PyQt5快速開發(fā)與實(shí)戰(zhàn)

9. 第9章 PyQt5 擴(kuò)展應(yīng)用

9.7 UI層的自動化測試

一般來說，UI層的自動化測試是通過工具或編寫腳本的方式來模擬手工測試的過程，通過運(yùn)行腳本來執(zhí)行測試用例，從而模擬人工對軟件的功能進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。

PyQt是Qt框架的Python語言實(shí)現(xiàn)，對于單元測試，Python可以使用它內(nèi)部自帶的單元測試模塊unittest。對于模擬手工操作，PyQt可以使用它內(nèi)部的測試模塊QTest。

9.7.1 手工測試與自動化測試

特點(diǎn)總結(jié)：

• 手工測試由人手工去執(zhí)行測試用例;自動化測試由程序代替人去執(zhí)行測試用例。
• 手工測試非常消耗時間，持續(xù)進(jìn)行手工測試會使測試人員感到疲憊;自動化測試可以代替一部分機(jī)械重復(fù)的手工測試。
• 手工測試永遠(yuǎn)無法被自動化測試取代。在整個軟件開發(fā)周期中，手工測試發(fā)現(xiàn) Bug所占的比例大，大約為80%;而自動化測試只能發(fā)現(xiàn)大約20%的 Bug。
• 手工測試適合測試業(yè)務(wù)邏輯;自動化測試適合進(jìn)行回歸測試?；貧w測試用于測試已有功能，而不是新增功能。自動化測試有利于測試項(xiàng)目底層的細(xì)節(jié)，比如可以測試出軟件的崩潰、API的錯誤返回值、業(yè)務(wù)邏輯異常和軟件的內(nèi)存使用等。

9.7.2 模擬雞尾酒的調(diào)酒器窗口

ui轉(zhuǎn)py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'MatrixWinUi.ui'
#
# Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.9.2
#
# WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!

from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets

class Ui_MatrixWin(object):
    def setupUi(self, MatrixWin):
        MatrixWin.setObjectName("MatrixWin")
        MatrixWin.resize(742, 461)
        self.groupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(MatrixWin)
        self.groupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 210, 451, 191))
        self.groupBox.setObjectName("groupBox")
        self.gridLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QGridLayout(self.groupBox)
        self.gridLayout_2.setObjectName("gridLayout_2")
        self.speedButton1 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton1.setObjectName("speedButton1")
        self.speedButtonGroup = QtWidgets.QButtonGroup(MatrixWin)
        self.speedButtonGroup.setObjectName("speedButtonGroup")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton1)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton1, 0, 0, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton3 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton3.setObjectName("speedButton3")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton3)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton3, 0, 2, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton4 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton4.setObjectName("speedButton4")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton4)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton4, 1, 0, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton5 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton5.setChecked(True)
        self.speedButton5.setObjectName("speedButton5")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton5)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton5, 1, 1, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton6 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton6.setObjectName("speedButton6")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton6)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton6, 1, 2, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton9 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton9.setObjectName("speedButton9")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton9)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton9, 3, 2, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton8 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton8.setObjectName("speedButton8")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton8)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton8, 3, 1, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton7 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton7.setObjectName("speedButton7")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton7)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton7, 3, 0, 1, 1)
        self.speedButton2 = QtWidgets.QRadioButton(self.groupBox)
        self.speedButton2.setObjectName("speedButton2")
        self.speedButtonGroup.addButton(self.speedButton2)
        self.gridLayout_2.addWidget(self.speedButton2, 0, 1, 1, 1)
        self.resultGroup = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(MatrixWin)
        self.resultGroup.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(470, 210, 261, 191))
        self.resultGroup.setObjectName("resultGroup")
        self.resultText = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.resultGroup)
        self.resultText.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 20, 241, 161))
        self.resultText.setObjectName("resultText")
        self.layoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MatrixWin)
        self.layoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 420, 390, 30))
        self.layoutWidget.setObjectName("layoutWidget")
        self.horizontalLayout = QtWidgets.QHBoxLayout(self.layoutWidget)
        self.horizontalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)
        self.horizontalLayout.setObjectName("horizontalLayout")
        self.okBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.okBtn.setObjectName("okBtn")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.okBtn)
        self.clearBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.clearBtn.setObjectName("clearBtn")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.clearBtn)
        self.cancelBtn = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.layoutWidget)
        self.cancelBtn.setObjectName("cancelBtn")
        self.horizontalLayout.addWidget(self.cancelBtn)
        self.groupBox_2 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(MatrixWin)
        self.groupBox_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(10, 10, 721, 191))
        self.groupBox_2.setObjectName("groupBox_2")
        self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 30, 151, 21))
        self.label.setObjectName("label")
        self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 60, 151, 21))
        self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")
        self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_7.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 90, 131, 21))
        self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7")
        self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_4.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 120, 151, 22))
        self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")
        self.tequilaScrollBar = QtWidgets.QScrollBar(self.groupBox_2)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setEnabled(True)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 30, 361, 21))
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setMaximum(11)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setProperty("value", 8)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setSliderPosition(8)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setObjectName("tequilaScrollBar")
        self.tripleSecSpinBox = QtWidgets.QSpinBox(self.groupBox_2)
        self.tripleSecSpinBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 60, 250, 21))
        self.tripleSecSpinBox.setMaximum(11)
        self.tripleSecSpinBox.setProperty("value", 4)
        self.tripleSecSpinBox.setObjectName("tripleSecSpinBox")
        self.limeJuiceLineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.groupBox_2)
        self.limeJuiceLineEdit.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 90, 257, 21))
        self.limeJuiceLineEdit.setObjectName("limeJuiceLineEdit")
        self.iceHorizontalSlider = QtWidgets.QSlider(self.groupBox_2)
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(130, 120, 250, 22))
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setMinimum(0)
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setMaximum(20)
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setProperty("value", 12)
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setOrientation(QtCore.Qt.Horizontal)
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setObjectName("iceHorizontalSlider")
        self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_6.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(610, 30, 61, 21))
        self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")
        self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(610, 50, 61, 21))
        self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")
        self.label_8 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_8.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(610, 80, 61, 21))
        self.label_8.setObjectName("label_8")
        self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.label_5.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(610, 120, 61, 21))
        self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")
        self.selScrollBarLbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.selScrollBarLbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(520, 30, 51, 21))
        self.selScrollBarLbl.setText("")
        self.selScrollBarLbl.setObjectName("selScrollBarLbl")
        self.selIceSliderLbl = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.groupBox_2)
        self.selIceSliderLbl.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(520, 120, 51, 21))
        self.selIceSliderLbl.setText("")
        self.selIceSliderLbl.setObjectName("selIceSliderLbl")

