1、案例介紹
俄羅斯方塊是由 4 個(gè)小方塊組成不同形狀的板塊，隨機(jī)從屏幕上方落下，按方向鍵調(diào)整板塊的位置和方向，在底部拼出完整的一行或幾行。這些完整的橫條會(huì)消失，給新落下來的板塊騰出空間，并獲得分?jǐn)?shù)獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。沒有被消除掉的方塊不斷堆積，一旦堆到頂端，便告輸，游戲結(jié)束。本例難度為高級(jí)，適合具有 Python 進(jìn)階和 Pygame 編程技巧的用戶學(xué)習(xí)。
2、設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)
邊框――由 15*25 個(gè)空格組成，方塊就落在這里面。盒子――組成方塊的其中小方塊，是組成方塊的基本單元。
方塊――從邊框頂?shù)粝碌臇|西，游戲者可以翻轉(zhuǎn)和改變位置。每個(gè)方塊由 4 個(gè)盒子組成。形狀――不同類型的方塊。這里形狀的名字被叫做 T, S, Z ,J, L, I , O。如下圖所示：
模版――用一個(gè)列表存放形狀被翻轉(zhuǎn)后的所有可能樣式。全部存放在變量里，變量名字如 S or J。著陸――當(dāng)一個(gè)方塊到達(dá)邊框的底部或接觸到在其他的盒子話，就說這個(gè)方塊著陸了。那樣的話，另一個(gè)方塊就會(huì)開始下落。
3、示例效果文章來源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-523604.html
4、示例源碼文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-523604.html
import?pygame
import?random
import?os
pygame.init()
GRID_WIDTH?=?20
GRID_NUM_WIDTH?=?15
GRID_NUM_HEIGHT?=?25
WIDTH,?HEIGHT?=?GRID_WIDTH?*?GRID_NUM_WIDTH,?GRID_WIDTH?*?GRID_NUM_HEIGHT
SIDE_WIDTH?=?200
SCREEN_WIDTH?=?WIDTH?+?SIDE_WIDTH
WHITE?=?(0xff,?0xff,?0xff)
BLACK?=?(0,?0,?0)
LINE_COLOR?=?(0x33,?0x33,?0x33)
CUBE_COLORS?=?[
????(0xcc,?0x99,?0x99),?(0xff,?0xff,?0x99),?(0x66,?0x66,?0x99),
????(0x99,?0x00,?0x66),?(0xff,?0xcc,?0x00),?(0xcc,?0x00,?0x33),
????(0xff,?0x00,?0x33),?(0x00,?0x66,?0x99),?(0xff,?0xff,?0x33),
????(0x99,?0x00,?0x33),?(0xcc,?0xff,?0x66),?(0xff,?0x99,?0x00)
]
screen?=?pygame.display.set_mode((SCREEN_WIDTH,?HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("俄羅斯方塊")
clock?=?pygame.time.Clock()
FPS?=?30
score?=?0
level?=?1
screen_color_matrix?=?[[None]?*?GRID_NUM_WIDTH?for?i?in?range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)]
#?設(shè)置游戲的根目錄為當(dāng)前文件夾
base_folder?=?os.path.dirname(__file__)
def?show_text(surf,?text,?size,?x,?y,?color=WHITE):
????font_name?=?os.path.join(base_folder,?'font/font.ttc')
????font?=?pygame.font.Font(font_name,?size)
????text_surface?=?font.render(text,?True,?color)
????text_rect?=?text_surface.get_rect()
????text_rect.midtop?=?(x,?y)
????surf.blit(text_surface,?text_rect)
class?CubeShape(object):
????SHAPES?=?['I',?'J',?'L',?'O',?'S',?'T',?'Z']
????I?=?[[(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(0,?2)],
?????????[(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(1,?0),?(2,?0)]]
????J?=?[[(-2,?0),?(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?-1)],
?????????[(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(0,?2)],
?????????[(0,?1),?(0,?0),?(1,?0),?(2,?0)],
?????????[(0,?-2),?(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(1,?0)]]
????L?=?[[(-2,?0),?(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?1)],
?????????[(1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(0,?2)],
?????????[(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(1,?0),?(2,?0)],
?????????[(0,?-2),?(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(-1,?0)]]
????O?=?[[(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(1,?0),?(1,?1)]]
????S?=?[[(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(1,?1)],
?????????[(1,?-1),?(1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?1)]]
????T?=?[[(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(-1,?0)],
?????????[(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(1,?0),?(0,?1)],
?????????[(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(0,?1),?(1,?0)],
