目錄

1.get請(qǐng)求方式

1.1不需要請(qǐng)求參數(shù)時(shí)

1.2請(qǐng)求參數(shù)可以用表單數(shù)據(jù)(鍵值對(duì))拼接時(shí)

2.POST請(qǐng)求方式

2.1請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為json字符串格式時(shí)

2.2請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為表單數(shù)據(jù)(鍵值對(duì))格式時(shí)

2.3請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為多分部數(shù)據(jù)(復(fù)合式表單)格式時(shí)，(以上傳文件接口為例)

本文主要介紹了通過(guò)C#中的WebRequest來(lái)發(fā)送post和get兩種請(qǐng)求方式的過(guò)程。

1.get請(qǐng)求方式

1.1不需要請(qǐng)求參數(shù)時(shí)

url為請(qǐng)求的接口地址

private string GetData(string url)
{
    string result = string.Empty;
    string error = string.Empty;
    try
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
        request.Timeout = 20000;  //超時(shí)時(shí)間
        request.Method = "GET";  //請(qǐng)求方式
        request.KeepAlive = true; //解決GetResponse操作超時(shí)問(wèn)題
        request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "token"); //如果接口需要鑒權(quán), 把"token"換成自己需要的

        //通過(guò)HttpWebRequest的GetResponse()方法建立HttpWebResponse,強(qiáng)制類型轉(zhuǎn)換
        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
		
        //獲取響應(yīng)內(nèi)容，返回的數(shù)據(jù)格式: {"status":"success","msg":"成功","data":{"info": "example"}}
        string postContent = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
        
        //結(jié)果解析,異常情況判斷
        JObject json = JObject.Parse(postContent);
        var gList = json["data"];
        if (json["status"] == null || gList == null || json["msg"] == null)
            error = "接口錯(cuò)誤";
        else if (json["status"].ToString() != "success")
            error = string.Format("接口查詢結(jié)果返回錯(cuò)誤,{0}", json["msg"]);
        else if (gList.ToString() != string.Empty)
            result = gList["info"].ToString();
        else { }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        error = ex.Message;
    }
    if (error != string.Empty)
        MessageBox.Show(error);

    return result;
}

1.2請(qǐng)求參數(shù)可以用表單數(shù)據(jù)(鍵值對(duì))拼接時(shí)

url為請(qǐng)求的接口地址，pairs為請(qǐng)求的參數(shù)(字典格式)

private string GetUrlEncodeData(string url, Dictionary<string, string> pairs)
{
    string result = string.Empty;
    string error = string.Empty;
    try
    {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string key in pairs.Keys)
            sb.Append(key).Append("=").Append(pairs[key]).Append("&");
        if (pairs.Count > 0)
            url = url + "?" + sb.ToString().Trim('&');

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; //表單數(shù)據(jù)(鍵值對(duì))
        request.Timeout = 20000;  //超時(shí)時(shí)間
        request.Method = "GET";  //請(qǐng)求方式
        request.KeepAlive = true; //解決GetResponse操作超時(shí)問(wèn)題
        request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "token"); //如果接口需要鑒權(quán), 把"token"換成自己需要的

        //通過(guò)HttpWebRequest的GetResponse()方法建立HttpWebResponse,強(qiáng)制類型轉(zhuǎn)換
        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();
        //獲取響應(yīng)內(nèi)容，返回的數(shù)據(jù)格式: {"status":"success","msg":"成功","data":{"info": "example"}}
        string postContent = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
        