        self.retranslateUi(MatrixWin)
        self.okBtn.clicked.connect(MatrixWin.uiAccept)
        self.cancelBtn.clicked.connect(MatrixWin.uiReject)
        self.clearBtn.clicked.connect(MatrixWin.uiClear)
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.valueChanged['int'].connect(MatrixWin.uiIceSliderValueChanged)
        self.tequilaScrollBar.valueChanged['int'].connect(MatrixWin.uiScrollBarValueChanged)
        QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MatrixWin)

    def retranslateUi(self, MatrixWin):
        _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate
        MatrixWin.setWindowTitle(_translate("MatrixWin", "瑪格麗特雞尾酒*調(diào)酒器"))
        self.groupBox.setToolTip(_translate("MatrixWin", "Speed of the blender"))
        self.groupBox.setTitle(_translate("MatrixWin", "9種攪拌速度"))
        self.speedButton1.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Mix"))
        self.speedButton3.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Puree"))
        self.speedButton4.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Chop"))
        self.speedButton5.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Karate Chop"))
        self.speedButton6.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Beat"))
        self.speedButton9.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Vaporize"))
        self.speedButton8.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Liquefy"))
        self.speedButton7.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Smash"))
        self.speedButton2.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "&Whip"))
        self.resultGroup.setTitle(_translate("MatrixWin", "操作結(jié)果"))
        self.okBtn.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "OK"))
        self.clearBtn.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "Clear"))
        self.cancelBtn.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "Cancel"))
        self.groupBox_2.setTitle(_translate("MatrixWin", "原料"))
        self.label.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "龍舌蘭酒"))
        self.label_2.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "三重蒸餾酒"))
        self.label_7.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "檸檬汁"))
        self.label_4.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "冰塊"))
        self.tequilaScrollBar.setToolTip(_translate("MatrixWin", "Jiggers of tequila"))
        self.tripleSecSpinBox.setToolTip(_translate("MatrixWin", "Jiggers of triple sec"))
        self.limeJuiceLineEdit.setToolTip(_translate("MatrixWin", "Jiggers of lime juice"))
        self.limeJuiceLineEdit.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "12.0"))
        self.iceHorizontalSlider.setToolTip(_translate("MatrixWin", "Chunks of ice"))
        self.label_6.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "升"))
        self.label_3.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "升"))
        self.label_8.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "升"))
        self.label_5.setText(_translate("MatrixWin", "個"))

調(diào)用主窗口

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import sys     
from PyQt5.QtWidgets import *
from MatrixWinUi import *

class CallMatrixWinUi(QWidget ):
   def __init__(self, parent=None):    
      super(CallMatrixWinUi, self).__init__(parent)
      self.ui = Ui_MatrixWin()
      self.ui.setupUi(self)
      self.initUi()
      
   # 初始化窗口    
   def initUi(self):
      scrollVal = self.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value()   
      self.ui.selScrollBarLbl.setText( str(scrollVal) )  
      sliderVal = self.ui.iceHorizontalSlider.value()
      self.ui.selIceSliderLbl.setText( str(sliderVal) )     
      
   # 獲得一量杯酒的重量，單位：克
   def getJiggers(self):
      # 返回瑪格麗特就得總?cè)萘?，以jigger量酒器為單位。
      # 一個量酒器可以容納0.0444升的酒。
      jiggersTequila = self.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value()
      jiggersTripleSec = self.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value()
      jiggersLimeJuice = float(self.ui.limeJuiceLineEdit.text())
      jiggersIce = self.ui.iceHorizontalSlider.value()
      return jiggersTequila + jiggersTripleSec + jiggersLimeJuice + jiggersIce

   # 獲得一量杯酒的體積，單位：升
   def getLiters(self):
      '''返回雞尾酒的總?cè)萘?升)'''
      return 0.0444 * self.getJiggers()

   # 獲得攪拌速度
   def getSpeedName(self):
      speedButton = self.ui.speedButtonGroup.checkedButton()
      if speedButton is None:
         return None
      return speedButton.text()

