目錄

一、該圖書管理系統(tǒng)涉及Java的知識點

二、該圖書管理系統(tǒng)包含的功能

一、該圖書管理系統(tǒng)涉及Java的知識點，如下：

1. 數(shù)組的增刪查
2. 抽象類
3. 接口
4. 面向?qū)ο蟮姆庋b、繼承和多態(tài)

二、該圖書管理系統(tǒng)包含的功能，如下：

1. 圖書管理系統(tǒng)的使用人群分為兩種：①管理人員，②普通用戶

• 具體實現(xiàn)：抽象類的繼承

User類(父類)：

public abstract class User {
    protected String name;
    protected IOperation[] iOperations;

    public User(String name){
        this.name=name;
    }
    public abstract int  menu();
    public void doWork(int choice, BooklList booklList){
        iOperations[choice].work(booklList);
    }
}

AdminUser類(管理員)

public class AdminUser extends User {
    public AdminUser(String name){
        super(name);
        this.iOperations=new IOperation[] {
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new AddOperation(),
                new DelOperation(),
                new DisplayOperation()

        };
    }
    public int  menu(){
        System.out.println("========管理員菜單========");
        System.out.println("hello  "+this.name  +"歡迎使用圖書管理系統(tǒng)");
        System.out.println("1.查找圖書");
        System.out.println("2.新增圖書");
        System.out.println("3.刪除圖書");
        System.out.println("4.顯示圖書");
        System.out.println("0.退出系統(tǒng)");
        System.out.println("==============================");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

?NormalUser類（普通用戶類）

public class NormalUser extends User {
    public NormalUser(String name){
        super(name);
        this.iOperations=new IOperation[]{
                new ExitOperation(),
                new FindOperation(),
                new BorrowOperation(),
                new ReturnOperation()
        };
    }
    public int menu(){
        System.out.println("========普通用戶菜單========");
        System.out.println("hello  "+this.name  +"歡迎使用圖書管理系統(tǒng)");
        System.out.println("1.查找圖書");
        System.out.println("2.借閱圖書");
        System.out.println("3.歸還圖書");
        System.out.println("0.推出系統(tǒng)");
        System.out.println("==============================");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        return choice;
    }
}

注：需要把上述的三各類放在同一個包里

?2. 設(shè)計一個Book類存放書的屬性，設(shè)計一個BookList類存放書的位置

具體實現(xiàn)：在Book類中給所有的私有屬性提供了公共的接口，在BookList類中創(chuàng)建了一個名為books的數(shù)組并存放三本圖書另外設(shè)計了一個BookList的成員名為UsedSize來表示在books數(shù)組中存放書的數(shù)量。

Book類

public class Book {
    private String name;//書名
    private  String author;//書的作者
    private  int price;//書的價格
    private  String type;//書的類型
    private  boolean isBorrowed;//是否借出

    public Book(String name, String author, int price, String type) {
        this.name = name;
        this.author = author;
        this.price = price;
        this.type = type;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(int price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public void setType(String type) {
        this.type = type;
    }

    public boolean isBorrowed() {
        return isBorrowed;
    }

    public void setBorrowed(boolean borrowed) {
        isBorrowed = borrowed;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                ", type='" + type + '\'' +
                ((isBorrowed==true)?" 已經(jīng)被借出 ":" 未被借出 ")+
                '}';
    }
}

BookList類

public class BooklList {
    private Book[] books=new Book[1024];
    private int usedSize;
    public BooklList(){
        books[0]=new Book("數(shù)據(jù)庫應(yīng)用原理","張三",45,"計算機");
        books[1]=new Book("紅樓夢","曹雪芹",56,"小說");
        books[2]=new Book("唐詩三百首","孫洙",35,"古詩詞");
        this.usedSize=3;
    }

    public int getUsedSize() {
        return usedSize;
    }

    public void setUsedSize(int usedSize) {
        this.usedSize = usedSize;
    }

    /**
     * 獲得pos位置的一本書
     * @param pos
     * @return
     */
    public Book getPos(int pos){
        if(pos>=0&&pos<books.length){
            return this.books[pos];
        }else
            System.out.println("pos位置不合法");
        return this.books[pos];
    }

    /**
     * 添加pos下標(biāo)的一本書
     * @param pos
     * @param book
     */
    public void setBook(int pos,Book book){
        this.books[pos]=book;
    }
}

注：?需要把上述兩個類放在當(dāng)一個包里

3.? 分別設(shè)計了七個類，每一個類實現(xiàn)一種功能；設(shè)計了一個接口把七個類串接起來

具體實現(xiàn)：AddOperation（增加操作）、BorrowOperation（借閱操作）、DelOperation（刪除操作）、DisplayOperation（顯示操作）、ExitOperation（退出系統(tǒng)）、FindOperation（查找操作）、ReturnOperation（歸還操作）和接口IOperation