        //結(jié)果解析,異常情況判斷
        JObject json = JObject.Parse(postContent);
        var gList = json["data"];
        if (json["status"] == null || gList == null || json["msg"] == null)
            error = "接口錯(cuò)誤";
        else if (json["status"].ToString() != "success")
            error = string.Format("接口查詢結(jié)果返回錯(cuò)誤,{0}", json["msg"]);
        else if (gList.ToString() != string.Empty)
            result = gList["info"].ToString();
        else { }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        error = ex.Message;
    }
    if (error != string.Empty)
        MessageBox.Show(error);

    return result;
}

2.POST請(qǐng)求方式

2.1請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為json字符串格式時(shí)

url為請(qǐng)求的接口地址，pairs為請(qǐng)求的參數(shù)(字典格式)

private string PostJsonData(string url, Dictionary<string, string> pairs)
{
    string result = string.Empty;
    string error = string.Empty;
    try
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
        request.Timeout = 20000;  //超時(shí)時(shí)間
        request.Method = "POST";  //請(qǐng)求方式
        request.KeepAlive = true; //解決GetResponse操作超時(shí)問(wèn)題
        request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "token"); //如果接口需要鑒權(quán), 把"token"換成自己需要的

        //設(shè)置Content-type HTTP標(biāo)頭的值，即請(qǐng)求的媒體類型
        request.ContentType = "application/json"; //json字符串
        //request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data"; //多分部數(shù)據(jù)

        string content = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(pairs);
        byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content);
        //寫入請(qǐng)求的參數(shù)
        using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
            stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);

        //通過(guò)HttpWebRequest的GetResponse()方法建立HttpWebResponse,強(qiáng)制類型轉(zhuǎn)換
        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

        //獲取響應(yīng)內(nèi)容，返回的postContent是json字符串格式:{"status":"success","msg":"成功","data":{"info": "example"}}
        string postContent = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
        
        //結(jié)果解析,異常情況判斷
        JObject json = JObject.Parse(postContent);
        var gList = json["data"];
        if (json["status"] == null || gList == null || json["msg"] == null)
            error = "接口錯(cuò)誤";
        else if (json["status"].ToString() != "success")
            error = string.Format("接口查詢結(jié)果返回錯(cuò)誤,{0}", json["msg"]);
        else if (gList.ToString() != string.Empty)
            result = gList["info"].ToString();
        else { }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        error = ex.Message;
    }
    if (error != string.Empty)
        MessageBox.Show(error);

    return result;
}

2.2請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為表單數(shù)據(jù)(鍵值對(duì))格式時(shí)

url為請(qǐng)求的接口地址，pairs為請(qǐng)求的參數(shù)(字典格式)

private string PostUrlEncodeData(string url, Dictionary<string, string> pairs)
{
    string result = string.Empty;
    string error = string.Empty;
    try
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);
        request.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded"; //表單數(shù)據(jù)(鍵值對(duì))
        request.Timeout = 20000;  //超時(shí)時(shí)間
        request.Method = "POST";  //請(qǐng)求方式
        request.KeepAlive = true; //解決GetResponse操作超時(shí)問(wèn)題
        request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "token"); //如果接口需要鑒權(quán), 把"token"換成自己需要的

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (string key in pairs.Keys)
            sb.Append(key).Append("=").Append(pairs[key]).Append("&");
        string content = sb.ToString().Trim('&');
        byte[] data = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(content);

        //寫入請(qǐng)求的參數(shù)
        using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
            stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);

        //通過(guò)HttpWebRequest的GetResponse()方法建立HttpWebResponse,強(qiáng)制類型轉(zhuǎn)換
        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

        //獲取響應(yīng)內(nèi)容，返回的json字符串postContent格式: 
        //{"status":"success","msg":"成功","data":{"info": "example"}}
        string postContent = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();
        
        //結(jié)果解析,異常情況判斷
        JObject json = JObject.Parse(postContent);
        var gList = json["data"];
        if (json["status"] == null || gList == null || json["msg"] == null)
            error = "接口錯(cuò)誤";
        else if (json["status"].ToString() != "success")
            error = string.Format("接口查詢結(jié)果返回錯(cuò)誤,{0}", json["msg"]);
        else if (gList.ToString() != string.Empty)
            result = gList["info"].ToString();
        else { }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        error = ex.Message;
    }
    if (error != string.Empty)
        MessageBox.Show(error);

    return result;
}

2.3請(qǐng)求參數(shù)為多分部數(shù)據(jù)(復(fù)合式表單)格式時(shí)，(以上傳文件接口為例)

url為請(qǐng)求的接口地址，filePath為文件的絕對(duì)路徑。

首先獲取本地文件路徑，

string uploadURL = "http://127.0.0.1:8888/api/test/";
string uploadFilePath = string.Empty;

