WPF 透明窗體和鼠標(biāo)事件穿透
一個(gè)自定義WPF窗體的解決方案，借鑒了呂毅老師的WPF制作高性能的透明背景的異形窗口一文，并在此基礎(chǔ)上增加了鼠標(biāo)穿透的功能?？梢允沟猛该鞔绑w的鼠標(biāo)事件穿透到下層，在下層窗體中響應(yīng)。這一功能在開發(fā)一些截圖工具，直播、會(huì)議標(biāo)注工具的時(shí)候會(huì)有比較多的應(yīng)用，簡單記錄下來希望可以幫到大家。
這個(gè)方法不一定是制作WPF透明窗體最合適的方法，請(qǐng)各路大大不要噴。
代碼可以從以下倉庫找到
Github： https://github.com/mrchipset/simple-wpf
一、 去除標(biāo)題欄
去除標(biāo)題欄的方式非常簡單，就是設(shè)置WindowStyle為None
<Window x:Class="NonFrameWindow.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:NonFrameWindow"
mc:Ignorable="d"
WindowStyle ="None" ResizeMode="CanMinimize"
Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
二、 設(shè)置窗體模板顯示透明背景和內(nèi)容
使用WindowChrome類自定義窗體樣式，設(shè)置 GlassFrameThickness 為-1表示遮擋住整個(gè)原生窗口。設(shè)置Window模板增加透明的邊框背景，嵌套一個(gè)圓角邊框并配置陰影屬性，在邊框中展示其他內(nèi)容控件
<WindowChrome.WindowChrome>
<WindowChrome GlassFrameThickness="-1"/>
</WindowChrome.WindowChrome>
<Window.Template>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="Window">
<Border Padding="64" Background="Transparent">
<Border CornerRadius="16" Background="#10FF1010">
<Border.Effect>
<DropShadowEffect BlurRadius="64" />
</Border.Effect>
<ContentPresenter ClipToBounds="True" />
</Border>
</Border>
</ControlTemplate>
</Window.Template>
三、設(shè)置窗口屬性使得鼠標(biāo)事件穿透到下層窗體
引入user32.dll的函數(shù)，對(duì)窗口屬性進(jìn)行設(shè)置
private const int WS_EX_TRANSPARENT = 0x20;
private const int GWL_EXSTYLE = -20;
[DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "SetWindowLong")]
private static extern uint SetWindowLong(IntPtr hwnd, int nIndex, uint dwNewLong);
[DllImport("user32", EntryPoint = "GetWindowLong")]
private static extern uint GetWindowLong(IntPtr hwnd, int nIndex);
在Window初始化時(shí)，通過調(diào)用Windows APISetWindowLong設(shè)置窗口屬性可以被穿透
<Window x:Class="MouseTransparentWindow.MainWindow"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:local="clr-namespace:MouseTransparentWindow"
mc:Ignorable="d"
WindowStyle="None" ResizeMode="CanMinimize" AllowsTransparency="True"
Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800" SourceInitialized="Window_SourceInitialized">
在Xaml代碼中還修改Window的xaml標(biāo)簽的屬性，增加允許穿透和資源初始化事件處理函數(shù)
WS_EX_TRANSPARENT屬性的描述
|
WS_EX_TRANSPARENT 0x00000020L |
The window should not be painted until siblings beneath the window (that were created by the same thread) have been painted. The window appears transparent because the bits of underlying sibling windows have already been painted. To achieve transparency without these restrictions, use the SetWindowRgn function. |
|---|
演示效果
在設(shè)置Window屬性前，鼠標(biāo)無法穿透窗口對(duì)VS代碼編輯區(qū)域滾動(dòng)
設(shè)置窗體屬性和xaml標(biāo)簽中允許透明穿透后，鼠標(biāo)事件在下層應(yīng)用中響應(yīng)
SetWindowLong接受的GWL_EXSTYLE屬性
| Constant/value | Description |
|---|---|
|
WS_EX_ACCEPTFILES 0x00000010L |
The window accepts drag-drop files. |
|
WS_EX_APPWINDOW 0x00040000L |
Forces a top-level window onto the taskbar when the window is visible. |
|
WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE 0x00000200L |
The window has a border with a sunken edge. |
|
WS_EX_COMPOSITED 0x02000000L |
Paints all descendants of a window in bottom-to-top painting order using double-buffering. Bottom-to-top painting order allows a descendent window to have translucency (alpha) and transparency (color-key) effects, but only if the descendent window also has the WS_EX_TRANSPARENT bit set. Double-buffering allows the window and its descendents to be painted without flicker. This cannot be used if the window has a class style of either CS_OWNDC or CS_CLASSDC. Windows 2000: This style is not supported. |
|
WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP 0x00000400L |
The title bar of the window includes a question mark. When the user clicks the question mark, the cursor changes to a question mark with a pointer. If the user then clicks a child window, the child receives a WM_HELP message. The child window should pass the message to the parent window procedure, which should call the WinHelp function using the HELP_WM_HELP command. The Help application displays a pop-up window that typically contains help for the child window. WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP cannot be used with the WS_MAXIMIZEBOX or WS_MINIMIZEBOX styles. |
|
WS_EX_CONTROLPARENT 0x00010000L |
The window itself contains child windows that should take part in dialog box navigation. If this style is specified, the dialog manager recurses into children of this window when performing navigation operations such as handling the TAB key, an arrow key, or a keyboard mnemonic. |
|
WS_EX_DLGMODALFRAME 0x00000001L |
The window has a double border; the window can, optionally, be created with a title bar by specifying the WS_CAPTION style in the dwStyle parameter. |
|
WS_EX_LAYERED 0x00080000 |
The window is a layered window. This style cannot be used if the window has a class style of either CS_OWNDC or CS_CLASSDC. Windows 8: The WS_EX_LAYERED style is supported for top-level windows and child windows. Previous Windows versions support WS_EX_LAYERED only for top-level windows. |
