流式布局（百分比布局）基礎
- 流式布局，就是百分比布局，也稱非固定像素布局
- 通過盒子的寬度設置成百分比來根據(jù)屏幕的寬度來進行伸縮，不受固定像素的限制，內(nèi)容向兩側(cè)填充
- 流式布局方式是移動web開發(fā)使用的比較常見的布局方式
- max-width 最大寬度（max-height 最大高度）
- min-width 最小寬度（min-height 最小高度）
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
*{
padding: 0;
margin: 0;
}
section{
width: 100%;
max-width: 980px;
min-width: 320px;
margin: 0 auto;
}
section div{
height: 400px;
float: left;
width: 50%;
}
section div:nth-child(1){
background-color: pink;
}
section div:nth-child(2){
background-color: skyblue;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<section>
<div></div>
<div></div>
</section>
</body>
</html>
案例：京東移動端首頁
- 技術選型
- 方案：我們采取單獨制作移動頁面方案
- 技術：布局采取流式布局
搭建相關文件夾結(jié)構(gòu)
設置視口標簽以及引入初始化樣式
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0">
normalize.css
/*! normalize.css v8.0.1 | MIT License | github.com/necolas/normalize.css */
/* Document
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Correct the line height in all browsers.
* 2. Prevent adjustments of font size after orientation changes in iOS.
*/
html {
line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */
-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; /* 2 */
}
/* Sections
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the margin in all browsers.
*/
body {
margin: 0;
}
/**
* Render the `main` element consistently in IE.
*/
main {
display: block;
}
/**
* Correct the font size and margin on `h1` elements within `section` and
* `article` contexts in Chrome, Firefox, and Safari.
*/
h1 {
font-size: 2em;
margin: 0.67em 0;
}
/* Grouping content
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Add the correct box sizing in Firefox.
* 2. Show the overflow in Edge and IE.
*/
hr {
box-sizing: content-box; /* 1 */
height: 0; /* 1 */
overflow: visible; /* 2 */
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers.
* 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
pre {
font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */
font-size: 1em; /* 2 */
}
/* Text-level semantics
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the gray background on active links in IE 10.
*/
a {
background-color: transparent;
}
/**
* 1. Remove the bottom border in Chrome 57-
* 2. Add the correct text decoration in Chrome, Edge, IE, Opera, and Safari.
*/
abbr[title] {
border-bottom: none; /* 1 */
text-decoration: underline; /* 2 */
text-decoration: underline dotted; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Add the correct font weight in Chrome, Edge, and Safari.
*/
b,
strong {
font-weight: bolder;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inheritance and scaling of font size in all browsers.
* 2. Correct the odd `em` font sizing in all browsers.
*/
code,
kbd,
samp {
font-family: monospace, monospace; /* 1 */
font-size: 1em; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Add the correct font size in all browsers.
*/
small {
font-size: 80%;
}
/**
* Prevent `sub` and `sup` elements from affecting the line height in
* all browsers.
*/
sub,
sup {
font-size: 75%;
line-height: 0;
position: relative;
vertical-align: baseline;
}
sub {
bottom: -0.25em;
}
sup {
top: -0.5em;
}
/* Embedded content
========================================================================== */
/**
* Remove the border on images inside links in IE 10.
*/
img {
border-style: none;
}
/* Forms
========================================================================== */
/**
* 1. Change the font styles in all browsers.
* 2. Remove the margin in Firefox and Safari.
*/
button,
input,
optgroup,
select,
textarea {
font-family: inherit; /* 1 */
font-size: 100%; /* 1 */
line-height: 1.15; /* 1 */
margin: 0; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Show the overflow in IE.
* 1. Show the overflow in Edge.
*/
button,
input { /* 1 */
overflow: visible;
}
/**
* Remove the inheritance of text transform in Edge, Firefox, and IE.
* 1. Remove the inheritance of text transform in Firefox.
*/
button,
select { /* 1 */
text-transform: none;
}
/**
* Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
*/
button,
[type="button"],
[type="reset"],
[type="submit"] {
-webkit-appearance: button;
}
/**
* Remove the inner border and padding in Firefox.
*/
button::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="button"]::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="reset"]::-moz-focus-inner,
[type="submit"]::-moz-focus-inner {
border-style: none;
padding: 0;
}
/**
* Restore the focus styles unset by the previous rule.
*/
button:-moz-focusring,
[type="button"]:-moz-focusring,
[type="reset"]:-moz-focusring,
[type="submit"]:-moz-focusring {
outline: 1px dotted ButtonText;
}
/**
* Correct the padding in Firefox.