AddOperation（增加操作）

public class AddOperation implements IOperation{
   public void work(BooklList booklList){
       System.out.println("新增圖書！");
       System.out.println("請輸入圖書的名字：");
       String name=scanner.nextLine();
       System.out.println("請輸入圖書的作者");
       String author=scanner.nextLine();
       System.out.println("請輸入圖書類型");
       String type=scanner.nextLine();
       System.out.println("請輸入圖書價格");
       int price=scanner.nextInt();
       scanner.nextLine();

       Book book=new Book(name,author,price,type);
       int size=booklList.getUsedSize();
       booklList.setBook(size,book);
       booklList.setUsedSize(size+1);
       System.out.println("新增圖書成功！");


   }
}

?BorrowOperation（借閱操作）

public class BorrowOperation implements IOperation {
    public void work(BooklList booklList) {
        System.out.println("借閱圖書！");
        System.out.println("請輸入你想借閱的圖書名字");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int size = booklList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            Book book = booklList.getPos(i);
            if (name.equals(book.getName())) {
                book.setBorrowed(true);
                System.out.println("借閱成功?。?！");
                System.out.println("借閱圖書信息如下：" + book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有找到你要借閱的圖書?。。?);
    }
}

DelOperation（刪除操作）

public class DelOperation implements IOperation {
    public void work(BooklList booklList) {
        System.out.println("刪除圖書！");
        System.out.println("請輸入你要刪除的圖書的名字");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int currentSize = booklList.getUsedSize();
        int index = 0;
        int i = 0;
        for (; i < currentSize; i++) {
            Book book=booklList.getPos(i);
            if (book.getName().equals(name)){
                index=i;
                break;
            }
        }
      if (i>=currentSize){
          System.out.println("沒有找打你要刪除的圖書?。。?);
          return;
      }
        for (int j = index; j <currentSize-1 ; j++) {
            Book book=booklList.getPos(j+1);
            booklList.setBook(j,book);
        }
        booklList.setBook(currentSize-1,null);
        booklList.setUsedSize(currentSize-1);
        System.out.println("刪除成功?。?！");
    }

}

?DisplayOperation（顯示操作）

public class DisplayOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BooklList booklList){
        System.out.println("打印圖書！");
        int size=booklList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i <size ; i++) {
            Book  book=booklList.getPos(i);
            System.out.println(book);

        }
    }
}

?ExitOperation（退出系統(tǒng)）

public class ExitOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BooklList booklList){
        System.out.println("退出系統(tǒng)！");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

?FindOperation（查找操作）

public class FindOperation implements IOperation{
    public void work(BooklList booklList){
        System.out.println("查找圖書！");
        System.out.println("請輸入你要查找的圖書名字");
        String  name=scanner.nextLine();
        int size=booklList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i <size ; i++) {
            Book book=booklList.getPos(i);
            if (name.equals(book.getName())) {
                System.out.println("找到了這本書，信息如下：");
                System.out.println(book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有找到你需要借閱的圖書?。?！");
    }
}

?ReturnOperation（歸還操作）

public class ReturnOperation implements IOperation {
    public void work(BooklList booklList) {
        System.out.println("歸還圖書！");
        System.out.println("請輸入你要圖書的名字");
        String name = scanner.nextLine();
        int size = booklList.getUsedSize();
        for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
            Book book = booklList.getPos(i);
            if (name.equals(book.getName())) {
                book.setBorrowed(false);
                System.out.println("歸還成功?。?！");
                System.out.println("歸還圖書信息如下："+book);
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("沒有你要歸還的圖書?。。?);
    }
}

接口IOperation

public interface IOperation {
    void work(BooklList booklList);
    Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
}

注：上述的七個類和一個接口需要放在同一個包里

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ??

3. 主類Main,包含一個靜態(tài)方法Login

Main類

public class Main {
    public static User login(){
        System.out.println("請輸入你的姓名");
        Scanner scanner=new Scanner(System.in);
        String name=scanner.nextLine();
        System.out.println("請輸入你的身份：1——》管理員，2——》普通用戶");
        int choice=scanner.nextInt();
        if(choice==1){
           return new AdminUser(name);
        }else {
            return new NormalUser(name);
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        BooklList booklList=new BooklList();
        User user=login();//向上轉(zhuǎn)型
        while (true) {
            int choice = user.menu();//動態(tài)綁定,根據(jù)choice選擇合適的操作
            user.doWork(choice, booklList);
        }


    }
}

4.結(jié)果圖演示?

管理員功能演示

?普通用戶功能演示

?文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-472412.html

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