HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

這篇具有很好參考價(jià)值的文章主要介紹了HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）。希望對大家有所幫助。如果存在錯(cuò)誤或未考慮完全的地方，請大家不吝賜教，您也可以點(diǎn)擊"舉報(bào)違法"按鈕提交疑問。

一、Hbase中使用Shell命令：

①?HBase中創(chuàng)建表：（create 命令：第一個(gè)變量是表名，然后是列族名）

語法：create '表名稱','列族名稱1','列族名稱2','列族名稱N'

create 'student','Sname','Ssex','Sage','Sdept','course'

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

通過命令 describe 'student'? 進(jìn)行查看表的結(jié)構(gòu)：（desc ‘表名’，查看表的結(jié)構(gòu)）

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

接下來是hbase 常規(guī)操作（增刪改查）?

? 增加數(shù)據(jù)

②?put：（put 命令：第一個(gè)變量是表名，第二個(gè)變量是行鍵，第三個(gè)變量開始就是添加列族情況啦（列限定符可選）

?注意 put 命令：一次只能為一個(gè)表的一行數(shù)據(jù)的一個(gè)列，也就是一次只能給一個(gè)單元格添加一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)，

所以直接用shell命令插入數(shù)據(jù)效率很低，在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般都是利用編程操作數(shù)據(jù)。

語法：put '表名稱','行名稱','列名稱:','值'

例子：student表添加了學(xué)號為95001，名字為LiYing的一行數(shù)據(jù)，其行鍵為95001。

put 'student', '95001','Sname','LiYing'

例子：為95001行下的course列族的math列添加了一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)：

  put 'student','95001','course:math','80'

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

在表格中的樣子（大概如此，變量名不一定對得上哦，我只是為了展示表格的形式）：

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

?? 刪除數(shù)據(jù)

③ delete命令：

□ put 的反向操作：

□?刪除一行中的所有數(shù)據(jù)：

□?刪除表：

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

□ put 的反向操作：

  delete 'student','95001','Sname:firstName'

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

?□?刪除一行中的所有數(shù)據(jù)：

  deleteall 'student','95001'

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

?□?刪除表：

disable 'student'      #讓表不可用
drop 'student'         #刪除表

? 查看數(shù)據(jù)：

□?get：查看的是一行中的數(shù)據(jù)

□?scan：查看的是表中的全部數(shù)據(jù)

 get 'student','95001'

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

scan 'student'

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

?還可以查詢部分細(xì)節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)等等細(xì)節(jié)的數(shù)據(jù)，例如：查詢某個(gè)列族的數(shù)據(jù)：

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

????查詢表歷史數(shù)據(jù)：

④?查詢表的歷史版本，需要兩步。
1、在創(chuàng)建表的時(shí)候，指定保存的版本數(shù)（假設(shè)指定為5）

  create 'teacher',{NAME=>'username',VERSIONS=>5}

2、插入數(shù)據(jù)然后更新數(shù)據(jù)，使其產(chǎn)生歷史版本數(shù)據(jù)，注意：這里插入數(shù)據(jù)和更新數(shù)據(jù)都是用put命令

put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary'
put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary1'
put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary2'
put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary3'
put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary4'  
put 'teacher','91001','username','Mary5'

3、查詢時(shí)，指定查詢的歷史版本數(shù)。默認(rèn)會查詢出最新的數(shù)據(jù)

  get 'teacher','91001',{COLUMN=>'username',VERSIONS=>3}

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

???退出HBase數(shù)據(jù)庫操作

⑤ 命令： exit

注意：這里退出HBase數(shù)據(jù)庫是退出對數(shù)據(jù)庫表的操作，而不是停止啟動(dòng)HBase數(shù)據(jù)庫后臺運(yùn)行。

?二、Hbase編程實(shí)踐：

? 準(zhǔn)備工作：導(dǎo)入jar包：

導(dǎo)包步驟：File -》 Project Structure -》Libraries -》+ -》選擇需要導(dǎo)入的包，然后記得導(dǎo)入完成后，點(diǎn)擊一下 Apply，再點(diǎn) Ok

（1）進(jìn)入到“/usr/local/hbase/lib”目錄，選中該目錄下的所有jar文件（注意，不要選中client-facing-thirdparty、ruby、shaded-clients和zkcli這四個(gè)目錄）

