一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備
以下內(nèi)容在 Rockchip 的 Linux SDK 目錄下完成，請(qǐng)先解壓 Linux SDK。
1.1 下載 Ubuntu Base
Ubuntu-Base 是Ubuntu官方構(gòu)建的ubuntu最小文件系統(tǒng)，基礎(chǔ)包大小通常只有幾十兆，可以很方便的個(gè)性化定制嵌入式環(huán)境。使用北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)鏡像站加速下載，注意選擇根據(jù)開(kāi)發(fā)板架構(gòu)選擇arm64或其他架構(gòu)。
wget https://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-cdimage/ubuntu-base/releases/22.04.2/release/ubuntu-base-22.04.2-base-arm64.tar.gz
1.2 安裝依賴軟件
# 安裝依賴軟件
sudo apt-get install git ssh make gcc libssl-dev liblz4-tool expect g++ patchelf chrpath gawk texinfo chrpath diffstat binfmt-support qemu-user-static live-build bison flex fakeroot cmake gcc-multilib g++-multilib unzip device-tree-compiler ncurses-dev python-is-python3 python-dev-is-python3 -y
1.3 解壓根文件系統(tǒng)
# 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)文件夾存放根文件系統(tǒng)
mkdir ubuntu_rootfs
# 解壓到文件夾
sudo tar -xvf ubuntu-base-22.04-base-arm64.tar.gz -C ubuntu_rootfs/
1.4 配置根文件系統(tǒng)
- 解壓完成后，需要配置根文件系統(tǒng)的網(wǎng)絡(luò)、軟件源以及仿真開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境。
# 配置網(wǎng)絡(luò)，復(fù)制本機(jī) resolv.conf 文件
sudo cp /etc/resolv.conf ubuntu_rootfs/etc/resolv.conf
sudo echo "nameserver 8.8.8.8" >> ubuntu_rootfs/etc/resolv.conf
sudo echo "nameserver 114.114.114.114" >> ubuntu_rootfs/etc/resolv.conf
- 更換軟件源，加快安裝軟件速度，這里選擇北京外國(guó)語(yǔ)大學(xué)鏡像站，注意 Arm 版本的鏡像為 ubuntu-ports。
# 編輯根文件系統(tǒng)中的軟件源配置文件
sudo vim ./ubuntu_rootfs/etc/apt/sources.list
以下是 Ubuntu 22.04 版本的鏡像，請(qǐng)注意刪除根文件系統(tǒng) ./ubuntu_rootfs/etc/apt/sources.list 文件中原有的內(nèi)容。
# 默認(rèn)注釋了源碼鏡像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注釋
deb http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src http://ports.ubuntu.com/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-security main restricted universe multiverse
# 預(yù)發(fā)布軟件源，不建議啟用
# deb http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# # deb-src http://mirrors.bfsu.edu.cn/ubuntu-ports/ jammy-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
- 配置仿真開(kāi)發(fā)板運(yùn)行環(huán)境
X86 架構(gòu)下的Ubuntu 系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)不支持Arm架構(gòu)，可以通過(guò)安裝 qemu-user-static 實(shí)現(xiàn)仿真運(yùn)行，從而構(gòu)建 ubuntu 文件系統(tǒng)。
# 拷貝 qemu-aarch64-static 到 ubuntu_rootfs/usr/bin/ 目錄下。
sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static ubuntu_rootfs/usr/bin/
1.5 掛載根文件系統(tǒng)
首先編寫掛載腳本 mount.sh，用于掛載根文件系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行所需要的設(shè)備和目錄。