?????????[(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(1,?0),?(0,?-1)]]
????Z?=?[[(0,?-1),?(0,?0),?(1,?0),?(1,?1)],
?????????[(-1,?0),?(0,?0),?(0,?-1),?(1,?-1)]]
????SHAPES_WITH_DIR?=?{
????????'I':?I,?'J':?J,?'L':?L,?'O':?O,?'S':?S,?'T':?T,?'Z':?Z
????}
????def?__init__(self):
????????self.shape?=?self.SHAPES[random.randint(0,?len(self.SHAPES)?-?1)]
????????#?骨牌所在的行列
????????self.center?=?(2,?GRID_NUM_WIDTH?//?2)
????????self.dir?=?random.randint(0,?len(self.SHAPES_WITH_DIR[self.shape])?-?1)
????????self.color?=?CUBE_COLORS[random.randint(0,?len(CUBE_COLORS)?-?1)]
????def?get_all_gridpos(self,?center=None):
????????curr_shape?=?self.SHAPES_WITH_DIR[self.shape][self.dir]
????????if?center?is?None:
????????????center?=?[self.center[0],?self.center[1]]
????????return?[(cube[0]?+?center[0],?cube[1]?+?center[1])
????????????????for?cube?in?curr_shape]
????def?conflict(self,?center):
????????for?cube?in?self.get_all_gridpos(center):
????????????#?超出屏幕之外，說明不合法
????????????if?cube[0]?<?0?or?cube[1]?<?0?or?cube[0]?>=?GRID_NUM_HEIGHT?or?\
????????????????????cube[1]?>=?GRID_NUM_WIDTH:
????????????????return?True
????????????#?不為None，說明之前已經(jīng)有小方塊存在了，也不合法
????????????if?screen_color_matrix[cube[0]][cube[1]]?is?not?None:
????????????????return?True
????????return?False
????def?rotate(self):
????????new_dir?=?self.dir?+?1
????????new_dir?%=?len(self.SHAPES_WITH_DIR[self.shape])
????????old_dir?=?self.dir
????????self.dir?=?new_dir
????????if?self.conflict(self.center):
????????????self.dir?=?old_dir
????????????return?False
????def?down(self):
????????#?import?pdb;?pdb.set_trace()
????????center?=?(self.center[0]?+?1,?self.center[1])
????????if?self.conflict(center):
????????????return?False
????????self.center?=?center
????????return?True
????def?left(self):
????????center?=?(self.center[0],?self.center[1]?-?1)
????????if?self.conflict(center):
????????????return?False
????????self.center?=?center
????????return?True
????def?right(self):
????????center?=?(self.center[0],?self.center[1]?+?1)
????????if?self.conflict(center):
????????????return?False
????????self.center?=?center
????????return?True
????def?draw(self):
????????for?cube?in?self.get_all_gridpos():
????????????pygame.draw.rect(screen,?self.color,
?????????????????????????????(cube[1]?*?GRID_WIDTH,?cube[0]?*?GRID_WIDTH,
??????????????????????????????GRID_WIDTH,?GRID_WIDTH))
????????????pygame.draw.rect(screen,?WHITE,
?????????????????????????????(cube[1]?*?GRID_WIDTH,?cube[0]?*?GRID_WIDTH,
??????????????????????????????GRID_WIDTH,?GRID_WIDTH),
?????????????????????????????1)
def?draw_grids():
????for?i?in?range(GRID_NUM_WIDTH):
????????pygame.draw.line(screen,?LINE_COLOR,
?????????????????????????(i?*?GRID_WIDTH,?0),?(i?*?GRID_WIDTH,?HEIGHT))
????for?i?in?range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT):
????????pygame.draw.line(screen,?LINE_COLOR,
?????????????????????????(0,?i?*?GRID_WIDTH),?(WIDTH,?i?*?GRID_WIDTH))
????pygame.draw.line(screen,?WHITE,
?????????????????????(GRID_WIDTH?*?GRID_NUM_WIDTH,?0),
?????????????????????(GRID_WIDTH?*?GRID_NUM_WIDTH,?GRID_WIDTH?*?GRID_NUM_HEIGHT))
def?draw_matrix():
????for?i,?row?in?zip(range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT),?screen_color_matrix):
????????for?j,?color?in?zip(range(GRID_NUM_WIDTH),?row):