（2） ?進(jìn)入到“/usr/local/hbase/lib/client-facing-thirdparty”目錄, 選中該目錄下的所有jar文件。

例子：創(chuàng)建表，插入數(shù)據(jù)，查看表中數(shù)據(jù)

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
 
import java.io.IOException;
public class ExampleForHBase {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    public static void main(String[] args)throws IOException{
        init();　　　　//主要操作就是為了連接到數(shù)據(jù)庫hbase
        createTable("student",new String[]{"score"});　　　　//創(chuàng)建表，shell命令：create '表名'，'列族名1'，'列族名2'，'列族名3' ...
        insertData("student","zhangsan","score","English","69"); //shell命令： put 'student'，'張三'，'score：English'，'69'
        insertData("student","zhangsan","score","Math","86");
        insertData("student","zhangsan","score","Computer","77");
        getData("student", "zhangsan", "score","English");
        close();
    }
 
    public static void init(){
        configuration  = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir","hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try{
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    public static void close(){
        try{
            if(admin != null){
                admin.close();
            }
            if(null != connection){
                connection.close();
            }
        }catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    public static void createTable(String myTableName,String[] colFamily) throws IOException {
        TableName tableName = TableName.valueOf(myTableName);
        if(admin.tableExists(tableName)){
            System.out.println("talbe is exists!");
        }else {
            TableDescriptorBuilder tableDescriptor = TableDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(tableName);
            for(String str:colFamily){
                ColumnFamilyDescriptor family = 
ColumnFamilyDescriptorBuilder.newBuilder(Bytes.toBytes(str)).build();
                tableDescriptor.setColumnFamily(family);
            }
            admin.createTable(tableDescriptor.build());
        } 
    }
 
    public static void insertData(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily,String col,String val) throws IOException { 
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
        put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
        table.put(put);
        table.close(); 
    }
 
    public static void getData(String tableName,String rowKey,String colFamily, String col)throws  IOException{ 
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
        get.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(),col.getBytes());
        Result result = table.get(get);
        System.out.println(new String(result.getValue(colFamily.getBytes(),col==null?null:col.getBytes())));
        table.close(); 
    }
}

運(yùn)行程序后，到終端輸入：scan ‘student’ 查看一下

HBase的編程實(shí)踐（實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作）

三、實(shí)驗(yàn)：熟悉常用的HBase 操作：

（一）編程實(shí)現(xiàn)以下指定功能，并用 Hadoop 提供的 HBase Shell 命令完成相同任務(wù)：

列出 HBase?所有的表的相關(guān)信息，例如表名；
在終端打印出指定的表的所有記錄數(shù)據(jù)；
向已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好的表添加和刪除指定的列族或列；
清空指定的表的所有記錄數(shù)據(jù)；
統(tǒng)計(jì)表的行數(shù)。

1.列出?HBase?所有的表的相關(guān)信息，例如表名：

■ HBase Shell：List

■?Java Api:

/**
* 同樣是正常的建立 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接，執(zhí)行操作，然后最后關(guān)閉連接
*  重點(diǎn)是：HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptors[] = admin.listTables(); 獲取到 表格列表，然后遍歷
*/
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;
public class Test_1 {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    /**
     * 建立連接
     */
    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 關(guān)閉連接
     */
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
    /**
     * 
     * 查看已有表,通過方法listTables()
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     * 
     */
    public static void listTables() throws IOException {
        init();
        HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptors[] = admin.listTables();
        for (HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor : hTableDescriptors) {
            System.out.println(hTableDescriptor.getNameAsString());
        }
        close();
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test_1 t = new Test_1();
        try {
            System.out.println("以下為Hbase 數(shù)據(jù)庫中所存的表信息");
            t.listTables();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

2.在終端打印出指定的表的所有記錄數(shù)據(jù)；

■?HBase Shell：scan 'student'

■?Java Api:

/**
* 同樣是正常的建立 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接，執(zhí)行操作，然后最后關(guān)閉連接
* 重點(diǎn)是： 
* Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));獲取到表格對象
* Scan scan = new Scan(); ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan); 然后通過Scanner對象，獲取到ResultScanner掃描結(jié)果對象，遍歷輸出
*/
import java.io.IOException;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Test_2 {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    // 建立連接
    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    // 關(guān)閉連接
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();

