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Spring Data

Spring Data是一個(gè)用于簡(jiǎn)化數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)訪問(wèn)和操作的開(kāi)源框架，為開(kāi)發(fā)人員提供了一種通用的方式來(lái)處理不同類型的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)，例如關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（如MySQL、PostgreSQL、Oracle）和非關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)（如MongoDB、Cassandra、Redis）等。Spring Data還提供了許多有用的特性和工具，例如數(shù)據(jù)持久化、事務(wù)管理、查詢和分頁(yè)等功能，以及對(duì)多種數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)技術(shù)的支持，如JPA、Hibernate、MyBatis等

Spring Data框架的核心思想是通過(guò)使用Repository模式，將數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)邏輯從業(yè)務(wù)邏輯中分離出來(lái)，從而簡(jiǎn)化應(yīng)用程序的開(kāi)發(fā)和維護(hù)；開(kāi)發(fā)人員只需要定義一個(gè)接口，繼承Spring Data提供的Repository接口，即可獲得許多常用的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)操作方法，如增刪改查、分頁(yè)查詢等；Spring Data框架會(huì)根據(jù)接口定義動(dòng)態(tài)生成實(shí)現(xiàn)類，從而使得開(kāi)發(fā)人員可以專注于業(yè)務(wù)邏輯的實(shí)現(xiàn)，而不用關(guān)注底層的數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)細(xì)節(jié)

Spring Data是一個(gè)非常強(qiáng)大和靈活的數(shù)據(jù)訪問(wèn)框架，可以幫助開(kāi)發(fā)人員更加高效地訪問(wèn)和操作各種類型的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)，同時(shí)提供了許多有用的特性和工具，能夠大大簡(jiǎn)化應(yīng)用程序的開(kāi)發(fā)和維護(hù)

整合JDBC

JDBC是Java語(yǔ)言中用于與關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)交互的一種標(biāo)準(zhǔn)API；通過(guò)JDBC，Java程序可以連接到不同的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)系統(tǒng)，如MySQL、Oracle、PostgreSQL等，并進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)的增、刪、改、查等操作

JDBC API包括兩部分：JDBC驅(qū)動(dòng)程序和Java應(yīng)用程序接口。JDBC驅(qū)動(dòng)程序是連接Java應(yīng)用程序和數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的橋梁，它們負(fù)責(zé)與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行通信，并將數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為Java程序可以理解的格式。Java應(yīng)用程序接口則是Java程序訪問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的核心，它提供了一組標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的類和方法，用于與數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)進(jìn)行交互

• resources文件夾下創(chuàng)建application.yml文件

spring:
  datasource:
    username: "root"
    password: "root"
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

• 編寫(xiě)controller層，測(cè)試數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)CURD功能

package com.wei.controller;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

@RestController
public class JDBCController {

    @Autowired(required = false)
    JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    //查詢數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)所有信息
    @GetMapping("/userList")
    public List<Map<String, Object>> userList() {
        String sql = "select * from mybatis.user";
        List<Map<String, Object>> List_maps = jdbcTemplate.queryForList(sql);
        return List_maps;
    }


    @GetMapping("/addUser")
    public String addUser() {
        String sql = "insert into mybatis.user(id,name,pwd) values(5,'bbb',520)";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql);
        return "update-ok";
    }

    @GetMapping("/updateUser/{id}")
    public String updateUser(@PathVariable int id) {
        String sql = "update mybatis.user set name=?,pwd=? where id=" + id;

        //封裝
        Object[] objects = new Object[2];
        objects[0] = "qqq";
        objects[1] = "www";

        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,objects);
        return "update-ok";
    }

    @GetMapping("/deleteUser/{id}")
    public String deleteUser(@PathVariable int id) {
        String sql = "delete from mybatis.user where id = ?";
        jdbcTemplate.update(sql,id);
        return "delete-ok";
    }
}

整合Druid

Druid是一個(gè)開(kāi)源的高性能、高可靠性的分布式列存儲(chǔ)系統(tǒng)，主要用于支持實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)探索和分析；提供了一種可擴(kuò)展的、快速的、實(shí)時(shí)的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)和查詢技術(shù)，支持高吞吐量和低延遲的查詢，并能夠處理大規(guī)模數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)流式處理。Druid的數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)方式基于列存儲(chǔ)，具有高效的壓縮算法和索引機(jī)制，能夠提供高效的數(shù)據(jù)查詢和聚合操作

Druid的架構(gòu)包括數(shù)據(jù)源、數(shù)據(jù)處理和數(shù)據(jù)查詢?nèi)齻€(gè)組件。數(shù)據(jù)源負(fù)責(zé)數(shù)據(jù)的采集和預(yù)處理，數(shù)據(jù)處理組件將數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換為Druid的列存儲(chǔ)格式，并進(jìn)行索引和壓縮，數(shù)據(jù)查詢組件則提供了一個(gè)SQL查詢引擎和RESTful API，用于查詢和聚合存儲(chǔ)在Druid中的數(shù)據(jù)；被廣泛用于實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù)分析和探索領(lǐng)域，如廣告分析、在線推薦、監(jiān)控和運(yùn)營(yíng)等

• application.yml

spring:
  datasource:
    username: "root"
    password: "root"
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    #切換數(shù)據(jù)源
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource

    #Spring Boot 默認(rèn)是不注入這些屬性值的，需要自己綁定
    #druid 數(shù)據(jù)源專有配置
    initialSize: 5
    minIdle: 5
    maxActive: 20
    maxWait: 60000
    timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000
    minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000
    validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUAL
    testWhileIdle: true
    testOnBorrow: false
    testOnReturn: false
    poolPreparedStatements: true
    #配置監(jiān)控統(tǒng)計(jì)攔截的filters，stat:監(jiān)控統(tǒng)計(jì)、log4j：日志記錄、wall：防御sql注入
    #如果允許時(shí)報(bào)錯(cuò)  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority
    #則導(dǎo)入 log4j 依賴即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4j
    filters: stat,wall,log4j
    maxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20
    useGlobalDataSourceStat: true
    connectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

• controller層編寫(xiě)DruidController

package com.wei.config;

import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.StatViewServlet;
import com.alibaba.druid.support.http.WebStatFilter;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebFilter;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

@Configuration
public class DruidConfig {
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
    @Bean
    public DataSource druidDataSource(){
        return new DruidDataSource();
    }

    //后臺(tái)監(jiān)控功能
    @Bean
    public ServletRegistrationBean StatViewServlet(){
        ServletRegistrationBean<StatViewServlet> bean = new ServletRegistrationBean<>(new StatViewServlet(), "/druid/*");
        //后臺(tái)賬號(hào)密碼
        HashMap<String, String> initParameters = new HashMap<>();
        //添加配置
        initParameters.put("loginUsername","admin");
        initParameters.put("loginPassword","123456");
        //允許用戶訪問(wèn)
        initParameters.put("allow","");
        //禁止用戶訪問(wèn)
        /*initParameters.put("","");*/
        bean.setInitParameters(initParameters);   //設(shè)置初始化參數(shù)
        return bean;
    }

    //過(guò)濾器Filter
    @Bean
    public FilterRegistrationBean webStartFilter(){
        FilterRegistrationBean<Filter> bean = new FilterRegistrationBean<>();
        bean.setFilter(new WebStatFilter());
        //通過(guò)請(qǐng)求
        HashMap<Object, Object> initParameters = new HashMap<>();
        initParameters.put("exclusions","*.js,*.css,/druid/*");
        return bean;
    }
}

整合Mybatis

• springboot-mybatis依賴

        <!--springboot-mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.1</version>
        </dependency>

• 配置數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接application.properties

spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

• 測(cè)試

package com.wei;

import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import javax.xml.crypto.Data;
import java.sql.SQLException;

@SpringBootTest
class Springboot04MybatisApplicationTests {

    @Autowired(required = false)
    DataSource dataSource;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() throws SQLException {
        System.out.println("=================");
        System.out.println(dataSource.getClass());
        System.out.println(dataSource.getConnection());
    }
}

• 依賴導(dǎo)入pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <!--springboot-web-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--springboot-mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
        </dependency>
    	<!--jdbc-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jdbc</artifactId>
        </dependency>
		<!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
    	<!--test-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

• 編寫(xiě)pojo/user

package com.wei.pojo;

import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;
}

• 編寫(xiě)mapper/UserMapper接口類

package com.wei.mapper;

import com.wei.pojo.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Mapper
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {

    List<User> queryUserList();

    User queryUserById(int id);

    int addUser(User user);

    int updateUser(User user);

    int deleteUser(int id);

}

• 編寫(xiě)resources/mybatis/mapper/UserMapper.xml接口映射器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.wei.mapper.UserMapper">

    <select id="queryUserList" resultType="User">
        select *
        from mybatis.user;
    </select>

    <select id="queryUserById" resultType="User">
        select *
        from mybatis.user
        where id = #{id};
    </select>

    <insert id="addUser" parameterType="User">
        insert into mybatis.user (id, name, pwd)
        values (#{id}, #{name}, #{pwd});
    </insert>

    <update id="updateUser" parameterType="User">
        update mybatis.user
        set name=#{name},
            pwd=#{pwd}
        where id = #{id};
    </update>

    <delete id="deleteUser" parameterType="int">
        delete
        from mybatis.user
        where id = #{id};
    </delete>

</mapper>

• 編寫(xiě)Controller/UserController控制層

package com.wei.controller;

import com.wei.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.wei.pojo.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

import java.util.List;

@RestController
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    //查詢?nèi)坑脩?/span>
    @GetMapping("queryUserList")
    public List<User> queryUserList() {
        List<User> userList = userMapper.queryUserList();
        for (User user : userList) {
            System.out.println(user);
        }
        return userList;
    }

    //添加用戶
    @GetMapping("addUser")
    public String addUser() {
        userMapper.addUser(new User(5, "王灣", "456"));
        return "ok";
    }

    //修改用戶
    @GetMapping("updateUser")
    public String updateUser() {
        userMapper.updateUser(new User(5, "王灣", "123456"));
        return "ok";
    }

    //刪除用戶
    @GetMapping("deleteUser")
    public String deleteUser() {
        userMapper.deleteUser(5);
        return "ok";
    }
}

• 編寫(xiě)resources/application.properties：配置數(shù)據(jù)源、整合mybatis

#配置數(shù)據(jù)源
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTC
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver

#整合mybatis
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.wei.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml

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