   # 點(diǎn)擊ok按鈕后，把響應(yīng)的結(jié)果顯示在resultText文本框里  
   def uiAccept(self):
      print('* CallMatrixWinUi accept ')
      print('The volume of drinks is {0} liters ({1} jiggers).'.format(self.getLiters() , self.getJiggers() ))
      print('The blender is running at speed "{0}"'.format(self.getSpeedName() ))
      msg1 = '飲料量為： {0} 升 ({1} 個量酒器)。'.format(self.getLiters() , self.getJiggers() )
      msg2 = '調(diào)酒器的攪拌速度是： "{0}"。'.format(self.getSpeedName() )
      self.ui.resultText.clear() 
      self.ui.resultText.append(msg1)
      self.ui.resultText.append(msg2)
                  
   # 點(diǎn)擊cancel按鈕，關(guān)閉窗口  
   def uiReject(self):
      print('* CallMatrixWinUi reject ')
      '''Cancel.'''
      self.close()

   # 點(diǎn)擊clear按鈕，清空操作結(jié)果       
   def uiClear(self):
      print('* CallMatrixWinUi uiClear ')
      self.ui.resultText.clear()    

   def uiScrollBarValueChanged(self):
      print('* uiScrollBarValueChanged ---------')
      pos = self.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value() 
      self.ui.selScrollBarLbl.setText( str(pos) )       
      
   def uiIceSliderValueChanged( self):
      print('* uiIceSliderValueChanged ---------')
      pos = self.ui.iceHorizontalSlider.value()
      self.ui.selIceSliderLbl.setText( str(pos) )
                    
if __name__=="__main__":
   from pyqt5_plugins.examples.exampleqmlitem import QtCore
   QtCore.QCoreApplication.setAttribute(QtCore.Qt.AA_EnableHighDpiScaling)
   app = QApplication(sys.argv)  
   demo = CallMatrixWinUi()  
   demo.show()  
   sys.exit(app.exec_())  

運(yùn)行

9.7.3 單元測試程序

1. 編寫單元測試類

   class MatrixWinTest(unittest.TestCase):  
       # 初始化工作  
      def setUp(self):  
         print('*** setUp ***')
         self.app = QApplication(sys.argv)  
         self.form = CallMatrixWinUi.CallMatrixWinUi()
         self.form.show()      
         
         # 新建對象，傳入?yún)?shù)。每5秒執(zhí)行一個測試用例 TestCase。
         self.bkThread = BackWorkThread(int( 5 ))
         # 連接子進(jìn)程的信號和槽函數(shù)
         self.bkThread.finishSignal.connect(self.closeWindow)
         #self.bkThread.finishSignal.connect(self.app.exec_)
         
         # 啟動線程，開始執(zhí)行run()函數(shù)里的內(nèi)容
         self.bkThread.start()
                 
      # 退出清理工作  
      def tearDown(self):  
         print('*** tearDown ***')
         self.app.exec_() 
   

2. 定時關(guān)閉窗口

   # 繼承 QThread 類
   class BackWorkThread(QThread):  
      # 聲明一個信號，同時返回一個str
      finishSignal = pyqtSignal(str)
      # 構(gòu)造函數(shù)里增加形參
      def __init__(self, sleepTime,parent=None):
         super(BackWorkThread, self).__init__(parent)
         # 儲存參數(shù)
         self.sleepTime = sleepTime
   
      #重寫run()函數(shù)，在里面定時執(zhí)行業(yè)務(wù)。
      def run(self):
         # 休眠一段時間
         time.sleep(self.sleepTime)
         # 休眠結(jié)束，發(fā)送一個信號告訴主線程窗口
         self.finishSignal.emit('ok , begin to close Window')
   

3. 測試調(diào)酒器窗口的默認(rèn)值

# 測試用例-在默認(rèn)狀態(tài)下的測試GUI 
def test_defaults(self):
   '''測試GUI處于默認(rèn)狀態(tài)'''
   print('*** testCase test_defaults begin ***')
   self.form.setWindowTitle('開始測試用例 test_defaults ')
         
   self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value(), 8)
   self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value(), 4)
   self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.limeJuiceLineEdit.text(), "12.0")
   self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.iceHorizontalSlider.value(), 12)
   self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.speedButtonGroup.checkedButton().text(), "&Karate Chop")        
   print('*** speedName='+ self.form.getSpeedName() )

   # 用鼠標(biāo)左鍵按OK    
   okWidget = self.form.ui.okBtn
   QTest.mouseClick(okWidget, Qt.LeftButton)
   
   # 即使沒有按OK，Class也處于默認(rèn)狀態(tài)
   self.assertEqual(self.form.getJiggers() , 36.0)
   self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Karate Chop")
   print('*** testCase test_defaults end ***')    

4. 測試PyQt的QScrollBar

   # 設(shè)置窗口中所有部件的值為0，狀態(tài)為初始狀態(tài)。    
   def setFormToZero(self):
      print('* setFormToZero *')              
      self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.setValue(0)
      self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.setValue(0)
      self.form.ui.limeJuiceLineEdit.setText("0.0")
      self.form.ui.iceHorizontalSlider.setValue(0)
      
      self.form.ui.selScrollBarLbl.setText("0")  
      self.form.ui.selIceSliderLbl.setText("0")  
   