OpenFileDialog openFileDialog = new OpenFileDialog
{
    Filter = "所有文件|*.*"
};
if (openFileDialog.ShowDialog() == DialogResult.OK)
    uploadFilePath = openFileDialog.FileName;

string result = PostMultipartData(uploadURL, uploadFilePath);

上傳文件函數(shù)文章來(lái)源地址http://www.zghlxwxcb.cn/news/detail-400462.html

private string PostMultipartData(string url, string filePath)
{
    string result = string.Empty;
    string error = string.Empty;
    try
    {
        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

        request.Timeout = 20000;  //超時(shí)時(shí)間
        request.Method = "POST";  //請(qǐng)求方式
        request.KeepAlive = true; //解決GetResponse操作超時(shí)問(wèn)題
        request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data"; //多分部數(shù)據(jù)(復(fù)合式表單)
        request.Headers.Add("Authorization", "token"); //如果接口需要鑒權(quán), 把"token"換成自己需要的
        
        //讀取文件內(nèi)容
        FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);
        byte[] fileData = new byte[fs.Length];
        fs.Read(fileData, 0, fileData.Length);

        string fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);

        //瀏覽器在發(fā)送表單的enctype="multipart/form-data", 需要在往后臺(tái)發(fā)送請(qǐng)求的時(shí)候添加一個(gè)[boundary]屬性
        string boundary = "test" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("x");  // 邊界符, "test"可以改, 其他部分不能改
        byte[] boundarybytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");  // 邊界符開(kāi)始
        byte[] endbytes = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");  // 邊界符結(jié)束

        //寫入請(qǐng)求的參數(shù)
        using (var stream = request.GetRequestStream())
        {
            //獲取文件頭的字節(jié)序列
            string temp = "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"{0}\"; filename=\"{1}\"\r\n";
            string header = string.Format(temp, "file", fileName);
            byte[] fileHeader = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(header);

            stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length); //寫入FormData項(xiàng)的開(kāi)始邊界符
            stream.Write(fileHeader, 0, fileHeader.Length); //將文件頭寫入FormData項(xiàng)中

            stream.Write(boundarybytes, 0, boundarybytes.Length); //每?jī)纱螌懭胫g要加入開(kāi)始邊界符
            stream.Write(fileData, 0, fileData.Length);  //將文件流寫入FormData項(xiàng)
            stream.Write(endbytes, 0, endbytes.Length);  //寫入FormData的結(jié)束邊界符
        }

        //通過(guò)HttpWebRequest的GetResponse()方法建立HttpWebResponse,強(qiáng)制類型轉(zhuǎn)換
        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

        //獲取響應(yīng)內(nèi)容，返回的json字符串postContent格式: 
        //{"status":"success","msg":"成功","data":{"info": "example"}}
        string postContent = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream()).ReadToEnd();

        //結(jié)果解析,異常情況判斷
        JObject json = JObject.Parse(postContent);
        var gList = json["data"];
        if (json["status"] == null || gList == null || json["msg"] == null)
            error = "接口錯(cuò)誤";
        else if (json["status"].ToString() != "success")
            error = string.Format("接口查詢結(jié)果返回錯(cuò)誤,{0}", json["msg"]);
        else if (gList.ToString() != string.Empty)
            result = gList["info"].ToString();
        else { }
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        error = ex.Message;
    }
    if (error != string.Empty)
        MessageBox.Show(error);

    return result;
}

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