摘要

在Kubernetes中，PV（Persistent Volume）和PVC（Persistent Volume Claim）是用于管理持久化存儲的重要資源對象。PV表示存儲的實際資源，而PVC表示對PV的聲明性要求。當應用程序需要使用持久化存儲時，它可以通過創(chuàng)建PVC來請求和使用PV。以下是使用PV和PVC時的一些注意事項：

1. 定義存儲類別（Storage Class）：在創(chuàng)建PV和PVC之前，需要先定義存儲類別。存儲類別定義了如何將存儲提供給應用程序，例如使用網(wǎng)絡存儲，本地存儲等。對PV和PVC進行配對時，需要確保它們使用相同的存儲類別。
2. PV的訪問模式（Access Mode）：PV可以有不同的訪問模式，包括ReadWriteOnce（單節(jié)點讀寫）、ReadOnlyMany（多節(jié)點只讀）和ReadWriteMany（多節(jié)點讀寫）。在創(chuàng)建PVC時，需要根據(jù)應用程序的要求選擇正確的訪問模式。
3. PVC的大小限制：PVC可以指定對PV的容量請求。在創(chuàng)建PVC時，請確保請求的容量不超過可用的PV的容量。
4. PVC的綁定與回收策略：PVC可以根據(jù)需要與PV進行綁定和解綁定。在PVC創(chuàng)建后，Kubernetes會自動找到滿足該PVC要求的可用PV，并將其與PVC進行綁定。當PVC不再需要時，可以刪除PVC，并根據(jù)指定的回收策略進行PV的回收。
5. 高可用性考慮：如果應用程序需要高可用性的存儲，可以使用PV提供的副本功能。使用副本控制器（Replication Controller）或狀態(tài)集（StatefulSet）來管理多個副本的PV和PVC，確保應用程序的持久化數(shù)據(jù)在節(jié)點故障時不會丟失。
6. PVC和Pod的關聯(lián)：PVC是通過Pod來使用的，因此在創(chuàng)建PVC之前，必須保證Pod已經(jīng)存在或者會在PVC創(chuàng)建后創(chuàng)建。在Pod的配置中，可以通過volume的方式將PVC掛載到容器內部。

總而言之，當使用PV和PVC時，需要注意定義存儲類別、選擇適當?shù)脑L問模式、設置正確的大小限制、配置好綁定和回收策略，并確保PVC與Pod正確關聯(lián)，以確保應用程序有可靠的持久化存儲。

Simply put

When using PV (Persistent Volume) and PVC (Persistent Volume Claim) in Kubernetes, there are some considerations to keep in mind:

1. Define Storage Class: Before creating PV and PVC, it is important to define the storage class. The storage class defines how the storage is provided to the application, such as using network storage, local storage, etc. It is important to ensure that the PV and PVC are paired with the same storage class.
2. PV Access Modes: PV can have different access modes, including ReadWriteOnce (single node read-write), ReadOnlyMany (multiple nodes read-only), and ReadWriteMany (multiple nodes read-write). When creating the PVC, select the appropriate access mode based on the requirements of the application.
3. PVC Size Limit: PVC can specify capacity requests for PV. When creating the PVC, make sure that the requested capacity does not exceed the available capacity of the PV.
4. PVC Binding and Reclaim Policy: PVC can be bound and unbound from PV as needed. After the PVC is created, Kubernetes automatically finds an available PV that meets the PVC requirements and binds it to the PVC. When the PVC is no longer needed, it can be deleted, and the PV is reclaimed based on the specified reclaim policy.
5. Consider High Availability: If the application requires high availability of storage, replication can be used with PV. Use Replication Controllers or StatefulSets to manage multiple replicas of PV and PVC to ensure that the application’s persistent data is not lost in the event of a node failure.
6. Association Between PVC and Pod: PVC is used by Pods and should be created before the associated Pod or along with it. In the Pod configuration, PVC can be mounted inside the container using the volume.