#!/bin/bash
mnt() {
echo "MOUNTING"
sudo mount -t proc /proc ${2}proc
sudo mount -t sysfs /sys ${2}sys
sudo mount -o bind /dev ${2}dev
sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts ${2}dev/pts
# sudo chroot ${2}
}
umnt() {
echo "UNMOUNTING"
sudo umount ${2}proc
sudo umount ${2}sys
sudo umount ${2}dev/pts
sudo umount ${2}dev
}
if [ "$1" == "-m" ] && [ -n "$2" ] ;
then
mnt $1 $2
elif [ "$1" == "-u" ] && [ -n "$2" ];
then
umnt $1 $2
else
echo ""
echo "Either 1'st, 2'nd or both parameters were missing"
echo ""
echo "1'st parameter can be one of these: -m(mount) OR -u(umount)"
echo "2'nd parameter is the full path of rootfs directory(with trailing '/')"
echo ""
echo "For example: ch-mount -m /media/sdcard/"
echo ""
echo 1st parameter : ${1}
echo 2nd parameter : ${2}
fi
保存退出后，給腳本增加執(zhí)行權(quán)限，并掛載。
# 增加腳本執(zhí)行權(quán)限
sudo chmod +x mount.sh
# 掛載文件系統(tǒng)
./mount.sh -m ubuntu_rootfs/
# 進(jìn)入根文件系統(tǒng)
sudo chroot ubuntu_rootfs/
退出根文件系統(tǒng)后，需要卸載文件系統(tǒng)，可用以下命令。
# 卸載文件系統(tǒng)
./mount.sh -u ubuntu_rootfs/
二、構(gòu)建根文件系統(tǒng)
2.1 為根文件系統(tǒng)安裝必要軟件
# 更新軟件
apt update
apt upgrade -y
# 必要工具
apt install vim bash-completion net-tools iputils-ping ifupdown ethtool ssh rsync udev htop rsyslog curl openssh-server apt-utils dialog nfs-common psmisc language-pack-en-base sudo kmod apt-transport-https -y
以下內(nèi)容可選安裝
# 網(wǎng)絡(luò)、Wi-Fi & 藍(lán)牙
apt install bluetooth* bluez* blueman* wireless-tools network-manager -y
# 開(kāi)發(fā)工具
apt install gcc g++ make cmake ninja-build build-essential ffmpeg libopencv-dev libv4l-dev v4l-utils yavta -y
# OpenGL
apt install mesa-utils libgl1-mesa-dev -y
#OpenCL
apt install ocl-icd-* opencl-headers clinfo -y
#Vulkan
apt install mesa-* libwayland-dev libxrandr-dev libvulkan1 mesa-vulkan-drivers vulkan-tools libvulkan-dev -y
# GStreamer
apt install gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-plugins-good gstreamer1.0-libav gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-alsa gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-apps gstreamer1.0-opencv -y
# Qt6
apt install libqt6widgets6 libqt6websockets6-dev libqt6websockets6 libqt6webchannel6 libqt6waylandclient6 libqt6uitools6 libqt6sql6-sqlite libqt6sql6 libqt6serialport6 libqt6multimedia6 libqt6multimediawidgets6 libqt6core5compat6 libqt6concurrent6 libqt6core6 qt6-wayland-dev qt6-wayland qt6-wayland-dev-tools qt6-image-formats-plugins libqt6concurrent6 libqt6opengl6 libqt6openglwidgets6 qt6-tools-dev qt6-multimedia-dev qt6-tools-dev-tools qt6-qpa-plugins qt6-l10n-tools qt6-image-formats-plugins qt6-base-dev-tools linguist-qt6 libqt6serialport6-dev -y