*/
fieldset {
padding: 0.35em 0.75em 0.625em;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the text wrapping in Edge and IE.
* 2. Correct the color inheritance from `fieldset` elements in IE.
* 3. Remove the padding so developers are not caught out when they zero out
* `fieldset` elements in all browsers.
*/
legend {
box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
color: inherit; /* 2 */
display: table; /* 1 */
max-width: 100%; /* 1 */
padding: 0; /* 3 */
white-space: normal; /* 1 */
}
/**
* Add the correct vertical alignment in Chrome, Firefox, and Opera.
*/
progress {
vertical-align: baseline;
}
/**
* Remove the default vertical scrollbar in IE 10+.
*/
textarea {
overflow: auto;
}
/**
* 1. Add the correct box sizing in IE 10.
* 2. Remove the padding in IE 10.
*/
[type="checkbox"],
[type="radio"] {
box-sizing: border-box; /* 1 */
padding: 0; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Correct the cursor style of increment and decrement buttons in Chrome.
*/
[type="number"]::-webkit-inner-spin-button,
[type="number"]::-webkit-outer-spin-button {
height: auto;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the odd appearance in Chrome and Safari.
* 2. Correct the outline style in Safari.
*/
[type="search"] {
-webkit-appearance: textfield; /* 1 */
outline-offset: -2px; /* 2 */
}
/**
* Remove the inner padding in Chrome and Safari on macOS.
*/
[type="search"]::-webkit-search-decoration {
-webkit-appearance: none;
}
/**
* 1. Correct the inability to style clickable types in iOS and Safari.
* 2. Change font properties to `inherit` in Safari.
*/
::-webkit-file-upload-button {
-webkit-appearance: button; /* 1 */
font: inherit; /* 2 */
}
/* Interactive
========================================================================== */
/*
* Add the correct display in Edge, IE 10+, and Firefox.
*/
details {
display: block;
}
/*
* Add the correct display in all browsers.
*/
summary {
display: list-item;
}
/* Misc
========================================================================== */
/**
* Add the correct display in IE 10+.
*/
template {
display: none;
}
/**
* Add the correct display in IE 10.
*/
[hidden] {
display: none;
}
引入我們的css初始化文件與首頁css
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0">
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入我們的css初始化文件-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
<!--引入我們首頁的css-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css">
body設置
index.css
body{
width: 100%;
max-width: 1080px;
min-width: 320px;
margin: 0 auto;
font-size: 14px;
color: #666;
font-family: -apple-system,Helvetica,sans-serif; /*蘋果手機文字，安卓手機默認字體*/
line-height: 1.5; /*字體大小的1.5倍*/
}
app布局和app內(nèi)容填充
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0">
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入我們的css初始化文件-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
<!--引入我們首頁的css-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css">
</head>
<body>
<header class="app">
<ul>
<li>
<img src="images/close.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>打開京東APP，實惠又輕松</li>
<li>立即打開</li>
</ul>
</header>
</body>
</html>
index.css
body{
width: 100%;
max-width: 1080px;
min-width: 320px;
margin: 0 auto;
font-size: 14px;
color: #666;
font-family: -apple-system,Helvetica,sans-serif; /*蘋果手機文字，安卓手機默認字體*/
line-height: 1.5; /*字體大小的1.5倍*/
}
.app{
height: 45px;
}
ul{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.app ul li{
float: left;
height: 45px;
background-color: #333;
color: #fff;
text-align: center; /*圖片水平居中*/
line-height: 45px; /*圖片垂直居中*/
}
.app ul li:nth-child(1){
width: 8%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(1) img{
width: 10px;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(2){
width: 10%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(2) img{
width: 30px;
/*由于圖片默認和文字的基線對齊，因此要將圖片和文字居中對齊（適用于行內(nèi)塊元素）*/
vertical-align: middle;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(3){
width: 57%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(4){
width: 25%;
background-color: #f53516;
}
close.png:
logo.png:
搜索模塊布局
實現(xiàn)思想
具體實現(xiàn)
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0">
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入我們的css初始化文件-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
<!--引入我們首頁的css-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css">
</head>
<body>
<header class="app">
<ul>
<li>
<img src="images/close.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>打開京東APP，實惠又輕松</li>
