazon S3 bucket in the management account. Schedule a monthly AWS Lambda function to retrieve the reports and calculate the total cost for the costCenter tagged resources.
C. In the member accounts of the organization activate the costCenter user-defined tag. From the management account, schedule a monthly AWS Cost and Usage Report. Use the tag breakdown in the report to calculate the total cost for the costCenter tagged resources.
D. Create a custom report in the organization view in AWS Trusted Advisor. Configure the report to generate a monthly billing summary for the costCenter tagged resources in the compliance team’s AWS account.
答案：A
答案解析：B選項(xiàng)在成員賬戶中生成在匯總會很麻煩。C選項(xiàng)只有組織中的管理帳戶和非組織成員的單個帳戶才能訪問Billing and cost management控制臺中的成本分配標(biāo)記管理器。D選項(xiàng)Trusted Advisor不是用來統(tǒng)計成本的。因此答案選擇A選項(xiàng)

例題：A company uses AWS Organizations to manage its AWS accounts. The company needs a list of all its Amazon EC2 instances that have underutilized CPU or memory usage. The company also needs recommendations for how to downsize these underutilized instances.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST effort?
A. Install a CPU and memory monitoring tool from AWS Marketplace on all the EC2 instances. Store the findings in Amazon S3. Implement a Python script to identify underutilized instances. Reference EC2 instance pricing information for recommendations about downsizing options.
B. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on all the EC2 instances by using AWS Systems Manager. Retrieve the resource optimization recommendations from AWS Cost Explorer in the organization’s management account. Use the recommendations to downsize underutilized instances in all accounts of the organization.
C. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on all the EC2 instances by using AWS Systems Manager. Retrieve the resource optimization recommendations from AWS Cost Explorer in each account of the organization. Use the recommendations to downsize underutilized instances in all accounts of the organization.
D. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on all the EC2 instances by using AWS Systems Manager. Create an AWS Lambda function to extract CPU and memory usage from all the EC2 instances. Store the findings as files in Amazon S3. Use Amazon Athena to find underutilized instances. Reference EC2 instance pricing information for recommendations about downsizing options.
答案：B
答案解析：題目要求對EC2資源提出優(yōu)化建議，并且 LEAST effort。A選項(xiàng)引入第三方軟件，增加開發(fā)和維護(hù)成本。C選項(xiàng)分開在每個賬號不是一個很好的管理模式。D選項(xiàng)使用AWS服務(wù)，但是相對于B選項(xiàng)需要引入過多內(nèi)容。因此最佳選項(xiàng)為B選項(xiàng)

6.3 Billing preferences page

在AWS Billing and Cost Management中有個賬單首選項(xiàng)（Billing preferences page），該頁面有以下幾個功能：

• 發(fā)票交付首選項(xiàng)（Invoice delivery preferences）：通過電子郵件接收月度發(fā)票的 PDF 副本
• 提醒首選項(xiàng)（Alert preferences）：當(dāng)您的 AWS 服務(wù) 使用量接近或超過 AWS Free Tier 使用限制時，您可以收到電子郵件提醒。
• 服務(wù)抵扣金共享首選項(xiàng)（Credit sharing preferences）：激活在賬單系列的成員賬戶之間共享服務(wù)抵扣金的功能。您可以選擇為特定的賬戶或者為所有賬戶啟用共享。
• 預(yù)留實(shí)例和節(jié)省計劃折扣共享首選項(xiàng)（Reserved Instances and Savings Plans discount sharing preferences）：可以在賬單系列中的賬戶之間共享預(yù)留實(shí)例和節(jié)省計劃折扣。您可以選擇為特定的賬戶或者為所有賬戶啟用共享。

例題：A retail company has structured its AWS accounts to be part of an organization in AWS Organizations. The company has set up consolidated billing and has mapped its departments to the following OUs: Finance, Sales, Human Resources (HR), Marketing, and Operations. Each OU has multiple AWS accounts, one for each environment within a department. These environments are development, test, pre-production, and production.
The HR department is releasing a new system that will launch in 3 months. In preparation, the HR department has purchased several Reserved Instances (RIs) in its production AWS account. The HR department will install the new application on this account. The HR department wants to make sure that other departments cannot share the RI discounts.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. In the AWS Billing and Cost Management console for the HR department’s production account turn off RI sharing.
B. Remove the HR department’s production AWS account from the organization. Add the account to the consolidating billing configuration only.
C. In the AWS Billing and Cost Management console. use the organization’s management account to turn off RI Sharing for the HR departments production AWS account.
D. Create an SCP in the organization to restrict access to the RIs. Apply the SCP to the OUs of the other departments.
答案：C
答案解析：Billing Dashboard—>Billing preferences，此選項(xiàng)用于選擇啟用/禁用RI折扣共享

7 AWS Compute Optimizer

AWS Compute Optimizer 是一種服務(wù)，用于分析 AWS 資源的配置和利用率指標(biāo)。它將報告您的資源是否處于最佳狀態(tài)并生成優(yōu)化建議，以降低成本并提高工作負(fù)載的性能。

• 支持EC2、ASG、EBS、Lambda、Fargate
• 底層基于機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)和metric的CloudWatch做優(yōu)化
• 建議可以導(dǎo)出到S3
• 內(nèi)存需要安裝CloudWatch Agent（注意：此處考試中出現(xiàn)過收集優(yōu)化內(nèi)存建議）