# ntfs exfat
apt install exfat* ntfs-3g -y
# 輸入法
apt install ibus-pinyin ibus-sunpinyin -y
# 視頻播放
apt install libdvdnav4 ubuntu-restricted-extras vlc -y
# Eigen
apt install libeigen3-dev -y
# xkb
apt install libxkbcommon-dev -y
2.2 安裝和配置桌面環(huán)境
# 安裝 GNOME 最小桌面環(huán)境
apt install --no-install-recommends ubuntu-desktop -y
# 設(shè)置開(kāi)機(jī)默認(rèn)切換到圖形界面
systemctl set-default graphical.target
# 安裝時(shí)區(qū)
apt install locales tzdata
# 時(shí)區(qū)選擇
dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
# Asia/Shanghai
# 勾選英文/中文環(huán)境
dpkg-reconfigure locales
# en_US.UTF-8 UTF-8
# zh_CN.UTF-8 UTF-8
2.3 修改root用戶密碼，添加新用戶
# 修改 root 密碼
passwd root
# 添加新用戶并設(shè)置密碼
adduser m1
修改 /etc/sudoers 文件，用于控制哪些用戶可以以超級(jí)管理員（root）的身份執(zhí)行特定的命令。
# 編輯 /etc/sudoers
vim /etc/sudoers
添加以下內(nèi)容
m1 ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
添加完成后
2.4 設(shè)置主機(jī)名和主機(jī)解析
# 主機(jī)名
echo "RK3588" > /etc/hostname
# 主機(jī) IP
echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.0.1 RK3588" >> /etc/hosts
echo "127.0.0.1 localhost RK3588" >> /etc/hosts
2.5 配置網(wǎng)卡
Network-Manager 服務(wù)會(huì)自動(dòng)配置網(wǎng)卡,但是其默認(rèn)配置文件將 Ethernet 加入了黑名單，會(huì)導(dǎo)致 Ubuntu 提示 unmanned。
# 編輯文件
vim /usr/lib/NetworkManager/conf.d/10-globally-managed-devices.conf
# 文件內(nèi)容修改為
[keyfile]
unmanaged-devices=*,except:type:ethernet,except:type:wifi,except:type:gsm,except:type:cdma
RK3588開(kāi)發(fā)板有兩塊網(wǎng)卡，因此將兩塊網(wǎng)卡默認(rèn)配置為自動(dòng)DHCP獲取。
# 網(wǎng)卡0
echo "auto eth0" > /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0
echo "iface eth0 inet dhcp" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth0
# 網(wǎng)卡1
echo "auto eth1" > /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth1
echo "iface eth1 inet dhcp" >> /etc/network/interfaces.d/eth1
在實(shí)際測(cè)試中網(wǎng)口必須接入網(wǎng)線系統(tǒng)才能正常啟動(dòng)，就是在不聯(lián)網(wǎng)的情況下，每次開(kāi)機(jī)都要等待很久，卡在網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接上5分鐘。
修改下面這個(gè)文件
vim /lib/systemd/system/networking.service
將里面的TimeoutStartSec=5min 修改為：
TimeoutStartSec=5sec
2.6 設(shè)置開(kāi)機(jī)免密登錄到圖形界面
修改 LightDM 登錄管理器
# 修改
vim /usr/share/lightdm/lightdm.conf.d/50-ubuntu.conf
# 添加下面的內(nèi)容
greeter-show-manual-login=true #手動(dòng)輸入登陸系統(tǒng)的用戶名和密碼
all-guest=false #不允許guest登錄