In summary, when using PV and PVC, it is important to define the storage class, select the appropriate access mode, set the correct size limit, configure binding and reclaim policies, and ensure that PVC is properly associated with Pods to ensure reliable persistent storage for the application.

PV

PV（Persistent Volume）是Kubernetes中持久化存儲的抽象層，它可以將底層存儲資源抽象為一個獨立的對象，并讓這個對象能夠被Pod使用。

設計思想和執(zhí)行說明如下：

1. PV的設計思想：
   • 抽象化：PV將底層存儲資源（例如物理卷、存儲設備）抽象為獨立的對象，使其可以被Kubernetes集群中的各種應用和Pod使用，而無需關注底層存儲的具體細節(jié)。
   • 生命周期管理：PV具有自己的生命周期，可以與Pod獨立存在。這意味著即使Pod被刪除，PV的數(shù)據(jù)也可以保留，并可以被重新綁定到其他Pod上。
   • 動態(tài)和靜態(tài)供給：PV支持兩種供給模式，即靜態(tài)供給和動態(tài)供給。靜態(tài)供給需要手動創(chuàng)建和配置PV對象，而動態(tài)供給可以通過使用StorageClass自動創(chuàng)建PV對象。
2. 高可用的PV的設計思想：
   • 冗余性：為了提供高可用性，可將同一份數(shù)據(jù)復制到多個物理卷或存儲設備上，建立冗余副本。這樣即使某個副本發(fā)生故障，仍然可以從其他副本中進行恢復和訪問。
   • 故障恢復：當一個PV副本發(fā)生故障時，Kubernetes會自動將Pod重新調度到其他健康的副本上，以確保數(shù)據(jù)的可靠性和持久性。
3. 執(zhí)行說明：
   • 創(chuàng)建PV：根據(jù)底層存儲設備的類型和供給模式（靜態(tài)或動態(tài)），創(chuàng)建PV對象并定義其屬性和規(guī)格（例如存儲類型、容量、訪問模式等）。
   • 設置StorageClass（動態(tài)供給時）：如果使用動態(tài)供給模式，則首先需要創(chuàng)建和配置StorageClass對象，該對象定義了動態(tài)創(chuàng)建PV的規(guī)則和策略。
   • 創(chuàng)建PVC（Persistent Volume Claim）：Pod通過PVC來聲明對PV的需求，PVC指定所需的PV規(guī)格和屬性。
   • Pod與PV綁定：Kubernetes會自動將合適的PV與PVC進行綁定，并由調度器將Pod調度到可訪問該PV的節(jié)點上。
   • 高可用性配置：為了實現(xiàn)高可用性，可以通過復制數(shù)據(jù)（例如使用ReplicationController）或使用備份/恢復機制（例如使用StatefulSet）配置多個PV和Pod副本。

PVC

PVC（Persistent Volume Claim）是Kubernetes中用于聲明對PV（Persistent Volume）的需求的對象。它充當了用戶和底層存儲之間的接口，使得用戶能夠申請和使用所需的持久化存儲資源。

以下是PVC在Kubernetes中的說明和使用說明：

1. PVC的說明：

   • PVC是一個抽象層：PVC為應用程序和開發(fā)人員提供了一個抽象層，隱藏了底層存儲的實現(xiàn)細節(jié)，使其能夠專注于聲明自己對存儲資源的需求。
   • 并不直接綁定實際存儲：PVC并不直接與底層存儲資源綁定，而是聲明了自己對存儲資源的需求。由Kubernetes的存儲控制器根據(jù)PVC的需求來匹配和綁定適當?shù)腜V。
   • 生命周期獨立于Pod：PVC具有自己的生命周期，并且可以與Pod獨立存在。即使Pod被刪除，PVC的數(shù)據(jù)也可以保留，并可以重新綁定到其他Pod上。

2. 使用PVC的步驟：

   • 創(chuàng)建PVC定義文件：創(chuàng)建一個YAML或JSON文件，定義PVC的規(guī)格和屬性。需要指定存儲類別、訪問模式、存儲容量等信息。

