Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫還原恢復(fù)后，執(zhí)行alter database open resetlogs時(shí)遇到下面錯誤。如下所示：

SQL>?alter?database?open?resetlogs;
alter?database?open?resetlogs
*
ERROR?at?line?1:
ORA-00603:?ORACLE?server?session?terminated?by?fatal?error
ORA-01092:?ORACLE?instance?terminated.?Disconnection?forced
ORA-00704:?bootstrap?process?failure
ORA-00604:?error?occurred?at?recursive?SQL?level?1
ORA-00904:?"I"."UNUSABLEBEGINNING#":?invalid?identifier
Process?ID:?19288
Session?ID:?2?Serial?number:?4441

剛開始有點(diǎn)懵的，第一次遇到這種情形。不過搜索了一下metalink相關(guān)資料后，大致了解到是因?yàn)榄h(huán)境變量設(shè)置有誤導(dǎo)致這些錯誤出現(xiàn)的。這里先介紹一下這個(gè)案例的復(fù)雜背景：

當(dāng)前機(jī)器為一個(gè)測試服務(wù)器（UAT環(huán)境），操作系統(tǒng)版本為HP-UX，數(shù)據(jù)庫版本Oracle 19c，然后因?yàn)镾upport人員要查找歷史數(shù)據(jù)，需要還原一個(gè)2020年時(shí)間點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)庫備份。但是生產(chǎn)環(huán)境（PROD）在2020年是Oracle 11g，然后在2021年升級為了Oracle 19c，現(xiàn)在測試服務(wù)器（UAT環(huán)境）的數(shù)據(jù)庫版本也是Oracle 19c，于是從其它測試服務(wù)器拷貝了一個(gè)Oracle 11g版本的掛載帶點(diǎn)/opt/oracle11g到當(dāng)前測試服務(wù)器（為了方便省事，如果重新安裝搭建Oracle 11g環(huán)境還麻煩一些），然后設(shè)置了一下/etc/oratab,如下所示：（xxx表示ORACLE_SID）

#xxx:/opt/oracle19c/product/19.3.0/db_1:N
xxx:/opt/oracle11g/product/11.2:N

退出當(dāng)前SecureCRT窗口，重新登陸，提示修改成功，如下所示

ORACLE_SID?=?[xxx]???xxx

Oracle?SID??=?xxx
Oracle?BASE?=?/opt/oracle11g
Oracle?HOME?=?/opt/oracle11g/product/11.2
SQL*Net?TNS?=?/etc
ORA_NLS10???=?/opt/oracle11g/product/11.2/nls/data

由于忙著檢查/修改pfile文件中的參數(shù)，當(dāng)時(shí)沒有仔細(xì)檢查環(huán)境變量，匆匆忙忙就開始了數(shù)據(jù)庫實(shí)例的還原恢復(fù)，但是當(dāng)前的ORACLE_HOME環(huán)境變量確實(shí)還是Oracle 19c的環(huán)境變量

>echo?$ORACLE_BASE
/opt/oracle19c
>echo?$ORACLE_HOME
/opt/oracle19c/product/19.3.0/db_1

修改環(huán)境變量~/.profile后，執(zhí)行. ~/.profile設(shè)置生效。然后重新登陸SecureCRT后，重新還原數(shù)據(jù)庫就不會遇到這個(gè)問題。另外，如果不重新還原，關(guān)閉數(shù)據(jù)庫后，重新OPEN數(shù)據(jù)庫亦可以，測試沒有什么問題。

官方文檔Database Startup Failure After RMAN Restore with ORA-00704, ORA-00604, ORA-00904 (Doc ID 2540757.1)的具體內(nèi)容如下：文章來源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-412553.html

APPLIES?TO:
Oracle?Database?-?Enterprise?Edition?-?Version?11.2.0.4?and?later
Information?in?this?document?applies?to?any?platform.

SYMPTOMS
?
SQL>?alter?database?open;
alter?database?open
*
ERROR?at?line?1:
ORA-01092:?ORACLE?instance?terminated.?Disconnection?forced
ORA-00704:?bootstrap?process?failure
ORA-00604:?error?occurred?at?recursive?SQL?level?2
ORA-00904:?"I"."UNUSABLEBEGINNING#":?invalid?identifier
Process?ID:?23346
Session?ID:?680?Serial?number:?51933

CHANGES

?After?restoring?the?database?to?another?server?by?RMAN,?it?is?failed?to?startup.
After?upgrade?or?post?upgrade

CAUSE

?>>>>>ORA-00904:?"I"."UNUSABLEBEGINNING#":?invalid?identifier
This?error?appears?due?to?using?the?incorrect?sqlplus?environment.?For?example.,?By?default?SQLPLUS?will?connect?to?the?default?ORACLE_HOME,?say?12C?Home?but?if?you?are?duplicating?the?11g?database?on?same?host?the?it?must?be?Oracle?11g?Environment?in?order?to?complete?the?process.
1?-?This?issue?happens?when?we?have?installed?multiple?Oracle?Homes?in?a?single?system.
2?-?We?need?to?make?sure?that?we?are?in?the?right?environment?when?we?are?restoring?it.

SOLUTION

You?need?to?set?all?the?required?Environment?Variables?first?as?per?your?need?like?ORACLE_SID,?ORACLE_BASE,?ORACLE_HOME,?TNS_ADMIN,?PATH?with?proper?values
(OR)
Simply?work?by?going?to?the?bin?directory?of?your?required?ORACLE_HOME
SET?ORACLE_HOME=Your_Oracle_Home
CD?ORACLE_HOME\bin
Even?if?you?set?all?the?environment?parameter?properly,?then?need?to?investigate?further?to?verify?the?rman?backup?set?which?used?to?restore?or?verify?the?upgrade?logs,?component,?dba_registry?etc.
Provide?the?details?requested?in?below?Notes?based?on?the?post?restore?or?post?upgrade
Note?1905616.1??SRDC?-?Startup?Issues:?Checklist?of?Evidence?to?Supply?(Doc?ID?1905616.1)
Note?1906468.1??SRDC?-?Startup?Shutdown?-?Oracle?Binary?and?OS?Resources:?Checklist?of?Evidence?to?Supply?(Doc?ID?1906468.1)
Note:1672387.1??SRDC?-?Data?Collection?for?Upgrade?Issues
Note?753041.1?How?to?Diagnose?Components?with?NON?VALID?Status?in?DBA_REGISTRY?after?an?Upgrade?(Doc?ID?753041.1)
Note?1965956.1??SRDC?-?Data?Collection?for?Datapatch?issues?(Doc?ID?1965956.1)
Note?1671416.1??SRDC?-?Required?diagnostic?data?collection?for?RMAN?Restore?and?Recover?Using?TFA?Collector?(Recommended)?or?Manual?Steps?(Doc?ID?1671416.1)