        }
    }
    /**
     * 
     * 根據(jù)表名查找表信息
     * 
     */
    public static void getData(String tableName) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result : scanner)
        {
            showCell((result));
        }
        close();
    }

    /**
     * 
     * 格式化輸出
     * 
     * @param result
     * 
     */
    public static void showCell(Result result) {
        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
        for (Cell cell : cells) {
            System.out.println("RowName(行鍵):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("Timetamp(時(shí)間戳):" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
            System.out.println("column Family（列簇）:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("column Name（列名）:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("value:（值）" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Test_2 t = new Test_2();
        System.out.println("請輸入要查看的表名");
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        String tableName = scan.nextLine();
        System.out.println("信息如下：");
        t.getData(tableName);
    }
}

3,向已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好的表添加和刪除指定的列族或列:

■?HBase Shell：

put 'student','95003','Sname','wangjinxuan' 　　　　(添加列)

put 'student','95003','Sname:nickName','wang'　　　　(添加列族)

put 'student','95003','Sname:firstName','jinxuan'    （添加列族）

put的反向操作的delete：

delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname’

delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname:nickName’

deleteall 'student' ,’95003’   　(刪除整個(gè)行記錄)

■?Java Api:

/**
 * hbase只關(guān)注rowkey，column Family（列族），并沒有說在創(chuàng)建表的時(shí)候指定cq（列限定修飾符）有多少，這也是hbase列式存儲的特點(diǎn)，
 *     所以在hbase API中是沒有提供delete 一個(gè)列下的所有數(shù)據(jù)的
 * 
 *     同樣是正常的建立 數(shù)據(jù)庫連接，執(zhí)行操作，然后最后關(guān)閉連接
 * 1，Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); 先獲取到表
 * 2，插入：（① 創(chuàng)建Put對象，② 然后通過方法 addColumn將列、列限定符、值 放到put對象，③ 最后將put對象put到表格）
 *     Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
 *  put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
 *  table.put(put);        
 * 3，刪除：
 * Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName)); 同樣首先獲取到表
 * Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());    //通過傳入行鍵，new一個(gè)刪除對象    
 * //刪除對象添加要被刪除的列或列族                        
 * ① 刪除指定列族的所有數(shù)據(jù)（此情況是列族下無列限定符時(shí)的情況）：delete.addFamily(colFamily.getBytes());        
 * ② 刪除指定列的數(shù)據(jù)（此列主要說的是列限定修飾符）：delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
 * table.delete(delete); //最后就是表格delete掉 delete對象
 */

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;