<li>立即打開</li>
</ul>
</header>
<!--搜索-->
<div class="search-wrap">
<div class="search-btn"></div>
<div class="search"></div>
<div class="search-login"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
index.css
body{
width: 100%;
max-width: 1080px;
min-width: 320px;
margin: 0 auto;
font-size: 14px;
color: #666;
font-family: -apple-system,Helvetica,sans-serif; /*蘋果手機文字，安卓手機默認字體*/
line-height: 1.5; /*字體大小的1.5倍*/
background-color: #ccc;
}
.app{
height: 45px;
}
ul{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.app ul li{
float: left;
height: 45px;
background-color: #333;
color: #fff;
text-align: center; /*圖片水平居中*/
line-height: 45px; /*圖片垂直居中*/
}
.app ul li:nth-child(1){
width: 8%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(1) img{
width: 10px;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(2){
width: 10%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(2) img{
width: 30px;
/*由于圖片默認和文字的基線對齊，因此要將圖片和文字居中對齊（適用于行內(nèi)塊元素）*/
vertical-align: middle;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(3){
width: 57%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(4){
width: 25%;
background-color: #f53516;
}
.search-wrap{
height: 44px;
position: relative;
/*外邊距合并，解決方法是給父級添加overflow:hidden*/
overflow: hidden;
}
.search-btn{
position: absolute;
width: 40px;
height: 44px;
top: 0;
left: 0;
background-color: pink;
}
.search-login{
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
background-color: pink;
width: 40px;
height: 44px;
}
.search{
height: 30px;
margin: 0 50px;
border-radius: 15px;
background-color: #fff;
margin-top: 7px;
/*外邊距合并，解決方法是給父級添加overflow:hidden*/
}
搜索模塊內(nèi)容制作
s-btn:
jd：
文章來源：http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-464377.html
index.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport"
content="width=device-width,user-scalable=no,initial-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0">
<title>Title</title>
<!--引入我們的css初始化文件-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/normalize.css">
<!--引入我們首頁的css-->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/index.css">
</head>
<body>
<header class="app">
<ul>
<li>
<img src="images/close.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>
<img src="images/logo.png" alt="">
</li>
<li>打開京東APP，實惠又輕松</li>
<li>立即打開</li>
</ul>
</header>
<!--搜索-->
<div class="search-wrap">
<div class="search-btn"></div>
<div class="search">
<div class="jd-icon"></div>
</div>
<div class="search-login">登錄</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
index.css
body{
width: 100%;
max-width: 1080px;
min-width: 320px;
margin: 0 auto;
font-size: 14px;
color: #666;
font-family: -apple-system,Helvetica,sans-serif; /*蘋果手機文字，安卓手機默認字體*/
line-height: 1.5; /*字體大小的1.5倍*/
background-color: #ccc;
}
.app{
height: 45px;
}
ul{
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
.app ul li{
float: left;
height: 45px;
background-color: #333;
color: #fff;
text-align: center; /*圖片水平居中*/
line-height: 45px; /*圖片垂直居中*/
}
.app ul li:nth-child(1){
width: 8%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(1) img{
width: 10px;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(2){
width: 10%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(2) img{
width: 30px;
/*由于圖片默認和文字的基線對齊，因此要將圖片和文字居中對齊（適用于行內(nèi)塊元素）*/
vertical-align: middle;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(3){
width: 57%;
}
.app ul li:nth-child(4){
width: 25%;
background-color: #f53516;
}
.search-wrap{
height: 44px;
position: relative;
/*外邊距合并，解決方法是給父級添加overflow:hidden*/
overflow: hidden;
}
.search-btn{
position: absolute;
width: 40px;
height: 44px;
top: 0;
left: 0;
}
.search-btn::before{
content: "";
display: block;
width: 20px;
height: 18px;
background: url("../images/s-btn.png") no-repeat;
background-size: 20px 18px;
margin: 14px 0 0 15px;
}
.search-login{
position: absolute;
top: 0;
right: 0;
width: 40px;
height: 44px;
line-height: 44px;
color: #fff;
}
.search{
height: 30px;
margin: 0 50px;
border-radius: 15px;
background-color: #fff;
/*外邊距合并，解決方法是給父級添加overflow:hidden*/
margin-top: 7px;
position: relative;
}
.jd-icon{
width: 20px;
height: 15px;
position: absolute;
top: 8px;
left: 13px;
background: url("../images/jd.png") no-repeat;
background-size: 20px 15px;
}
/*JD圖標后的小豎杠*/
.jd-icon::after{
content: "";
position: absolute;
right: -8px;
top: 0;
display: block;
width: 1px;
height: 15px;
background-color: #ccc;
}
文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-464377.html
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