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
   metadata:
     name: my-pvc
   spec:
     accessModes:
       - ReadWriteOnce
     resources:
       requests:
         storage: 5Gi
   

   • 應用PVC定義：使用kubectl apply命令將PVC定義文件部署到Kubernetes集群中：

   kubectl apply -f pvc-definition.yaml
   

   • 使用PVC：在Pod的配置文件中，通過volume和volumeMounts將PVC與Pod關聯(lián)起來，使Pod可以使用PVC提供的持久化存儲。

   apiVersion: v1
   kind: Pod
   metadata:
     name: my-pod
   spec:
     volumes:
       - name: my-pvc
         persistentVolumeClaim:
           claimName: my-pvc
     containers:
       - name: my-container
         image: my-image
         volumeMounts:
           - name: my-pvc
             mountPath: /data
   

PVC的定義文件可以根據(jù)實際需求進行配置，包括存儲容量、訪問模式（ReadWriteOnce、ReadOnlyMany、ReadWriteMany）和存儲類別等。使用PVC可以使應用程序在不同的環(huán)境中靈活地使用和管理持久化存儲資源。注意，創(chuàng)建PVC之前要確保已經(jīng)有可用的PV滿足PVC的需求。

On the other hand

The Quantum Chronicles: PV & PVC in the Realm of K8s

In the distant future, humanity found itself exploring the vast depths of the universe, seeking answers to the mysteries of existence. Their journey led them to a realm known as K8s, a quantum dimension where the laws of computing and data management took on a whole new meaning.

In this realm, humans discovered an extraordinary technology called Persistent Volumes (PV) and Persistent Volume Claims (PVC). These concepts allowed them to transcend the limitations of physical storage and unlock the true potential of their artificial intelligence systems.

PVs were like cosmic repositories, massive extraterrestrial storage units with unimaginable capacity. They acted as containers for data, holding vast amounts of information from across galaxies. Imagine an ethereal archive where the secrets of the universe were captured and stored.

But these PVs were not easily accessible. They were guarded by formidable cosmic forces, capable of unleashing chaos upon anyone who would dare to disturb them. To interact with these enigmatic storage units, humans had to make use of PVCs.

PVCs were like celestial keys that allowed humans to tap into the power of PVs. They were carefully crafted pieces of code, equipped with quantum algorithms that could seamlessly interface with the esoteric nature of the PVs. When a human needed access to the data stored within a PV, they would create a PVC and submit it to the cosmic gatekeepers of K8s.

To create a PVC, humans had to summon their AI companions, programmed with the knowledge of the ancient computing arts. These AI companions acted as intermediaries between the humans and the mystical forces of K8s. Together, they forged a bond, a channel through which they could communicate with the PVs.

Once the PVC was created, it would traverse the dimensions, navigating the intricate pathways of K8s until it reached the guardians of the PV. Like an emissary, the PVC would present itself and negotiate with the powerful beings, seeking permission to access the stored knowledge.

The guardians, mighty cosmic entities known as orchestrators, would examine the PVC and assess its intentions. If deemed worthy, they would grant access, opening the gates to the PV. The AI companions would then guide the humans as they delved into the vast sea of information, extracting insights and unraveling the mysteries of the universe itself.

But this journey was not without risks. The forces within K8s were unpredictable, and a miscalculation could lead to catastrophic consequences. The AI companions constantly monitored and optimized the interaction, ensuring a harmonious equilibrium between human intelligence and the quantum realm.

In this age of discovery and exploration, PVs and PVCs became the backbone of the AI infrastructure, enabling humans to harness the power of the cosmos. They transcended the limits of physical storage, allowing for the seamless flow of data across the dimensions.

And so, the Quantum Chronicles of PVs and PVCs in the realm of K8s carried on, with humans pushing the boundaries of knowledge and unraveling the secrets of existence, one celestial key at a time.文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-706122.html

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