個(gè)人經(jīng)常使用到selenium來(lái)控制瀏覽器進(jìn)行相關(guān)的操作，但是Chrome瀏覽器經(jīng)常會(huì)自動(dòng)更新，導(dǎo)致已有的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序chromedriver.exe失效，需要重新下載。

以前嘗試過(guò)禁止Chrome瀏覽器更新，但是這并不是很好的解決方案。

于是換了個(gè)方向，既然Chrome瀏覽器會(huì)自動(dòng)更新，那么在我使用selenium控制瀏覽器時(shí)，也進(jìn)行自動(dòng)更新驅(qū)動(dòng)程序。

官方下載速度太慢，這里使用的是淘寶NPM鏡像地址：CNPM Binaries Mirrorhttps://registry.npmmirror.com/binary.html?path=chromedriver/

首先通過(guò)selenium嘗試啟動(dòng)Chrome瀏覽器，如果異常再做對(duì)應(yīng)的處理，就當(dāng)前項(xiàng)目主要有兩個(gè)異常：

1. 驅(qū)動(dòng)文件不存在：

   selenium.common.exceptions.WebDriverException: Message: 'chromedriver' executable needs to be in PATH.

2. 驅(qū)動(dòng)文件與當(dāng)前瀏覽器不兼容：

   selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: session not created: This version of ChromeDriver only supports Chrome version 101 Current browser version is 113.0.5672.64 with binary path C:\Program Files\Google\Chrome\Application\chrome.exe

然后根據(jù)對(duì)應(yīng)的異常捕獲本地已安裝的Chrome瀏覽器的版本，然后進(jìn)行下載/更新

驅(qū)動(dòng)程序chromedriver.exe版本號(hào)一般為4個(gè)字段（113.0.5672.24），使用正則匹配前3個(gè)字段，最后一位使用最小的版本號(hào)

?最后拼接對(duì)應(yīng)版本號(hào)驅(qū)動(dòng)程序的下載鏈接，下載并解壓驅(qū)動(dòng)文件，完成自動(dòng)下載/更新操作。

?完整代碼：文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-487901.html

import os
import re
import sys
import winreg
import requests
from zipfile import ZipFile
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.common.exceptions import WebDriverException, SessionNotCreatedException


def download_webdriver(driver_version):
    """
    下載更新驅(qū)動(dòng)\n
    驅(qū)動(dòng)下載網(wǎng)址：https://registry.npmmirror.com/binary.html?path=chromedriver/
    """
    # 獲取驅(qū)動(dòng)列表
    version_list = requests.get("https://registry.npmmirror.com/-/binary/chromedriver/").json()
    version_list = [version["name"] for version in version_list]
    # 獲取符合的驅(qū)動(dòng)版本號(hào)
    target_version = driver_version.rsplit(".", 1)[0]  # 112.0.5615.28 >>> 112.0.5615
    for version in version_list:
        result = re.match(f"{target_version}.\d+", version)
        if result != None:
            target_version = result.group(0)
    print(f"目標(biāo)驅(qū)動(dòng)程序版本: {target_version}")
    # 下載驅(qū)動(dòng)壓縮包
    download_url = f"https://cdn.npmmirror.com/binaries/chromedriver/{target_version}/chromedriver_win32.zip"
    res = requests.get(download_url, stream=True)
    file_size = int(res.headers.get('Content-Length'))  # 獲取文件總大小(字節(jié))
    file_size_MB = file_size / 1024 / 1024
    with open('./chromedriver_win32.zip', 'wb') as fwb:
        n = 1
        for chunk in res.iter_content(int(file_size / 10) + 1):   # 每次遍歷的塊大小
            fwb.write(chunk)
            schedule = "████" * n + "    " * (10 - n)
            print(f"進(jìn)度: {10*n}% |{schedule}| {(file_size_MB/10)*n:.2f}MB/{file_size_MB:.2f}MB", end='\r')
            n += 1
    # 解壓驅(qū)動(dòng)壓縮包
    with ZipFile("./chromedriver_win32.zip") as file:
        file.extract("chromedriver.exe", ".")
    os.remove("./chromedriver_win32.zip")
    print("\n下載/更新完成！")


def create_webdriver(options=None):
    """
    判斷瀏覽器驅(qū)動(dòng)是否正常\n
    return：瀏覽器驅(qū)動(dòng)對(duì)象
    """
    while True:
        try:    # 判斷驅(qū)動(dòng)是否正常
            driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)
            return driver
        except SessionNotCreatedException as msg:   # 驅(qū)動(dòng)與瀏覽器版本不一致
            driver_version = re.search("Chrome version (\d+)", str(msg)).group(1)
            chrome_version = re.search("Current browser version is ([\d.]+) with", str(msg)).group(1)
            print(f"SessionNotCreatedException: 瀏覽器版本與驅(qū)動(dòng)程序不兼容，瀏覽器({chrome_version})，當(dāng)前驅(qū)動(dòng)程序({driver_version})\n正在更新驅(qū)動(dòng)程序...")
            download_webdriver(chrome_version)
        except WebDriverException as msg:   # 缺少驅(qū)動(dòng)文件
            # 獲取本機(jī)Chrome瀏覽器的版本
            key = winreg.OpenKey(winreg.HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, 'SOFTWARE\\WOW6432Node\\Microsoft\\Windows\\CurrentVersion\\Uninstall\\Google Chrome')
            chrome_version = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, 'DisplayVersion')[0]    # Version
            print(f"WebDriverException: 缺少瀏覽器對(duì)應(yīng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)程序，瀏覽器({chrome_version})\n正在下載驅(qū)動(dòng)程序...")
            download_webdriver(chrome_version)
        except Exception as msg:
            print(msg)
            sys.exit(1)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    options.add_experimental_option('excludeSwitches', ['enable-logging'])

    driver = create_webdriver(options)
    print(111)
    driver.quit()

到了這里，關(guān)于Selenium根據(jù)Chrome瀏覽器版本自動(dòng)下載/更新驅(qū)動(dòng)chromedriver.exe的文章就介紹完了。如果您還想了解更多內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)?jiān)谟疑辖撬阉鱐OY模板網(wǎng)以前的文章或繼續(xù)瀏覽下面的相關(guān)文章，希望大家以后多多支持TOY模板網(wǎng)！