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1.前言

本篇目的：介紹C++11 thread線程用法

2.C++11 thread創(chuàng)建傳參線程

<1>. t1.join(): 主進(jìn)程等待任務(wù)線程示例

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <unistd.h> 
using namespace std;

void task_01(){  
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);  
} 

void task_02(int i){  
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);  
  while(i < 1000)
    i++;
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d, i = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__,i);
}
int main(){
  int i = 0, j = 0;

  //1.任務(wù)線程不帶參數(shù)
   thread t1(task_01);
   
  //2.任務(wù)線程帶參數(shù)
  thread t2(task_02, i);
  //t1.detach();//線程與進(jìn)程分離,各自執(zhí)行,順序是混換的.
  
  t1.join();//主進(jìn)程等待線程執(zhí)行結(jié)束,然后主進(jìn)程開始執(zhí)行.
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);
  return 0;
}

打印:
xxx------->task_01(), line = 7
xxx------->task_01(), line = 10, i = 1000
xxx------->main(), line = 20

在thread中創(chuàng)建一個任務(wù)線程task_01(),并將參數(shù)i = 1傳進(jìn)去; 然后 t1.join();
通過打印看出,主進(jìn)程會等待線程執(zhí)行完畢,才開始執(zhí)行.

<2>. t1.detach(): 主進(jìn)程和任務(wù)線程分離示例

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <unistd.h> 
using namespace std;
 
void task_01(int i){  
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);  
  while(i < 1000)
    i++;
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d, i = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__,i);
}
int main(){
  int i = 0, j = 0;

  //1.任務(wù)線程.
  thread t1(task_01, i);
  t1.detach();//線程與進(jìn)程分離,各自執(zhí)行,順序是混換的.
  
  //t1.join();//主進(jìn)程等待線程執(zhí)行結(jié)束,然后主進(jìn)程開始執(zhí)行.
  printf("xxx------->%s(), line = %d\n",__FUNCTION__,__LINE__);
  return 0;
}

打印
xxx------->main(), line = 20

在thread中創(chuàng)建一個任務(wù)線程task_01(),并將參數(shù)i = 1傳進(jìn)去; 然后 t1.detach();
通過打印看出,主進(jìn)程和任務(wù)線程各自執(zhí)行,結(jié)果是主進(jìn)程執(zhí)行完了,任務(wù)線程沒來的及執(zhí)行；
也有可能,任務(wù)線程執(zhí)行完了,主進(jìn)程還沒來得及執(zhí)行,這種情況都有可能.文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-414416.html

<3>.線程傳遞對象引用

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
using namespace std;

class A {
public:
  int num;
  A(){};
};

void test(A& a) {
  a.num = 199;
  cout << "a.num = " << a.num << endl;
}

int main() {
  A a;
  a.num = 10;
  thread th(test, std::ref(a));

  th.join();
  cout << "a.num = " << a.num << endl;
  return 0;
}

<4>.線程傳遞指針對象

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
using namespace std;

class A {
public:
  int num;
  A(){};
};

void test(A* a) {
  a->num = 199;
  cout << "a.num = " << a->num << endl;
}

int main() {
  A *a = new A();
  a->num = 10;
  //thread th(test, std::ref(a));
  thread th(test, a);

  th.join();
  cout << "a.num = " << a->num << endl;
  return 0;
}

<5>.線程傳遞this指針

#include<iostream>
#include<thread>
using namespace std;

class A {
public:
  int num;
  A(){};
  void print();
};


void test(A* a) {
  a->num = 199;
  cout << "a.num = " << a->num << endl;
}

void A::print(){
  thread th(test, this);
  th.join();
  cout << "a.num = " << this->num << endl;
}

int main() {
  A *a = new A();
  a->num = 10;
  a->print();

  return 0;
}

<6>.thread線程lambda表達(dá)式用法

/***********************************************************
* Author        : 公眾號: Android系統(tǒng)攻城獅
* Create time   : 2023-07-28 22:06:42 星期五
* Filename      : thread_lambda_05.cpp
* Description   :
************************************************************/

#include <iostream>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
#include <atomic>
#include <mutex>
#include <thread>
int main(){
  std::mutex mutex;
  std::thread thread = std::thread([&]() {
    std::lock_guard<decltype(mutex)> lock(mutex);
    for (int i=10; i>0; --i) {
      std::cout << i << std::endl;
      std::this_thread::sleep_for (std::chrono::seconds(1));
    }
  });
  thread.join();
  return 0;
}

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