public class Test_3 {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    // 建立連接
    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 關(guān)閉連接
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    /**
     * 向某一行的某一列插入數(shù)據(jù)
     * 
     * @param tableName 表名
     * @param rowKey    行鍵
     * @param colFamily 列族名
     * @param col       列名（如果其列族下沒有子列，此參數(shù)可為空）
     * @param val       值
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public static void insertRow(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily, String col, String val)throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(rowKey.getBytes());
        put.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes(), val.getBytes());
        table.put(put);
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    /**
     * 根據(jù)表名查找表信息
     */
    public static void getData(String tableName) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result : scanner) {
            showCell((result));
        }
        close();
    }
    /**
     * 
      * 格式化輸出
     * 
     * @param result
     * 
     */
    public static void showCell(Result result) {
        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
        for (Cell cell : cells) {
            System.out.println("RowName(行鍵):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("Timetamp(時(shí)間戳):" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
            System.out.println("column Family（列簇）:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("column Name（列名）:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("value:（值）" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 
     * 刪除數(shù)據(jù)
     * 
     * @param tableName 表名
     * 
     * @param rowKey    行鍵
     * 
     * @param colFamily 列族名
     * 
     * @param col       列名
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     * 
     */
    public static void deleteRow(String tableName, String rowKey, String colFamily, String col) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Delete delete = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
        if(col == null) {
            //刪除指定列族的所有數(shù)據(jù)（此情況是列族下無列限定符時(shí)的情況）
            delete.addFamily(colFamily.getBytes());
            table.delete(delete);
            table.close();
        }else {
            //刪除指定列的數(shù)據(jù)（此列主要說的是列限定修飾符）
            delete.addColumn(colFamily.getBytes(), col.getBytes());
            table.delete(delete);
            table.close();
        }
        close();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test_3 t = new Test_3();
        boolean flag = true;
        while (flag){
            System.out.println("------------向已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好的表中添加和刪除指定的列簇或列--------------------");
            System.out.println("              請輸入您要進(jìn)行的操作   1- 添加          2-刪除                       ");
            Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
            String choose1 = scan.nextLine();
            switch (choose1) {
            case "1":
                try {
                    //put 'student','95003','Sname','wangjinxuan' 　　　　(添加列)
                    //put 'student','95003','Sname:nickName','wang'　　　　(添加列族)
                    //put 'student','95003','Sname:firstName','jinxuan'  （添加列族）
//                    t.insertRow(tableName, rowKey, colFamily, col, val);
                    t.insertRow("student", "95003", "Sname",null, "wangjingxuan");
                    t.insertRow("student", "95003", "Sname", "nickName", "wang");
                    t.insertRow("student", "95003", "Sname", "firstName", "jingxuan");
                    System.out.println("插入成功：");
                    t.getData(tableName);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.getMessage();
                }
                break;
            case "2":
                try {
                    System.out.println("----------------------刪除前，表的原本信息如下---------------------");
                    t.getData(tableName);
                    //delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname’
                    //delete 'student' ,’95003’,’Sname:nickName’
//                    t.deleteRow(tableName, rowKey, colFamily, col);    
                    t.deleteRow("student", "95003", "Sname", "firstName");    
                    System.out.println("-----------------------刪除成功-----------------------------\n");
                    System.out.println("---------------------刪除后，表的信息如下---------------------");
                    t.getData(tableName);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.getMessage();
                }
                break;
            }
            System.out.println(" 你要繼續(xù)操作嗎？ 是-true 否-false ");
            flag = scan.nextBoolean();
        }
        System.out.println("   程序已退出！    ");
    }
}

4，清空指定的表的所有記錄數(shù)據(jù)：

■?HBase Shell：truncate 'student'

■?Java Api:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
public class Test_4 {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    // 建立連接
    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    // 關(guān)閉連接
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    /**
     * 
     * 清空制定的表的所有記錄數(shù)據(jù)
     * 
     * @param args
     * 
     * @throws IOException
     * 
     */
    public static void clearRows(String tableName) throws IOException {
        init();
        HBaseAdmin admin1 = new HBaseAdmin(configuration);
        // 讀取了之前表的表名 列簇等信息，然后再進(jìn)行刪除操作。
        HTableDescriptor tDescriptor = admin1.getTableDescriptor(Bytes.toBytes(tableName));
        // 總思想是先將原表結(jié)構(gòu)保留下來，然后進(jìn)行刪除，再重新依據(jù)保存的信息重新創(chuàng)建表。
        TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
        // 刪除表
        admin.disableTable(tablename);
        admin.deleteTable(tablename);
        // 重新建表
        admin.createTable(tDescriptor);
        close();
    }
    /**
     * 
     * 根據(jù)表名查找表信息
     * 
     */
    public static void getData(String tableName) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result : scanner){
            showCell((result));
        }
        close();
    }

    /**
     * 
     * 格式化輸出
     * 
     * @param result
     * 
     */
    public static void showCell(Result result) {
        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
        for (Cell cell : cells) {
            System.out.println("RowName(行鍵):" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("Timetamp(時(shí)間戳):" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
            System.out.println("column Family（列簇）:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("column Name（列名）:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("value:（值）" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Test_4 test_4 = new Test_4();
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入要清空的表名");
        String tableName = scan.nextLine();
        try {
            System.out.println("表原來的信息：");
            test_4.getData(tableName);
            test_4.clearRows(tableName);
            System.out.println("表已清空：");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

5,統(tǒng)計(jì)表的行數(shù):

■?HBase Shell：count 'student'

