前言

項目部署后發(fā)現(xiàn)服務(wù)端無法獲取到客戶端真實的IP地址，這是怎么回事呢？給我都整懵逼了，經(jīng)過短暫的思考，我發(fā)現(xiàn)了問題的真兇，那就是我們使用了Nginx作的請求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，這才導致了獲取不到客戶端真實的IP地址，害，看看我是怎么解決的吧！

問題原因

客戶端請求數(shù)據(jù)時走的是Nginx反向代理，默認情況下客戶端的真實IP地址會被其過濾，使得SpringBoot程序無法直接獲得真實的客戶端IP地址，獲取到的都是Nginx的IP地址。

解決方案

通過更改Nginx配置文件將客戶端真實的IP地址加到請求頭中，這樣就能正常獲取到客戶端的IP地址了，下面我一步步帶你看看如何配置和獲取。

修改Nginx配置文件

在需要做請求轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的配置里添加下面的配置

#這個參數(shù)設(shè)置了HTTP請求頭的Host字段，host表示請求的Host頭，也就是請求的域名。通過這個設(shè)置，Nginx會將請求的Host頭信息傳遞給后端服務(wù)。
proxy_set_header Host $host;
#這個參數(shù)設(shè)置了HTTP請求頭的X?Real?IP字段，remote_addr表示客戶端的IP地址。通過這個設(shè)置，Nginx會將客戶端的真實IP地址傳遞給后端服務(wù)
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
#這個參數(shù)設(shè)置了HTTP請求頭的 X-Forwarded-For字段，"X-Forwarded-For"是一個標準的HTTP請求頭，用于表示HTTP請求經(jīng)過的代理服務(wù)器鏈路信息，proxy_add_x_forwarded_for表示添加額外的服務(wù)器鏈路信息。
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;

修改后我的nginx.conf中的server如下所示
nginx復(fù)制代碼

server {
  listen 443 ssl;
  server_name xxx.com;

  ssl_certificate "ssl證書pem文件";
  ssl_certificate_key "ssl證書key文件";
  ssl_session_timeout 5m;
  ssl_protocols TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;
  ssl_ciphers ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5:!RC4:!DHE;
  ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

  location / {
    root   前端html文件目錄;
    index  index.html index.htm;
  }

  error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
  location = /50x.html {
    root html;
  }
  # 關(guān)鍵在下面這個配置，上面的配置自己根據(jù)情況而定就行
  location /hello{
    proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8090;
    proxy_set_header Host $host;
    proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; 
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  }
}

SpringBoot代碼實現(xiàn)

第一種方式：在代碼中直接通過X-Forwarded-For獲取到真實IP地址

@Slf4j
public class CommonUtil {
    /**
     * <p> 獲取當前請求客戶端的IP地址 </p>
     *
     * @param request 請求信息
     * @return ip地址
     **/
    public static String getIp(HttpServletRequest request) {
        if (request == null) {
            return null;
        }
        String unknown = "unknown";
        // 使用X-Forwarded-For就能獲取到客戶端真實IP地址
        String ip = request.getHeader("X-Forwarded-For");
        log.info("X-Forwarded-For:" + ip);
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
            log.info("Proxy-Client-IP:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
            log.info("WL-Proxy-Client-IP:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
            log.info("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED");
            log.info("HTTP_X_FORWARDED:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP");
            log.info("HTTP_X_CLUSTER_CLIENT_IP:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
            log.info("HTTP_CLIENT_IP:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR");
            log.info("HTTP_FORWARDED_FOR:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_FORWARDED");
            log.info("HTTP_FORWARDED:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_VIA");
            log.info("HTTP_VIA:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getHeader("REMOTE_ADDR");
            log.info("REMOTE_ADDR:" + ip);
        }
        if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || unknown.equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
            ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
            log.info("getRemoteAddr:" + ip);
        }
        return ip;
    }

第二種方式：在application.yml文件中加以下配置，直接通過request.getRemoteAddr()并可以獲取到真實IP文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-656392.html

server:
  port: 8090
  tomcat:
    #Nginx轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) 獲取客戶端真實IP配置
    remoteip:
      remote-ip-header: X-Real-IP
      protocol-header: X-Forwarded-Proto

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