例題：A solutions architect must analyze a company’s Amazon EC2 instances and Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes to determine whether the company is using resources efficiently. The company is running several large, high-memory EC2 instances to host database clusters that are deployed in active/ passive configurations. The utilization of these EC2 instances varies by the applications that use the databases, and the company has not identified a pattern.
The solutions architect must analyze the environment and take action based on the findings.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Create a dashboard by using AWS Systems Manager OpsCenter. Configure visualizations for Amazon CloudWatch metrics that are associated with the EC2 instances and their EBS volumes. Review the dashboard periodically, and identify usage patterns. Rightsize the EC2 instances based on the peaks in the metrics.
B. Turn on Amazon CloudWatch detailed monitoring for the EC2 instances and their EBS volumes. Create and review a dashboard that is based on the metrics. Identify usage patterns. Rightsize the EC2 instances based on the peaks in the metrics.
C. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent on each of the EC2 instances. Turn on AWS Compute Optimizer, and let it run for at least 12 hours. Review the recommendations from Compute Optimizer, and rightsize the EC2 instances as directed.
D. Sign up for the AWS Enterprise Support plan. Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor. Wait 12 hours. Review the recommendations from Trusted Advisor, and rightsize the EC2 instances as directed.
答案：C
答案解析：題目需要分析EC2、EBS的使用率，并給出優(yōu)化意見。A選項(xiàng)使用OpsCenter，OpsCenter是識別資源的問題，如實(shí)例失敗等。不是為了成本優(yōu)化；B選項(xiàng)只是采集，但沒有內(nèi)存采集，且沒有優(yōu)化建議；D選項(xiàng)效率過低。因此選擇C。

例題：A company runs a new application as a static website in Amazon S3. The company has deployed the application to a production AWS account and uses Amazon CloudFront to deliver the website. The website calls an Amazon API Gateway REST API. An AWS Lambda function backs each API method.
The company wants to create a CSV report every 2 weeks to show each API Lambda function’s recommended configured memory, recommended cost, and the price difference between current configurations and the recommendations. The company will store the reports in an S3 bucket.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development time?
A. Create a Lambda function that extracts metrics data for each API Lambda function from Amazon CloudWatch Logs for the 2-week period. Collate the data into tabular format. Store the data as a .csv file in an S3 bucket. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to schedule the Lambda function to run every 2 weeks.
B. Opt in to AWS Compute Optimizer. Create a Lambda function that calls the ExportLambdaFunctionRecommendations operation. Export the .csv file to an S3 bucket. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to schedule the Lambda function to run every 2 weeks.
C. Opt in to AWS Compute Optimizer. Set up enhanced infrastructure metrics. Within the Compute Optimizer console, schedule a job to export the Lambda recommendations to a .csv file. Store the file in an S3 bucket every 2 weeks.
D. Purchase the AWS Business Support plan for the production account. Opt in to AWS Compute Optimizer for AWS Trusted Advisor checks. In the Trusted Advisor console, schedule a job to export the cost optimization checks to a .csv file. Store the file in an S3 bucket every 2 weeks.
答案：B
答案解析：題目要求計算各個API Lambda的推薦內(nèi)存、成本等，并且LEAST development time。A選項(xiàng)因?yàn)樗枰_發(fā)一個Lambda函數(shù)，該函數(shù)提取度量數(shù)據(jù)并將其整理成表格格式，這會增加開發(fā)時間；C選項(xiàng)因?yàn)樗枰⒃鰪?qiáng)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施度量，這會增加開發(fā)時間。D選項(xiàng)因?yàn)樗枰徺IAWS業(yè)務(wù)支持計劃并使用Trusted Advisor控制臺，這會增加開發(fā)時間。因此選擇B選項(xiàng)。

例題：A company runs many workloads on AWS and uses AWS Organizations to manage its accounts. The workloads are hosted on Amazon EC2, AWS Fargate, and
AWS Lambda. Some of the workloads have unpredictable demand. Accounts record high usage in some months and low usage in other months.
The company wants to optimize its compute costs over the next 3 years. A solutions architect obtains a 6-month average for each of the accounts across the organization to calculate usage.
Which solution will provide the MOST cost savings for all the organization’s compute usage?
A. Purchase Reserved Instances for the organization to match the size and number of the most common EC2 instances from the member accounts.
B. Purchase a Compute Savings Plan for the organization from the management account by using the recommendation at the management account level.
C. Purchase Reserved Instances for each member account that had high EC2 usage according to the data from the last 6 months.
D. Purchase an EC2 Instance Savings Plan for each member account from the management account based on EC2 usage data from the last 6 months.
答案：B
答案解析：題目要求優(yōu)化未來3年計算成本，因此使用Compute Savings Plan最合適

例題：A solutions architect wants to cost-optimize and appropriately size Amazon EC2 instances in a single AWS account. The solutions architect wants to ensure that the instances are optimized based on CPU, memory, and network metrics.
Which combination of steps should the solutions architect take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Purchase AWS Business Support or AWS Enterprise Support for the account.
B. Turn on AWS Trusted Advisor and review any “Low Utilization Amazon EC2 Instances” recommendations.
C. Install the Amazon CloudWatch agent and configure memory metric collection on the EC2 instances.
D. Configure AWS Compute Optimizer in the AWS account to receive findings and optimization recommendations.
E. Create an EC2 Instance Savings Plan for the AWS Regions, instance families, and operating systems of interest.
答案：CD
答案解析：題目要求對EC2進(jìn)行監(jiān)控，看看是否存在成本優(yōu)化。A選項(xiàng)和B選項(xiàng)都是企業(yè)級服務(wù)，反而會導(dǎo)致成本過高。E選項(xiàng)通過Savings Plan是成本優(yōu)化解決方案，不是用于看看是否存在成本優(yōu)化。因此選擇CD。文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-721702.html

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