   # 測試用例-測試滾動條
   def test_moveScrollBar(self):
      '''測試用例test_moveScrollBar'''   
      print('*** testCase test_moveScrollBar begin ***')
      self.form.setWindowTitle('開始測試用例 test_moveScrollBar ') 
      self.setFormToZero()
      
          # 測試將龍舌蘭酒的滾動條的值設(shè)定為 12 ，ui中它實(shí)際的最大值為 11
      self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.setValue( 12 )
      print('* 當(dāng)執(zhí)行self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.setValue(12) 后，ui.tequilaScrollBar.value() => ' + str( self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value() ) )
      self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value(), 11 )
      
          # 測試將龍舌蘭酒的滾動條的值設(shè)定為 -1 ，ui中它實(shí)際的最小值為 0
      self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.setValue(-1)
      print('* 當(dāng)執(zhí)行self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.setValue(-1) 后，ui.tequilaScrollBar.value() => ' + str( self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value() ) )
      self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.value(), 0)
      
      # 重新將將龍舌蘭酒的滾動條的值設(shè)定為 5
      self.form.ui.tequilaScrollBar.setValue(5)
            
          # 用鼠標(biāo)左鍵按OK按鈕
      okWidget = self.form.ui.okBtn
      QTest.mouseClick(okWidget, Qt.LeftButton)
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getJiggers() , 5)
      print('*** testCase test_moveScrollBar end ***')
   

   

5. 測試PyQt的QSpinBox

   # 測試用例-測試滾動條
   def test_tripleSecSpinBox(self):
      '''測試用例 test_tripleSecSpinBox '''  
      print('*** testCase test_tripleSecSpinBox begin ***')
      self.form.setWindowTitle('開始測試用例 test_tripleSecSpinBox ')  
      '''測試修改spinBox部件的最大最小值
         測試它的最小和最大值作為讀者的練習(xí)。
          '''    
      self.setFormToZero()
      # tripleSecSpinBox在界面中的取值范圍為 0 到 11， 將它的最大值設(shè)為 12，看是否顯示正常。
      self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.setValue(12)
      print('* 當(dāng)執(zhí)行self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.setValue(12) 后，ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value() => ' + str( self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value() ) )          
      self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value(), 11 )   
   
      # tripleSecSpinBox在界面中的取值范圍為 0 到 11， 將它的最小值設(shè)為 -1， 看是否顯示正常。
      self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.setValue(-1)
      print('* 當(dāng)執(zhí)行self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.setValue(-1) 后，ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value() => ' + str( self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value() ) )          
      self.assertEqual(self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.value(), 0 )    
      
      self.form.ui.tripleSecSpinBox.setValue(2)
   
          # 用鼠標(biāo)左鍵按OK按鈕
      okWidget = self.form.ui.okBtn
      QTest.mouseClick(okWidget, Qt.LeftButton)
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getJiggers(), 2)       
      print('*** testCase test_tripleSecSpinBox end ***')
   

   

6. 測試PyQt的QLineEdit

   # 測試用例-測試檸檬汁單行文本框      
   def test_limeJuiceLineEdit(self):
      '''測試用例 test_limeJuiceLineEdit ''' 
      print('*** testCase test_limeJuiceLineEdit begin ***')
      self.form.setWindowTitle('開始測試用例 test_limeJuiceLineEdit ')       
      '''測試修改juice line edit部件的最大最小值
      測試它的最小和最大值作為讀者的練習(xí)。
      '''
      self.setFormToZero()      
          # 清除lineEdit小部件值，然后在lineEdit小部件中鍵入“3.5”
      self.form.ui.limeJuiceLineEdit.clear()    
      QTest.keyClicks(self.form.ui.limeJuiceLineEdit, "3.5")
      
          # 用鼠標(biāo)左鍵按OK按鈕
      okWidget = self.form.ui.okBtn
      QTest.mouseClick(okWidget, Qt.LeftButton)
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getJiggers() , 3.5)
      print('*** testCase test_limeJuiceLineEdit end ***')
   

   

7. 測試PyQt的QSlider

   # 測試用例-測試iceHorizontalSlider
   def test_iceHorizontalSlider(self):
      '''測試用例 test_iceHorizontalSlider '''   
      print('*** testCase test_iceHorizontalSlider begin ***')   
      self.form.setWindowTitle('開始測試用例 test_iceHorizontalSlider ')   
            
      '''測試ice slider.
      測試它的最小和最大值作為讀者的練習(xí)。
      '''
      self.setFormToZero()
      self.form.ui.iceHorizontalSlider.setValue(4)
   
      # 用鼠標(biāo)左鍵按OK按鈕
      okWidget = self.form.ui.okBtn
      QTest.mouseClick(okWidget, Qt.LeftButton)
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getJiggers(), 4)       
      print('*** testCase test_iceHorizontalSlider end ***')
   

   

8. 測試PyQt的QRadioButton

   def test_blenderSpeedButtons(self):
      print('*** testCase test_blenderSpeedButtons begin ***')      
      '''測試選擇攪拌速度按鈕'''
      self.form.ui.speedButton1.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Mix")    
      self.form.ui.speedButton2.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Whip")
      self.form.ui.speedButton3.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Puree")      
      self.form.ui.speedButton4.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Chop")
      self.form.ui.speedButton5.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Karate Chop")    
      self.form.ui.speedButton6.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Beat")
      self.form.ui.speedButton7.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Smash")
      self.form.ui.speedButton8.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Liquefy")
      self.form.ui.speedButton9.click()
      self.assertEqual(self.form.getSpeedName(), "&Vaporize")       
      print('*** testCase test_blenderSpeedButtons end ***')
   

   

9.7.4 運(yùn)行測試用例

1. 默認(rèn)執(zhí)行所有的測試用例

2. 按照指定順序執(zhí)行測試用例

9.7.5 生成測試報告

使用HTMLTestRunner生成測試報告。

HTMLTestRunner.py

"""
A TestRunner for use with the Python unit testing framework. It
generates a HTML report to show the result at a glance.