修改 gdm-autologin 的PAM認(rèn)證配置，可以允許root賬戶進(jìn)行自動(dòng)登錄。
vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-autologin
# 注釋掉下面這行
# auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success
修改 gdm-password的PAM認(rèn)證配置，可以允許root賬戶進(jìn)行自動(dòng)登錄。
vim /etc/pam.d/gdm-password
# 注釋掉下面這行
# auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet_success
配置檢查當(dāng)前終端是否可用
vim /root/.profile
# 添加下面的內(nèi)容，替換掉 mesg n || true 這一行
tty -s && mesg n || true
修改GDM3的配置文件
vim /etc/gdm3/custom.conf
# 添加下面的內(nèi)容，AutomaticLogin即自動(dòng)登錄的賬戶名
[daemon]
AutomaticLoginEnable=true # 開(kāi)啟自動(dòng)登錄功能。
AutomaticLogin=root # 自動(dòng)登錄的賬戶名為root。
TimedLoginEnable=true # 開(kāi)啟定時(shí)登錄功能。
TimedLogin=user # 定時(shí)登錄的賬戶名為root。
TimedLoginDelay=10 # 定時(shí)登錄前等待10秒鐘。
2.7 禁用系統(tǒng)休眠
# 設(shè)置禁止休眠
systemctl mask sleep.target suspend.target hibernate.target hybrid-sleep.target
# 查看休眠狀態(tài)
systemctl status sleep.target
2.8 安裝開(kāi)發(fā)板驅(qū)動(dòng)
Wi-Fi、藍(lán)牙、CH341串口驅(qū)動(dòng)等需要先通過(guò) kernel 編譯成驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊。
# 在SDK根目錄下執(zhí)行命令，生成驅(qū)動(dòng)文件
./build.sh modules
根據(jù)需要安裝開(kāi)發(fā)板驅(qū)動(dòng)和其他配置文件，可使用 mk-rootfs-ubuntu.sh 自動(dòng)執(zhí)行，請(qǐng)注意該腳本需要按需要修改。
# 執(zhí)行腳本
sudo ./mk-rootfs-ubuntu.sh
2.9 其他配置修改
# 驅(qū)動(dòng)自動(dòng)加載，修改init.d下的配置文件
# 設(shè)置系統(tǒng)默認(rèn)壁紙
xrandr left
# 設(shè)置系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)橫屏
# 設(shè)置 vim 默認(rèn)配置 .vimrc
# 設(shè)置 ssh 允許 root 遠(yuǎn)程登錄 .sshdconfig
# 安裝配置管理工具
sudo apt-get install x11-xserver-utils dconf-editor dbus-x11 -y
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-enabled false
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.session idle-delay 60
gsettings set org.gnome.desktop.screensaver lock-delay 5
gsettings set org.gnome.settings-daemon.plugins.xrandr rotation 'right'
三、打包根文件系統(tǒng)鏡像
3.1 打包鏡像
使用 mk-image.sh 腳本打包
# 打包
sudo ./mk-image.sh
mk-image.sh 內(nèi)容如下：
#!/bin/bash -e # 使用bash解釋器，并開(kāi)啟錯(cuò)誤檢查模式
TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR=./ubuntu_rootfs # 定義目標(biāo)根文件系統(tǒng)目錄路徑
ROOTFSIMAGE=ubuntu-rootfs.img # 定義根文件系統(tǒng)鏡像文件名
EXTRA_SIZE_MB=300 # 定義額外的磁盤空間大小
IMAGE_SIZE_MB=$(( $(sudo du -sh -m ${TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR} | cut -f1) + ${EXTRA_SIZE_MB} )) # 計(jì)算根文件系統(tǒng)鏡像文件大小
echo Making rootfs! # 輸出提示信息
if [ -e ${ROOTFSIMAGE} ]; then # 如果根文件系統(tǒng)鏡像文件已經(jīng)存在，則刪除
rm ${ROOTFSIMAGE}
fi