■?Java Api:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Table;
public class Test_5 {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;
    //建立連接
    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    // 關(guān)閉連接
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void countRows(String tableName) throws IOException{
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        int num = 0;
        for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner.next()){
            num++;
        }
        System.out.println("行數(shù)：" + num);
        scanner.close();
        close();
    }
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        Test_5 test_5 = new Test_5();
        Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
        System.out.println("請輸入要統(tǒng)計(jì)行數(shù)的表名");
        String tableName = scan.nextLine();
        test_5.countRows(tableName);
    }
}

（二）現(xiàn)有以下關(guān)系型數(shù)據(jù)庫中的表和數(shù)據(jù)，要求將其轉(zhuǎn)換為適合于HBase存儲的表并插入數(shù)據(jù)：

學(xué)生表（Student）、課程表（Course）、選課表（SC）：同時(shí)，請編程完成以下指定功能：

create 'Student','S_No','S_Name','S_Sex','S_Age'
put 'Student','s001','S_No','2015001'
put 'Student','s001','S_Name','Zhangsan'
put 'Student','s001','S_Sex','male'
put 'Student','s001','S_Age','23'
put 'Student','s002','S_No','2015002'
put 'Student','s002','S_Name','Mary'
put 'Student','s002','S_Sex','female'
put 'Student','s002','S_Age','22'
put 'Student','s003','S_No','2015003'
put 'Student','s003','S_Name','Lisi'
put 'Student','s003','S_Sex','male'
put 'Student','s003','S_Age','24'
—————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
create 'Course','C_No','C_Name','C_Credit'
put 'Course','c001','C_No','123001'
put 'Course','c001','C_Name','Math'
put 'Course','c001','C_Credit','2.0'
put 'Course','c002','C_No','123002'
put 'Course','c002','C_Name','Computer'
put 'Course','c002','C_Credit','5.0'
put 'Course','c003','C_No','123003'
put 'Course','c003','C_Name','English'
put 'Course','c003','C_Credit','3.0'
————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————
put 'SC','sc001','SC_Sno','2015001'
put 'SC','sc001','SC_Cno','123001'
put 'SC','sc001','SC_Score','86'
put 'SC','sc002','SC_Sno','2015001'
put 'SC','sc002','SC_Cno','123003'
put 'SC','sc002','SC_Score','69'
put 'SC','sc003','SC_Sno','2015002'
put 'SC','sc003','SC_Cno','123002'
put 'SC','sc003','SC_Score','77'
put 'SC','sc004','SC_Sno','2015002'
put 'SC','sc004','SC_Cno','123003'
put 'SC','sc004','SC_Score','99'
put 'SC','sc005','SC_Sno','2015003'
put 'SC','sc005','SC_Cno','123001'
put 'SC','sc005','SC_Score','98'
put 'SC','sc006','SC_Sno','2015003'
put 'SC','sc006','SC_Cno','123002'
put 'SC','sc006','SC_Score','95'

同時(shí)，請編程完成以下指定功能：

① createTable(String tableName, String[] fields)：?創(chuàng)建表，參數(shù)tableName為表的名稱，字符串?dāng)?shù)組fields為存儲記錄各個(gè)域名稱的數(shù)組。

（域名稱即列族名稱啦）要求當(dāng)HBase已經(jīng)存在名為tableName的表的時(shí)候，先刪除原有的表，然后再創(chuàng)建新的表。

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Admin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Connection;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ConnectionFactory;

import java.io.IOException;

public class CreateTable {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void createTable(String tableName, String[] fields) throws IOException {
        init();
        TableName tablename = TableName.valueOf(tableName);
        if (admin.tableExists(tablename)) {
            System.out.println("table is exists!");
            admin.disableTable(tablename);
            admin.deleteTable(tablename);
        }
        HTableDescriptor hTableDescriptor = new HTableDescriptor(tablename);
        for (String str : fields) {
            HColumnDescriptor hColumnDescriptor = new HColumnDescriptor(str);
            hTableDescriptor.addFamily(hColumnDescriptor);
        }
        admin.createTable(hTableDescriptor);
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] fields = {"Score"};
        try {
            createTable("person", fields);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