The simplest way to use this is to invoke its main method. E.g.

    import unittest
    import HTMLTestRunner

    ... define your tests ...

    if __name__ == '__main__':
        HTMLTestRunner.main()


For more customization options, instantiates a HTMLTestRunner object.
HTMLTestRunner is a counterpart to unittest's TextTestRunner. E.g.

    # output to a file
    fp = file('my_report.html', 'wb')
    runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(
                stream=fp,
                title='My unit test',
                description='This demonstrates the report output by HTMLTestRunner.'
                )

    # Use an external stylesheet.
    # See the Template_mixin class for more customizable options
    runner.STYLESHEET_TMPL = '<link rel="stylesheet" href="my_stylesheet.css" type="text/css">'

    # run the test
    runner.run(my_test_suite)


------------------------------------------------------------------------
Copyright (c) 2004-2007, Wai Yip Tung
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:

* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
  this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name Wai Yip Tung nor the names of its contributors may be
  used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
  specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS
IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER
OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
"""

# URL: http://tungwaiyip.info/software/HTMLTestRunner.html

__author__ = "Wai Yip Tung"
__version__ = "0.8.2"


"""
Change History

Version 0.8.2
* Show output inline instead of popup window (Viorel Lupu).

Version in 0.8.1
* Validated XHTML (Wolfgang Borgert).
* Added description of test classes and test cases.

Version in 0.8.0
* Define Template_mixin class for customization.
* Workaround a IE 6 bug that it does not treat <script> block as CDATA.

Version in 0.7.1
* Back port to Python 2.3 (Frank Horowitz).
* Fix missing scroll bars in detail log (Podi).
"""

# TODO: color stderr
# TODO: simplify javascript using ,ore than 1 class in the class attribute?

import datetime
import io
import sys
import time
import unittest
from xml.sax import saxutils


# ------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The redirectors below are used to capture output during testing. Output
# sent to sys.stdout and sys.stderr are automatically captured. However
# in some cases sys.stdout is already cached before HTMLTestRunner is
# invoked (e.g. calling logging.basicConfig). In order to capture those
# output, use the redirectors for the cached stream.
#
# e.g.
#   >>> logging.basicConfig(stream=HTMLTestRunner.stdout_redirector)
#   >>>

class OutputRedirector(object):
    """ Wrapper to redirect stdout or stderr """
    def __init__(self, fp):
        self.fp = fp

    def write(self, s):
        self.fp.write(s)

    def writelines(self, lines):
        self.fp.writelines(lines)

    def flush(self):
        self.fp.flush()

stdout_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stdout)
stderr_redirector = OutputRedirector(sys.stderr)



# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
# Template

class Template_mixin(object):
    """
    Define a HTML template for report customerization and generation.

    Overall structure of an HTML report

    HTML
    +------------------------+
    |<html>                  |
    |  <head>                |
    |                        |
    |   STYLESHEET           |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |   |                |   |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |                        |
    |  </head>               |
    |                        |
    |  <body>                |
    |                        |
    |   HEADING              |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |   |                |   |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |                        |
    |   REPORT               |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |   |                |   |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |                        |
    |   ENDING               |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |   |                |   |
    |   +----------------+   |
    |                        |
    |  </body>               |
    |</html>                 |
    +------------------------+
    """

    STATUS = {
    0: 'pass',
    1: 'fail',
    2: 'error',
    }

    DEFAULT_TITLE = 'Unit Test Report'
    DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION = ''

    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # HTML Template

    HTML_TMPL = r"""<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <title>%(title)s</title>
    <meta name="generator" content="%(generator)s"/>
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/>
    %(stylesheet)s
</head>
<body>
<script language="javascript" type="text/javascript"><!--
output_list = Array();

/* level - 0:Summary; 1:Failed; 2:All */
function showCase(level) {
    trs = document.getElementsByTagName("tr");
    for (var i = 0; i < trs.length; i++) {
        tr = trs[i];
        id = tr.id;
        if (id.substr(0,2) == 'ft') {
            if (level < 1) {
                tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
            }
            else {
                tr.className = '';
            }
        }
        if (id.substr(0,2) == 'pt') {
            if (level > 1) {
                tr.className = '';
            }
            else {
                tr.className = 'hiddenRow';
            }
        }
    }
}


function showClassDetail(cid, count) {
    var id_list = Array(count);
    var toHide = 1;
    for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        tid0 = 't' + cid.substr(1) + '.' + (i+1);
        tid = 'f' + tid0;
        tr = document.getElementById(tid);
        if (!tr) {
            tid = 'p' + tid0;
            tr = document.getElementById(tid);
        }
        id_list[i] = tid;
        if (tr.className) {
            toHide = 0;
        }
    }
    for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {
        tid = id_list[i];
        if (toHide) {
            document.getElementById('div_'+tid).style.display = 'none'
            document.getElementById(tid).className = 'hiddenRow';
        }
        else {
            document.getElementById(tid).className = '';
        }
    }
}


function showTestDetail(div_id){
    var details_div = document.getElementById(div_id)
    var displayState = details_div.style.display
    // alert(displayState)
    if (displayState != 'block' ) {
        displayState = 'block'
        details_div.style.display = 'block'
    }
    else {
        details_div.style.display = 'none'
    }
}


function html_escape(s) {
    s = s.replace(/&/g,'&amp;');
    s = s.replace(/</g,'&lt;');
    s = s.replace(/>/g,'&gt;');
    return s;
}

