?反向代理的作用

1、解決網(wǎng)站服務器對外可見的問題、私密性、安全性

2、路由功能：根據(jù)用戶請求的URI調(diào)度到對應功能的節(jié)點處理請求

3、負載均衡：將用戶的請求，通過調(diào)度算法挑選一臺合適的節(jié)點處理請求

4、動靜分離：根據(jù)用戶請求的URI進行區(qū)分，將動態(tài)資源調(diào)度到應用服務器處理，將靜態(tài)資源調(diào)度到靜態(tài)資源服務器處理

5、數(shù)據(jù)緩存：加速網(wǎng)站的訪問速度，減輕web服務器的負擔。如果用戶請求的內(nèi)容在緩存中，可以直接在代理服務器中獲取，加速用戶的訪問速度

web-01安裝、配置

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo << OK
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/\$releasever/\$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
OK

[root@nginx ~]# yum -y install nginx

[root@nginx ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@nginx conf.d]# mv default.conf{,.bak}
[root@nginx conf.d]# vim proxy_web.conf
server {
  listen 80;
  server_name www.test.org;
  location / {
    proxy_pass http://192.168.200.121:80;
    proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
    proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  }
}


[root@nginx ~]# sed -i '/^user/c user www;' /etc/nginx/nginx.conf 
[root@nginx ~]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@nginx ~]# systemctl enable nginx
[root@nginx ~]# systemctl start nginx

[root@nginx ~]# ps -ef | grep -v "grep" | grep nginx
root       2282      1  0 13:04 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx -c /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
www        2283   2282  0 13:04 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process

web-02安裝、配置

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo << OK
[nginx-stable]
name=nginx stable repo
baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/\$releasever/\$basearch/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=https://nginx.org/keys/nginx_signing.key
module_hotfixes=true
OK

[root@nginx ~]# yum -y install nginx

[root@nginx ~]# cd /etc/nginx/conf.d/
[root@nginx conf.d]# mv default.conf{,.bak}

[root@nginx conf.d]# vim web01-test.conf
server {
  listen 80;
  server_name www.test.org;
    root /code/web01;
  location / {
    index index.html;
  }
}

[root@nginx conf.d]# mkdir -p /code/web01
[root@nginx conf.d]# echo "test-web01" >> /code/web01/index.html
[root@nginx conf.d]# chown -R www.www /code/

[root@nginx conf.d]# nginx -t
nginx: the configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf syntax is ok
nginx: configuration file /etc/nginx/nginx.conf test is successful

[root@nginx conf.d]# systemctl enable nginx.service
[root@nginx conf.d]# systemctl start nginx.service 

訪問測試、查看web-02日志

[root@nginx conf.d]# tailf /var/log/nginx/access.log 
192.168.200.120 - - [19/Jun/2023:13:12:12 +0800] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 200 11 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:109.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/114.0" "192.168.200.10"

使用wireshark抓包查看詳細過程

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