sudo ./post-build.sh ${TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR} # 運(yùn)行post-build.sh腳本，完成根文件系統(tǒng)的后處理工作
dd if=/dev/zero of=${ROOTFSIMAGE} bs=1M count=0 seek=${IMAGE_SIZE_MB} # 創(chuàng)建指定大小的空白鏡像文件
sudo mkfs.ext4 -d ${TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR} ${ROOTFSIMAGE} # 在指定目錄下創(chuàng)建ext4文件系統(tǒng)，并將其寫入到鏡像文件中
echo Rootfs Image: ${ROOTFSIMAGE} # 輸出根文件系統(tǒng)鏡像文件名
post-build.sh 內(nèi)容如下：
#!/bin/bash -e
TARGET_DIR=$1
shift
RK_LEGACY_PARTITIONS=" \
${RK_OEM_FS_TYPE:+oem:/oem:${RK_OEM_FS_TYPE}}
${RK_USERDATA_FS_TYPE:+userdata:/userdata:${RK_USERDATA_FS_TYPE}}
"
# <dev>:<mount point>:<fs type>:<source dir>, for example:
# RK_EXTRA_PARTITIONS="oem:/oem:ext2:oem_normal userdata:/userdata:vfat:userdata_empty"
RK_EXTRA_PARTITIONS=${RK_EXTRA_PARTITIONS:-${RK_LEGACY_PARTITIONS}}
function fixup_root()
{
echo "Fixing up rootfs type: $1"
FS_TYPE=$1
sed -i "s#\([[:space:]]/[[:space:]]\+\)\w\+#\1${FS_TYPE}#" \
${TARGET_DIR}/etc/fstab
}
function fixup_part()
{
echo "Fixing up partition: $@"
if echo $1 | grep -qE "^/"; then
DEV=$1
else
DEV="PARTLABEL=$1"
fi
MOUNT=${2:-/$1}
FS_TYPE=${3:-auto}
OPT=${4:-defaults}
sed -i "#[[:space:]]${MOUNT}[[:space:]]#d" ${TARGET_DIR}/etc/fstab
echo -e "${DEV}\t${MOUNT}\t${FS_TYPE}\t${OPT}\t0 2" >> \
${TARGET_DIR}/etc/fstab
mkdir -p ${TARGET_DIR}/${MOUNT}
}
function fixup_fstab()
{
echo "Fixing up /etc/fstab..."
case "${RK_ROOTFS_TYPE}" in
ext[234])
fixup_root ${RK_ROOTFS_TYPE}
;;
*)
fixup_root auto
;;
esac
for part in ${RK_EXTRA_PARTITIONS}; do
fixup_part $(echo "${part}" | xargs -d':')
done
}
function add_build_info()
{
[ -f ${TARGET_DIR}/etc/os-release ] && \
sed -i "/^BUILD_ID=/d" ${TARGET_DIR}/etc/os-release
echo "Adding build-info to /etc/os-release..."
echo "BUILD_INFO=\"$(whoami)@$(hostname) $(date)${@:+ - $@}\"" >> \
${TARGET_DIR}/etc/os-release
}
function add_dirs_and_links()
{
echo "Adding dirs and links..."
cd ${TARGET_DIR}
mkdir -p mnt/sdcard mnt/usb0
ln -sf media/usb0 udisk
ln -sf mnt/sdcard sdcard
ln -sf userdata data
}
echo "Executing $(basename $0)..."
add_build_info $@
[ -f ${TARGET_DIR}/etc/fstab ] && fixup_fstab
add_dirs_and_links
exit 0
mk-rootfs-ubuntu.sh 內(nèi)容如下：文章來(lái)源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-641478.html
#!/bin/bash -e
# Directory contains the target rootfs
#TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR="binary"
TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR="ubuntu_rootfs"
ARCH=arm64
echo -e "\033[36m Building for $ARCH \033[0m"