|
WS_EX_LAYOUTRTL 0x00400000L |
If the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading order alignment, the horizontal origin of the window is on the right edge. Increasing horizontal values advance to the left. |
|
WS_EX_LEFT 0x00000000L |
The window has generic left-aligned properties. This is the default. |
|
WS_EX_LEFTSCROLLBAR 0x00004000L |
If the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading order alignment, the vertical scroll bar (if present) is to the left of the client area. For other languages, the style is ignored. |
|
WS_EX_LTRREADING 0x00000000L |
The window text is displayed using left-to-right reading-order properties. This is the default. |
|
WS_EX_MDICHILD 0x00000040L |
The window is a MDI child window. |
|
WS_EX_NOACTIVATE 0x08000000L |
A top-level window created with this style does not become the foreground window when the user clicks it. The system does not bring this window to the foreground when the user minimizes or closes the foreground window. The window should not be activated through programmatic access or via keyboard navigation by accessible technology, such as Narrator. To activate the window, use the SetActiveWindow or SetForegroundWindow function. The window does not appear on the taskbar by default. To force the window to appear on the taskbar, use the WS_EX_APPWINDOW style. |
|
WS_EX_NOINHERITLAYOUT 0x00100000L |
The window does not pass its window layout to its child windows. |
|
WS_EX_NOPARENTNOTIFY 0x00000004L |
The child window created with this style does not send the WM_PARENTNOTIFY message to its parent window when it is created or destroyed. |
|
WS_EX_NOREDIRECTIONBITMAP 0x00200000L |
The window does not render to a redirection surface. This is for windows that do not have visible content or that use mechanisms other than surfaces to provide their visual. |
|
WS_EX_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW (WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE |
WS_EX_CLIENTEDGE) |
|
WS_EX_PALETTEWINDOW (WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE |
WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW |
|
WS_EX_RIGHT 0x00001000L |
The window has generic “right-aligned” properties. This depends on the window class. This style has an effect only if the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading-order alignment; otherwise, the style is ignored. Using the WS_EX_RIGHT style for static or edit controls has the same effect as using the SS_RIGHT or ES_RIGHT style, respectively. Using this style with button controls has the same effect as using BS_RIGHT and BS_RIGHTBUTTON styles. |
|
WS_EX_RIGHTSCROLLBAR 0x00000000L |
The vertical scroll bar (if present) is to the right of the client area. This is the default. |
|
WS_EX_RTLREADING 0x00002000L |
If the shell language is Hebrew, Arabic, or another language that supports reading-order alignment, the window text is displayed using right-to-left reading-order properties. For other languages, the style is ignored. |
|
WS_EX_STATICEDGE 0x00020000L |
The window has a three-dimensional border style intended to be used for items that do not accept user input. |
|
WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW 0x00000080L |
The window is intended to be used as a floating toolbar. A tool window has a title bar that is shorter than a normal title bar, and the window title is drawn using a smaller font. A tool window does not appear in the taskbar or in the dialog that appears when the user presses ALT+TAB. If a tool window has a system menu, its icon is not displayed on the title bar. However, you can display the system menu by right-clicking or by typing ALT+SPACE. |
|
WS_EX_TOPMOST 0x00000008L |
The window should be placed above all non-topmost windows and should stay above them, even when the window is deactivated. To add or remove this style, use the SetWindowPos function. |
|
WS_EX_TRANSPARENT 0x00000020L |
The window should not be painted until siblings beneath the window (that were created by the same thread) have been painted. The window appears transparent because the bits of underlying sibling windows have already been painted. To achieve transparency without these restrictions, use the SetWindowRgn function. |
|
WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE 0x00000100L |
The window has a border with a raised edge. |
參考
呂毅——WPF 制作高性能的透明背景異形窗口（使用 WindowChrome 而不要使用 AllowsTransparency=True）
[WPF 自定義控件]使用WindowChrome的問題
WPF桌面程序開發(fā)怎么實(shí)現(xiàn)鼠標(biāo)窗體穿透效果-利用win32 接口 實(shí)現(xiàn)窗體透明可穿透例子
WPF 實(shí)現(xiàn)窗體鼠標(biāo)事件穿透
SetWindowLongA function (winuser.h)
GetWindowLongA function (winuser.h)
Extended Window Styles文章來源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-487334.html
WindowChrome Class文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-487334.html
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