/* obsoleted by detail in <div>
function showOutput(id, name) {
    var w = window.open("", //url
                    name,
                    "resizable,scrollbars,status,width=800,height=450");
    d = w.document;
    d.write("<pre>");
    d.write(html_escape(output_list[id]));
    d.write("\n");
    d.write("<a href='javascript:window.close()'>close</a>\n");
    d.write("</pre>\n");
    d.close();
}
*/
--></script>

%(heading)s
%(report)s
%(ending)s

</body>
</html>
"""
    # variables: (title, generator, stylesheet, heading, report, ending)


    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Stylesheet
    #
    # alternatively use a <link> for external style sheet, e.g.
    #   <link rel="stylesheet" href="$url" type="text/css">

    STYLESHEET_TMPL = """
<style type="text/css" media="screen">
body        { font-family: verdana, arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 80%; }
table       { font-size: 100%; }
pre         { }

/* -- heading ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
h1 {
   font-size: 16pt;
   color: gray;
}
.heading {
    margin-top: 0ex;
    margin-bottom: 1ex;
}

.heading .attribute {
    margin-top: 1ex;
    margin-bottom: 0;
}

.heading .description {
    margin-top: 4ex;
    margin-bottom: 6ex;
}

/* -- css div popup ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
a.popup_link {
}

a.popup_link:hover {
    color: red;
}

.popup_window {
    display: none;
    position: relative;
    left: 0px;
    top: 0px;
    /*border: solid #627173 1px; */
    padding: 10px;
    background-color: #E6E6D6;
    font-family: "Lucida Console", "Courier New", Courier, monospace;
    text-align: left;
    font-size: 8pt;
    width: 500px;
}

}
/* -- report ------------------------------------------------------------------------ */
#show_detail_line {
    margin-top: 3ex;
    margin-bottom: 1ex;
}
#result_table {
    width: 80%;
    border-collapse: collapse;
    border: 1px solid #777;
}
#header_row {
    font-weight: bold;
    color: white;
    background-color: #777;
}
#result_table td {
    border: 1px solid #777;
    padding: 2px;
}
#total_row  { font-weight: bold; }
.passClass  { background-color: #6c6; }
.failClass  { background-color: #c60; }
.errorClass { background-color: #c00; }
.passCase   { color: #6c6; }
.failCase   { color: #c60; font-weight: bold; }
.errorCase  { color: #c00; font-weight: bold; }
.hiddenRow  { display: none; }
.testcase   { margin-left: 2em; }


/* -- ending ---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
#ending {
}

</style>
"""



    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Heading
    #

    HEADING_TMPL = """<div class='heading'>
<h1>%(title)s</h1>
%(parameters)s
<p class='description'>%(description)s</p>
</div>

""" # variables: (title, parameters, description)

    HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL = """<p class='attribute'><strong>%(name)s:</strong> %(value)s</p>
""" # variables: (name, value)



    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Report
    #

    REPORT_TMPL = """
<p id='show_detail_line'>Show
<a href='javascript:showCase(0)'>Summary</a>
<a href='javascript:showCase(1)'>Failed</a>
<a href='javascript:showCase(2)'>All</a>
</p>
<table id='result_table'>
<colgroup>
<col align='left' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
<col align='right' />
</colgroup>
<tr id='header_row'>
    <td>Test Group/Test case</td>
    <td>Count</td>
    <td>Pass</td>
    <td>Fail</td>
    <td>Error</td>
    <td>View</td>
</tr>
%(test_list)s
<tr id='total_row'>
    <td>Total</td>
    <td>%(count)s</td>
    <td>%(Pass)s</td>
    <td>%(fail)s</td>
    <td>%(error)s</td>
    <td>&nbsp;</td>
</tr>
</table>
""" # variables: (test_list, count, Pass, fail, error)

    REPORT_CLASS_TMPL = r"""
<tr class='%(style)s'>
    <td>%(desc)s</td>
    <td>%(count)s</td>
    <td>%(Pass)s</td>
    <td>%(fail)s</td>
    <td>%(error)s</td>
    <td><a href="javascript:showClassDetail('%(cid)s',%(count)s)">Detail</a></td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (style, desc, count, Pass, fail, error, cid)


    REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
<tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
    <td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
    <td colspan='5' align='center'>

    <!--css div popup start-->
    <a class="popup_link" οnfοcus='this.blur();' href="javascript:showTestDetail('div_%(tid)s')" >
        %(status)s</a>

    <div id='div_%(tid)s' class="popup_window">
        <div style='text-align: right; color:red;cursor:pointer'>
        <a οnfοcus='this.blur();' οnclick="document.getElementById('div_%(tid)s').style.display = 'none' " >
           [x]</a>
        </div>
        <pre>
        %(script)s
        </pre>
    </div>
    <!--css div popup end-->