②?addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values)：向表tableName、行row（用S_Name表示）和字符串?dāng)?shù)組files指定的單元格中添加對應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)values。其中fields中每個(gè)元素如果對應(yīng)的列族下還有相應(yīng)的列限定符的話，用"columnFamily:column"表示。例如，同時(shí)向"Math"、“Computer Science”、"English"三列添加成績時(shí)，字符串?dāng)?shù)組fields為{“Score:Math”, “Score: Computer Science”, “Score:English”}，數(shù)組values存儲這三門課的成績。

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class AddRecord {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void addRecord(String tableName, String row, String[] fields, String[] values) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        for (int i = 0; i != fields.length; i++) {
            Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
            String[] cols = fields[i].split(":");
            put.addColumn(cols[0].getBytes(), cols[1].getBytes(), values[i].getBytes());
            table.put(put);
        }
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        String[] fields = {"Score:Math", "Score:Computer Science", "Score:English"};
        String[] values = {"99", "80", "100"};
        try {
            addRecord("person", "Score", fields, values);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

③ scanColumn(String tableName, String column)：瀏覽表tableName某一列的數(shù)據(jù)，如果某一行記錄中該列數(shù)據(jù)不存在，則返回null。要求當(dāng)參數(shù)column為某一列族名稱時(shí)，如果底下有若干個(gè)列限定符，則要列出每個(gè)列限定符代表的列的數(shù)據(jù)；當(dāng)參數(shù)column為某一列具體名稱（例如"Score:Math"）時(shí)，只需要列出該列的數(shù)據(jù)。

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.CellUtil;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ScanColumn {
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void scanColumn(String tableName, String column) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        scan.addFamily(Bytes.toBytes(column));
        ResultScanner scanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result result = scanner.next(); result != null; result = scanner.next()) {
            showCell(result);
        }
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void showCell(Result result) {
        Cell[] cells = result.rawCells();
        for (Cell cell : cells) {
            System.out.println("RowName:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneRow(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("Timetamp:" + cell.getTimestamp() + " ");
            System.out.println("column Family:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneFamily(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("row Name:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneQualifier(cell)) + " ");
            System.out.println("value:" + new String(CellUtil.cloneValue(cell)) + " ");
        }
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    // 關(guān)閉連接
    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            scanColumn("person", "Score");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

④ modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column)：?修改表tableName，行row（可以用學(xué)生姓名S_Name表示），列column指定的單元格的數(shù)據(jù)。

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ModifyData {

    public static long ts;
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result r : resultScanner) {
            for (Cell cell : r.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
                ts = cell.getTimestamp();
            }
        }
        put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
        table.put(put);
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            modifyData("person", "Score", "Math", "100");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

⑤ deleteRow(String tableName, String row)：?刪除表tableName中row指定的行的記錄。

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.Cell;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;

import java.io.IOException;

public class ModifyData {

    public static long ts;
    public static Configuration configuration;
    public static Connection connection;
    public static Admin admin;

    public static void modifyData(String tableName, String row, String column, String val) throws IOException {
        init();
        Table table = connection.getTable(TableName.valueOf(tableName));
        Put put = new Put(row.getBytes());
        Scan scan = new Scan();
        ResultScanner resultScanner = table.getScanner(scan);
        for (Result r : resultScanner) {
            for (Cell cell : r.getColumnCells(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes())) {
                ts = cell.getTimestamp();
            }
        }
        put.addColumn(row.getBytes(), column.getBytes(), ts, val.getBytes());
        table.put(put);
        table.close();
        close();
    }

    public static void init() {
        configuration = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        configuration.set("hbase.rootdir", "hdfs://localhost:9000/hbase");
        try {
            connection = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(configuration);
            admin = connection.getAdmin();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void close() {
        try {
            if (admin != null) {
                admin.close();
            }
            if (null != connection) {
                connection.close();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            modifyData("person", "Score", "Math", "100");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

?參考：

《HBase2.2.2安裝和編程實(shí)踐指南_廈大數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)驗(yàn)室博客 (xmu.edu.cn)》

《實(shí)驗(yàn)3 熟悉常用的 HBase 操作》實(shí)驗(yàn)3 熟悉常用的 HBase 操作_碩碩ss的博客-CSDN博客_熟悉常用的hbase操作

《實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作》實(shí)驗(yàn)3_熟悉常用的HBase操作_NeverOW的博客-CSDN博客文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-429129.html

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