#if [ -d "$TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR" ]; then
# Control will enter here if $DIRECTORY exists.
# rm -rf $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR
# sleep 5
#fi
#if [ ! -e ubuntu-22.04.1-arm64.tar.gz ]; then
# echo "\033[please put ubuntu-22.04.1-arm64.tar.gz file in this contents \033[0m"
# exit -1
#fi
finish() {
sudo umount $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/dev
exit -1
}
trap finish ERR
echo -e "\033[36m Extract image \033[0m"
# sudo tar -xpf ubuntu-22.04.1-arm64.tar.gz
# packages folder
sudo mkdir -p $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/packages
sudo cp -rf packages/$ARCH/* $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/packages
# overlay folder
sudo cp -rf overlay/* $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/
# overlay-firmware folder
sudo cp -rf overlay-firmware/* $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/
# overlay-debug folder
# adb, video, camera test file
sudo cp -rf overlay-debug/* $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/
## hack the serial
sudo cp -f overlay/usr/lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@.service $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/lib/systemd/system/serial-getty@.service
# adb
sudo cp -f overlay-debug/usr/local/share/adb/adbd-64 $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/usr/bin/adbd
# bt/wifi firmware
sudo mkdir -p $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/system/lib/modules/
sudo mkdir -p $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/vendor/etc
sudo find ../kernel/drivers/net/wireless/rockchip_wlan/* -name "*.ko" | \
xargs -n1 -i sudo cp {} $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/system/lib/modules/
sudo find ../kernel/drivers/bluetooth/* -name "*.ko" | \
xargs -n1 -i sudo cp {} $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/system/lib/modules/
#ch341
sudo find ../kernel/drivers/usb/serial/* -name "*.ko" | \
xargs -n1 -i sudo cp {} $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/system/lib/modules/
echo -e "\033[36m Change root.....................\033[0m"
#sudo cp -f /etc/resolv.conf $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/etc/
#sudo cp /usr/bin/qemu-aarch64-static $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/usr/bin/
sudo mount -o bind /dev $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/dev
sudo mount -o bind /dev/pts $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/dev/pts
cat << EOF | sudo chroot $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade -y
chmod o+x /usr/lib/dbus-1.0/dbus-daemon-launch-helper
export APT_INSTALL="apt-get install -fy --allow-downgrades"
apt remove -fy firefox-esr chromium* firefox
#---------------power management --------------
\${APT_INSTALL} pm-utils triggerhappy bsdmainutils
cp /etc/Powermanager/triggerhappy.service /lib/systemd/system/triggerhappy.service
#rm /etc/Powermanager -rf
#---------------Rga--------------
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/rga/*.deb
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/rga2/*.deb
echo -e "\033[36m Setup Video.................... \033[0m"
#\${APT_INSTALL} gstreamer1.0-plugins-bad gstreamer1.0-plugins-base gstreamer1.0-plugins-ugly gstreamer1.0-tools gstreamer1.0-alsa \
# gstreamer1.0-plugins-base-apps qtmultimedia5-examples gstreamer1.0-opencv
#for package in $(sudo apt-get upgrade 2>&1 | sudo grep "warning: files list file for package '" | sudo grep -Po "[^'\n ]+'" | sudo grep -Po "[^']+"); do sudo apt-get install --reinstall "$package"; done
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/mpp/*
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/gst-rkmpp/*.deb
#---------Camera---------
echo -e "\033[36m Install camera.................... \033[0m"
\${APT_INSTALL} cheese
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/rkisp/*.deb
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/rkaiq/*.deb
#\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/libv4l/*.deb
#--------------before deb--------------
#\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/topeet/*.deb
#---------------Openbox--------------
#echo -e "\033[36m Install openbox.................... \033[0m"
#\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/openbox/*.deb
#---------update chromium-----
#\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/chromium/*.deb
#\${APT_INSTALL} firefox
#------------------libdrm------------
echo -e "\033[36m Install libdrm.................... \033[0m"
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/libdrm/*.deb
#------------------libdrm-cursor------------
echo -e "\033[36m Install libdrm-cursor.................... \033[0m"