    </td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)


    REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
<tr id='%(tid)s' class='%(Class)s'>
    <td class='%(style)s'><div class='testcase'>%(desc)s</div></td>
    <td colspan='5' align='center'>%(status)s</td>
</tr>
""" # variables: (tid, Class, style, desc, status)


    REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL = r"""
%(id)s: %(output)s
""" # variables: (id, output)



    # ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # ENDING
    #

    ENDING_TMPL = """<div id='ending'>&nbsp;</div>"""

# -------------------- The end of the Template class -------------------


TestResult = unittest.TestResult

class _TestResult(TestResult):
    # note: _TestResult is a pure representation of results.
    # It lacks the output and reporting ability compares to unittest._TextTestResult.

    def __init__(self, verbosity=1):
        TestResult.__init__(self)
        self.stdout0 = None
        self.stderr0 = None
        self.success_count = 0
        self.failure_count = 0
        self.error_count = 0
        self.verbosity = verbosity

        # result is a list of result in 4 tuple
        # (
        #   result code (0: success; 1: fail; 2: error),
        #   TestCase object,
        #   Test output (byte string),
        #   stack trace,
        # )
        self.result = []


    def startTest(self, test):
        TestResult.startTest(self, test)
        # just one buffer for both stdout and stderr
        self.outputBuffer = io.StringIO()
        stdout_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
        stderr_redirector.fp = self.outputBuffer
        self.stdout0 = sys.stdout
        self.stderr0 = sys.stderr
        sys.stdout = stdout_redirector
        sys.stderr = stderr_redirector


    def complete_output(self):
        """
        Disconnect output redirection and return buffer.
        Safe to call multiple times.
        """
        if self.stdout0:
            sys.stdout = self.stdout0
            sys.stderr = self.stderr0
            self.stdout0 = None
            self.stderr0 = None
        return self.outputBuffer.getvalue()


    def stopTest(self, test):
        # Usually one of addSuccess, addError or addFailure would have been called.
        # But there are some path in unittest that would bypass this.
        # We must disconnect stdout in stopTest(), which is guaranteed to be called.
        self.complete_output()


    def addSuccess(self, test):
        self.success_count += 1
        TestResult.addSuccess(self, test)
        output = self.complete_output()
        self.result.append((0, test, output, ''))
        if self.verbosity > 1:
            sys.stderr.write('ok ')
            sys.stderr.write(str(test))
            sys.stderr.write('\n')
        else:
            sys.stderr.write('.')

    def addError(self, test, err):
        self.error_count += 1
        TestResult.addError(self, test, err)
        _, _exc_str = self.errors[-1]
        output = self.complete_output()
        self.result.append((2, test, output, _exc_str))
        if self.verbosity > 1:
            sys.stderr.write('E  ')
            sys.stderr.write(str(test))
            sys.stderr.write('\n')
        else:
            sys.stderr.write('E')

    def addFailure(self, test, err):
        self.failure_count += 1
        TestResult.addFailure(self, test, err)
        _, _exc_str = self.failures[-1]
        output = self.complete_output()
        self.result.append((1, test, output, _exc_str))
        if self.verbosity > 1:
            sys.stderr.write('F  ')
            sys.stderr.write(str(test))
            sys.stderr.write('\n')
        else:
            sys.stderr.write('F')


class HTMLTestRunner(Template_mixin):
    """
    """
    def __init__(self, stream=sys.stdout, verbosity=1, title=None, description=None):
        self.stream = stream
        self.verbosity = verbosity
        if title is None:
            self.title = self.DEFAULT_TITLE
        else:
            self.title = title
        if description is None:
            self.description = self.DEFAULT_DESCRIPTION
        else:
            self.description = description

        self.startTime = datetime.datetime.now()


    def run(self, test):
        "Run the given test case or test suite."
        result = _TestResult(self.verbosity)
        test(result)
        self.stopTime = datetime.datetime.now()
        self.generateReport(test, result)
        # print >> sys.stderr, '\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime)
        print(sys.stderr, '\nTime Elapsed: %s' % (self.stopTime-self.startTime))
        return result


    def sortResult(self, result_list):
        # unittest does not seems to run in any particular order.
        # Here at least we want to group them together by class.
        rmap = {}
        classes = []
        for n,t,o,e in result_list:
            cls = t.__class__
            if not cls in rmap:
                rmap[cls] = []
                classes.append(cls)
            rmap[cls].append((n,t,o,e))
        r = [(cls, rmap[cls]) for cls in classes]
        return r


    def getReportAttributes(self, result):
        """
        Return report attributes as a list of (name, value).
        Override this to add custom attributes.
        """
        startTime = str(self.startTime)[:19]
        duration = str(self.stopTime - self.startTime)
        status = []
        if result.success_count: status.append('Pass %s'    % result.success_count)
        if result.failure_count: status.append('Failure %s' % result.failure_count)
        if result.error_count:   status.append('Error %s'   % result.error_count  )
        if status:
            status = ' '.join(status)
        else:
            status = 'none'
        return [
            ('Start Time', startTime),
            ('Duration', duration),
            ('Status', status),
        ]