????????????if?color?is?not?None:
????????????????pygame.draw.rect(screen,?color,
?????????????????????????????????(j?*?GRID_WIDTH,?i?*?GRID_WIDTH,
??????????????????????????????????GRID_WIDTH,?GRID_WIDTH))
????????????????pygame.draw.rect(screen,?WHITE,
?????????????????????????????????(j?*?GRID_WIDTH,?i?*?GRID_WIDTH,
??????????????????????????????????GRID_WIDTH,?GRID_WIDTH),?2)
def?draw_score():
????show_text(screen,?u'得分：{}'.format(score),?20,?WIDTH?+?SIDE_WIDTH?//?2,?100)
def?remove_full_line():
????global?screen_color_matrix
????global?score
????global?level
????new_matrix?=?[[None]?*?GRID_NUM_WIDTH?for?i?in?range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)]
????index?=?GRID_NUM_HEIGHT?-?1
????n_full_line?=?0
????for?i?in?range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT?-?1,?-1,?-1):
????????is_full?=?True
????????for?j?in?range(GRID_NUM_WIDTH):
????????????if?screen_color_matrix[i][j]?is?None:
????????????????is_full?=?False
????????????????continue
????????if?not?is_full:
????????????new_matrix[index]?=?screen_color_matrix[i]
????????????index?-=?1
????????else:
????????????n_full_line?+=?1
????score?+=?n_full_line
????level?=?score?//?20?+?1
????screen_color_matrix?=?new_matrix
def?show_welcome(screen):
????show_text(screen,?u'俄羅斯方塊',?30,?WIDTH?/?2,?HEIGHT?/?2)
????show_text(screen,?u'按任意鍵開始游戲',?20,?WIDTH?/?2,?HEIGHT?/?2?+?50)
running?=?True
gameover?=?True
counter?=?0
live_cube?=?None
while?running:
????clock.tick(FPS)
????for?event?in?pygame.event.get():
????????if?event.type?==?pygame.QUIT:
????????????running?=?False
????????elif?event.type?==?pygame.KEYDOWN:
????????????if?gameover:
????????????????gameover?=?False
????????????????live_cube?=?CubeShape()
????????????????break
????????????if?event.key?==?pygame.K_LEFT:
????????????????live_cube.left()
????????????elif?event.key?==?pygame.K_RIGHT:
????????????????live_cube.right()
????????????elif?event.key?==?pygame.K_DOWN:
????????????????live_cube.down()
????????????elif?event.key?==?pygame.K_UP:
????????????????live_cube.rotate()
????????????elif?event.key?==?pygame.K_SPACE:
????????????????while?live_cube.down()?==?True:
????????????????????pass
????????????remove_full_line()
????#?level?是為了方便游戲的難度，level?越高?FPS?//?level?的值越小
????#?這樣屏幕刷新的就越快，難度就越大
????if?gameover?is?False?and?counter?%?(FPS?//?level)?==?0:
????????#?down?表示下移骨牌，返回False表示下移不成功，可能超過了屏幕或者和之前固定的
????????#?小方塊沖突了
????????if?live_cube.down()?==?False:
????????????for?cube?in?live_cube.get_all_gridpos():
????????????????screen_color_matrix[cube[0]][cube[1]]?=?live_cube.color
????????????live_cube?=?CubeShape()
????????????if?live_cube.conflict(live_cube.center):
????????????????gameover?=?True
????????????????score?=?0
????????????????live_cube?=?None
????????????????screen_color_matrix?=?[[None]?*?GRID_NUM_WIDTH?for?i?in?range(GRID_NUM_HEIGHT)]
????????#?消除滿行
????????remove_full_line()
????counter?+=?1
????#?更新屏幕
????screen.fill(BLACK)
????draw_grids()
????draw_matrix()
????draw_score()
????if?live_cube?is?not?None:
????????live_cube.draw()
????if?gameover:
????????show_welcome(screen)
????pygame.display.update()到了這里，關(guān)于Python 竟能開發(fā)如此精美的俄羅斯方塊【附源碼】的文章就介紹完了。如果您還想了解更多內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)?jiān)谟疑辖撬阉鱐OY模板網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板網(wǎng)！