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/libdrm-cursor/*.deb
# Only preload libdrm-cursor for X
sed -i "/libdrm-cursor.so/d" /etc/ld.so.preload
sed -i "1aexport LD_PRELOAD=libdrm-cursor.so.1" /usr/bin/X
#------------------pcmanfm------------
echo -e "\033[36m Install pcmanfm.................... \033[0m"
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/pcmanfm/*.deb
#------------------blueman------------
echo -e "\033[36m Install blueman.................... \033[0m"
\${APT_INSTALL} blueman
echo exit 101 > /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
chmod +x /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
\${APT_INSTALL} blueman
rm -f /usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
#------------------rkwifibt------------
echo -e "\033[36m Install rkwifibt.................... \033[0m"
rm -rf /usr/lib/firmware
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/rkwifibt/*.deb
ln -s /system/etc/firmware /vendor/etc/
mkdir -p /lib/firmware/
cp /packages/rkwifibt/8723du/* /lib/firmware/
#------------------glmark2------------
echo -e "\033[36m Install glmark2.................... \033[0m"
\${APT_INSTALL} /packages/glmark2/*.deb
echo -e "\033[36m Install Chinese fonts.................... \033[0m"
# Uncomment zh_CN.UTF-8 for inclusion in generation
sed -i 's/^# *\(zh_CN.UTF-8\)/\1/' /etc/locale.gen
echo "LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> /etc/default/locale
# Generate locale
locale-gen
# Export env vars
echo "export LC_ALL=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> ~/.bashrc
echo "export LANGUAGE=zh_CN.UTF-8" >> ~/.bashrc
source ~/.bashrc
\${APT_INSTALL} fonts-aenigma
\${APT_INSTALL} xfonts-intl-chinese
# HACK debian11.3 to fix bug
\${APT_INSTALL} fontconfig --reinstall
#\${APT_INSTALL} xfce4
#ln -sf /usr/bin/startxfce4 /etc/alternatives/x-session-manager
# mark package to hold
apt list --installed | grep -v oldstable | cut -d/ -f1 | xargs apt-mark unhold
#---------------GPU--------------
cp /packages/libmali/*.deb /
cp -rf /packages/rga/ /
cp -rf /packages/rga2/ /
# mark rga package to unhold
apt-mark unhold librga2 librga-dev librga2-dbgsym
cp /packages/libmali/libmali-valhall-g610-g6p0-x11.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/
ln -s /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libmali-valhall-g610-g6p0-x11.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libmali.so
ln -s /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libmali-valhall-g610-g6p0-x11.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/libmali.so.1
#---------------Custom Script--------------
systemctl mask systemd-networkd-wait-online.service
systemctl mask NetworkManager-wait-online.service
rm /lib/systemd/system/wpa_supplicant@.service
#----------------beautiful terminal_________
echo " alias ls='ls --color' " >>/root/.bashrc
#-----------beautiful login---------------
\${APT_INSTALL} toilet
rm -rf /usr/share/figlet/*
cp /packages/figlet-fonts/* /usr/share/figlet/
timedatectl set-timezone Asia/Shanghai
cp /packages/libdrm/lightdm.conf /etc/lightdm/
#echo "tty -s && mesg n || true" >> /root/.profile
#---------------background---------------
rm -rf /usr/share/backgrounds/*.jpg
rm -rf /usr/share/backgrounds/*.png
#cp /packages/backdrops/* /usr/share/xfce4/backdrops/
cp /packages/backgrounds/* /usr/share/backgrounds/
apt update
apt upgrade -y
#------remove unused packages------------
apt remove --purge -fy linux-firmware*
#---------------Clean--------------
if [ -e "/usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/dri" ] ;
then
cd /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/dri/
cp kms_swrast_dri.so swrast_dri.so rockchip_dri.so /
rm /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/dri/*.so
mv /*.so /usr/lib/arm-linux-gnueabihf/dri/
elif [ -e "/usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/dri" ];
then
cd /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/dri/
cp kms_swrast_dri.so swrast_dri.so rockchip_dri.so /
rm /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/dri/*.so
mv /*.so /usr/lib/aarch64-linux-gnu/dri/
rm /etc/profile.d/qt.sh
fi
cd -
rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
rm -rf /var/cache/
rm -rf /packages/
mkdir -p /var/cache/apt/archives/partial
EOF
sudo umount $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/dev/pts
sudo umount $TARGET_ROOTFS_DIR/dev
3.2 燒錄鏡像
打包鏡像完成后，會(huì)生成 ubuntu-rootfs.img 文件，使用該文件燒錄進(jìn)開(kāi)發(fā)板即可。文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-641478.html
參考資料
- https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41070133/article/details/128757151
- https://blog.csdn.net/ssismm/article/details/129612239
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