    def generateReport(self, test, result):
        report_attrs = self.getReportAttributes(result)
        generator = 'HTMLTestRunner %s' % __version__
        stylesheet = self._generate_stylesheet()
        heading = self._generate_heading(report_attrs)
        report = self._generate_report(result)
        ending = self._generate_ending()
        output = self.HTML_TMPL % dict(
            title = saxutils.escape(self.title),
            generator = generator,
            stylesheet = stylesheet,
            heading = heading,
            report = report,
            ending = ending,
        )
        self.stream.write(output.encode('utf8'))


    def _generate_stylesheet(self):
        return self.STYLESHEET_TMPL


    def _generate_heading(self, report_attrs):
        a_lines = []
        for name, value in report_attrs:
            line = self.HEADING_ATTRIBUTE_TMPL % dict(
                    name = saxutils.escape(name),
                    value = saxutils.escape(value),
                )
            a_lines.append(line)
        heading = self.HEADING_TMPL % dict(
            title = saxutils.escape(self.title),
            parameters = ''.join(a_lines),
            description = saxutils.escape(self.description),
        )
        return heading


    def _generate_report(self, result):
        rows = []
        sortedResult = self.sortResult(result.result)
        for cid, (cls, cls_results) in enumerate(sortedResult):
            # subtotal for a class
            np = nf = ne = 0
            for n,t,o,e in cls_results:
                if n == 0: np += 1
                elif n == 1: nf += 1
                else: ne += 1

            # format class description
            if cls.__module__ == "__main__":
                name = cls.__name__
            else:
                name = "%s.%s" % (cls.__module__, cls.__name__)
            doc = cls.__doc__ and cls.__doc__.split("\n")[0] or ""
            desc = doc and '%s: %s' % (name, doc) or name

            row = self.REPORT_CLASS_TMPL % dict(
                style = ne > 0 and 'errorClass' or nf > 0 and 'failClass' or 'passClass',
                desc = desc,
                count = np+nf+ne,
                Pass = np,
                fail = nf,
                error = ne,
                cid = 'c%s' % (cid+1),
            )
            rows.append(row)

            for tid, (n,t,o,e) in enumerate(cls_results):
                self._generate_report_test(rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e)

        report = self.REPORT_TMPL % dict(
            test_list = ''.join(rows),
            count = str(result.success_count+result.failure_count+result.error_count),
            Pass = str(result.success_count),
            fail = str(result.failure_count),
            error = str(result.error_count),
        )
        return report


    def _generate_report_test(self, rows, cid, tid, n, t, o, e):
        # e.g. 'pt1.1', 'ft1.1', etc
        has_output = bool(o or e)
        tid = (n == 0 and 'p' or 'f') + 't%s.%s' % (cid+1,tid+1)
        name = t.id().split('.')[-1]
        doc = t.shortDescription() or ""
        desc = doc and ('%s: %s' % (name, doc)) or name
        tmpl = has_output and self.REPORT_TEST_WITH_OUTPUT_TMPL or self.REPORT_TEST_NO_OUTPUT_TMPL

        # o and e should be byte string because they are collected from stdout and stderr?
        if isinstance(o,str):
            # TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
            # uo = unicode(o.encode('string_escape'))
            # uo = o.decode('latin-1')
            uo = e
        else:
            uo = o
        if isinstance(e,str):
            # TODO: some problem with 'string_escape': it escape \n and mess up formating
            # ue = unicode(e.encode('string_escape'))
            # ue = e.decode('latin-1')
            ue = e
        else:
            ue = e

        script = self.REPORT_TEST_OUTPUT_TMPL % dict(
            id = tid,
            output = saxutils.escape(str(uo)+ue),
        )

        row = tmpl % dict(
            tid = tid,
            Class = (n == 0 and 'hiddenRow' or 'none'),
            style = n == 2 and 'errorCase' or (n == 1 and 'failCase' or 'none'),
            desc = desc,
            script = script,
            status = self.STATUS[n],
        )
        rows.append(row)
        if not has_output:
            return

    def _generate_ending(self):
        return self.ENDING_TMPL


##############################################################################
# Facilities for running tests from the command line
##############################################################################

# Note: Reuse unittest.TestProgram to launch test. In the future we may
# build our own launcher to support more specific command line
# parameters like test title, CSS, etc.
class TestProgram(unittest.TestProgram):
    """
    A variation of the unittest.TestProgram. Please refer to the base
    class for command line parameters.
    """
    def runTests(self):
        # Pick HTMLTestRunner as the default test runner.
        # base class's testRunner parameter is not useful because it means
        # we have to instantiate HTMLTestRunner before we know self.verbosity.
        if self.testRunner is None:
            self.testRunner = HTMLTestRunner(verbosity=self.verbosity)
        unittest.TestProgram.runTests(self)

main = TestProgram

##############################################################################
# Executing this module from the command line
##############################################################################

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main(module=None)

import unittest
import HTMLTestRunner
import time   
from MatrixWinTest import MatrixWinTest
   
if __name__ == "__main__":  
    
   now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M_%S", time.localtime(time.time()))  
   print( now )
   testunit = unittest.TestSuite()
   testunit.addTest(unittest.makeSuite(MatrixWinTest ))
       
   htmlFile = ".\\"+now+"HTMLtemplate.html"
   print( 'htmlFile='+ htmlFile)
   fp = open(htmlFile,'wb')
   runner = HTMLTestRunner.HTMLTestRunner(
      stream=fp, 
      title=u"PyQt5測試報告", 
      description=u"用例測試情況")
   runner.run(testunit)
   fp.close()

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